Old NCERT Textbook (Bipan Chandra): Growth of New India - The Nationalist Movement 1858-1905 | Old & New NCERTs for IAS Preparation (Must Read) - UPSC PDF Download

Ans. The Nationalist Movement in India during the period 1858-1905 played a crucial role in shaping the country's struggle for independence. It marked the emergence of Indian nationalism and the growth of political consciousness among the Indian masses. Leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Dadabhai Naoroji, and Surendranath Banerjee played key roles in mobilizing the people and advocating for their rights. The movement laid the foundation for future struggles and set the stage for the Indian independence movement.

Ans. Several prominent leaders emerged during the Nationalist Movement in India from 1858 to 1905. Some of them include: 1. Bal Gangadhar Tilak: Known as the "Father of Indian Unrest," Tilak advocated for Swaraj (self-rule) and played a significant role in mobilizing the masses. 2. Dadabhai Naoroji: He was one of the earliest leaders of the Indian National Congress and is known for his theory of the "Drain of Wealth" and his efforts to secure political rights for Indians. 3. Surendranath Banerjee: A prominent leader from Bengal, Banerjee was a staunch advocate of Indian nationalism and played a vital role in organizing the anti-partition movement. 4. A.O. Hume: He was the founder of the Indian National Congress and played a crucial role in bringing together various political leaders and promoting nationalist ideas. These leaders, along with others, worked towards the common goal of achieving independence for India and laid the foundation for the future struggle.

Ans. The Indian National Congress (INC) was established in 1885 with the following key objectives: 1. To promote political education and create political awareness among the Indian masses. 2. To work towards the development of a collective national identity among Indians, transcending regional and religious differences. 3. To advocate for political rights and representation for Indians in the colonial administration. 4. To demand economic reforms and address issues like poverty, land rights, and economic exploitation. 5. To develop a platform for Indians to voice their grievances and concerns, and to work towards the ultimate goal of self-governance and independence for India. These objectives guided the Indian National Congress during the Nationalist Movement and shaped its agenda and activities.

Ans. The Nationalist Movement in India had a significant impact on the British colonial rule in several ways: 1. It challenged the legitimacy and authority of British rule by mobilizing the Indian masses and creating a sense of national identity and pride. 2. Through various protests, movements, and agitations, the nationalists disrupted the smooth functioning of the colonial administration and weakened the foundation of British rule. 3. The movement exposed the exploitative nature of British economic policies, such as the drain of wealth, and demanded economic reforms that would benefit the Indian population. 4. The nationalists effectively utilized the platform of the Indian National Congress to voice their concerns and demands, putting pressure on the colonial government to address them. 5. The movement also led to the growth of political consciousness among Indians, leading to the rise of future leaders who played instrumental roles in the struggle for independence. Overall, the Nationalist Movement in India challenged and weakened the British colonial rule, laying the groundwork for the eventual end of British domination.

Ans. The Nationalist Movement in India from 1858 to 1905 played a crucial role in the growth of Indian nationalism by: 1. Creating a sense of collective national identity among Indians, transcending regional, linguistic, and religious differences. 2. Mobilizing the masses and raising political awareness among the common people. 3. Providing a platform for Indians to voice their grievances and demands for political rights and representation. 4. Fostering a spirit of unity and solidarity among Indians through collective actions, protests, and movements. 5. Laying the foundation for future struggles and movements that would eventually lead to the independence of India. The Nationalist Movement in India during this period marked a significant shift in the Indian mindset, from passive acceptance of British rule to active resistance and the demand for self-rule. It sowed the seeds of Indian nationalism, which continued to grow and eventually culminated in the country's independence in 1947.