PPT: Indus Valley Civilisation - I | History for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


The Harappan 
Civilization (Indus 
Valley Civilisation)-I
Page 2


The Harappan 
Civilization (Indus 
Valley Civilisation)-I
Introduction to the Harappan 
Culture(Indus Valley Civilization)
Origin and Importance
The Indus Valley Civilization ranks among the world's 
four ancient civilizations. It thrived along the Indus and 
Ghaggar-Hakra river systems, developing 
sophisticated urban centers.
Historical Context
The Harappan culture, while older than the 
chalcolithic cultures, emerged in the northwestern 
part of the Indian subcontinent, establishing 
humanity's first planned cities.
Page 3


The Harappan 
Civilization (Indus 
Valley Civilisation)-I
Introduction to the Harappan 
Culture(Indus Valley Civilization)
Origin and Importance
The Indus Valley Civilization ranks among the world's 
four ancient civilizations. It thrived along the Indus and 
Ghaggar-Hakra river systems, developing 
sophisticated urban centers.
Historical Context
The Harappan culture, while older than the 
chalcolithic cultures, emerged in the northwestern 
part of the Indian subcontinent, establishing 
humanity's first planned cities.
The Indus Valley Civilisation
Name Origin
Named after Harappa, the first 
site discovered in 1921 in West 
Punjab, Pakistan.
Geographical Extent
Spanned from Jammu to 
Narmada estuary and from 
Makran coast to Meerut, 
covering approximately 1.3 
million square kilometers.
Major Sites
Among 1500 known sites, 
Harappa and Mohenjodaro were 
the largest cities, located 483 
kilometers apart along the Indus 
River in modern-day Pakistan.
Page 4


The Harappan 
Civilization (Indus 
Valley Civilisation)-I
Introduction to the Harappan 
Culture(Indus Valley Civilization)
Origin and Importance
The Indus Valley Civilization ranks among the world's 
four ancient civilizations. It thrived along the Indus and 
Ghaggar-Hakra river systems, developing 
sophisticated urban centers.
Historical Context
The Harappan culture, while older than the 
chalcolithic cultures, emerged in the northwestern 
part of the Indian subcontinent, establishing 
humanity's first planned cities.
The Indus Valley Civilisation
Name Origin
Named after Harappa, the first 
site discovered in 1921 in West 
Punjab, Pakistan.
Geographical Extent
Spanned from Jammu to 
Narmada estuary and from 
Makran coast to Meerut, 
covering approximately 1.3 
million square kilometers.
Major Sites
Among 1500 known sites, 
Harappa and Mohenjodaro were 
the largest cities, located 483 
kilometers apart along the Indus 
River in modern-day Pakistan.
Major Harappan Cities
Chanhu Daro
Located 130 km south of Mohenjodaro in Sindh.
Lothal
Situated in Gujarat at the Gulf of Cambay.
Kalibangan
Located in northern Rajasthan, name means "black 
bangles".
Banawali
Located in Hissar, Haryana. Exhibits both pre-
Harappan and Harappan phases.
Coastal Cities
Mature Harappan settlements at Sutk ag endor and 
Surk o tada, both featuring citadels.
Later Sites
R angpur and R o j di in Kathiawar show later phase 
development. Dhola vira in Kutch and R akhigarhi on 
the Ghaggar demonstrate all three Harappan 
phases.
Page 5


The Harappan 
Civilization (Indus 
Valley Civilisation)-I
Introduction to the Harappan 
Culture(Indus Valley Civilization)
Origin and Importance
The Indus Valley Civilization ranks among the world's 
four ancient civilizations. It thrived along the Indus and 
Ghaggar-Hakra river systems, developing 
sophisticated urban centers.
Historical Context
The Harappan culture, while older than the 
chalcolithic cultures, emerged in the northwestern 
part of the Indian subcontinent, establishing 
humanity's first planned cities.
The Indus Valley Civilisation
Name Origin
Named after Harappa, the first 
site discovered in 1921 in West 
Punjab, Pakistan.
Geographical Extent
Spanned from Jammu to 
Narmada estuary and from 
Makran coast to Meerut, 
covering approximately 1.3 
million square kilometers.
Major Sites
Among 1500 known sites, 
Harappa and Mohenjodaro were 
the largest cities, located 483 
kilometers apart along the Indus 
River in modern-day Pakistan.
Major Harappan Cities
Chanhu Daro
Located 130 km south of Mohenjodaro in Sindh.
Lothal
Situated in Gujarat at the Gulf of Cambay.
Kalibangan
Located in northern Rajasthan, name means "black 
bangles".
Banawali
Located in Hissar, Haryana. Exhibits both pre-
Harappan and Harappan phases.
Coastal Cities
Mature Harappan settlements at Sutk ag endor and 
Surk o tada, both featuring citadels.
Later Sites
R angpur and R o j di in Kathiawar show later phase 
development. Dhola vira in Kutch and R akhigarhi on 
the Ghaggar demonstrate all three Harappan 
phases.
Geographical Extent
Broad Territory
The Indus Valley emerged in the 
northwestern Indian subcontinent, 
establishing the first planned cities 
in modern-day Pakistan.
Regional Coverage
This vast region encompassed 
Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, 
Gujarat, Rajasthan, and western 
Uttar Pradesh, with major centers 
at Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, 
Chanhu-daro, Lothal, Kalibangan, 
and Banwali.
River Connections
Stretching from Jammu to the 
Narmada estuary and Makran 
coast to Meerut, the Indus River 
formed its lifeline across 1.3 million 
square kilometers.