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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants PPT Biology Class 11

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
HIGHER PLANTS
Page 2


PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
HIGHER PLANTS
Page 3


PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
HIGHER PLANTS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER
PLANTS
Green plants carry out ‘photosynthesis’, a physico-chemical
process by which they use light energy to drive the synthesis
of organic compounds
Importance of photosynthesis includes:
1.Primary source of food 
2.Release O2 to atmosphere
Ultimately, all living forms on earth depend on sunlight for
energy. 
Page 4


PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
HIGHER PLANTS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER
PLANTS
Green plants carry out ‘photosynthesis’, a physico-chemical
process by which they use light energy to drive the synthesis
of organic compounds
Importance of photosynthesis includes:
1.Primary source of food 
2.Release O2 to atmosphere
Ultimately, all living forms on earth depend on sunlight for
energy. 
EARLY EXPERIMENTS
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) in 1770 performed a series
of experiments that revealed the
        essential role of air in the growth of green plants.
Priestley observed that a candle burning in a closed
space – a bell jar, soon gets extinguished. Similarly, a
mouse would soon suffocate in a closed space
when he placed a mint plant in the same bell jar, he
found that the mouse stayed alive and the candle
        continued to burn
Priestley hypothesised as follows: 
        Plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and 
        burning candles remove.   
Page 5


PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN
HIGHER PLANTS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER
PLANTS
Green plants carry out ‘photosynthesis’, a physico-chemical
process by which they use light energy to drive the synthesis
of organic compounds
Importance of photosynthesis includes:
1.Primary source of food 
2.Release O2 to atmosphere
Ultimately, all living forms on earth depend on sunlight for
energy. 
EARLY EXPERIMENTS
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) in 1770 performed a series
of experiments that revealed the
        essential role of air in the growth of green plants.
Priestley observed that a candle burning in a closed
space – a bell jar, soon gets extinguished. Similarly, a
mouse would soon suffocate in a closed space
when he placed a mint plant in the same bell jar, he
found that the mouse stayed alive and the candle
        continued to burn
Priestley hypothesised as follows: 
        Plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and 
        burning candles remove.   
Priestley’s experiment
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FAQs on Photosynthesis in Higher Plants PPT Biology Class 11

1. What is photosynthesis in higher plants?
Ans. Photosynthesis is the process by which higher plants convert light energy into chemical energy, utilizing carbon dioxide and water. This energy is then stored in the form of glucose and oxygen is released as a byproduct.
2. How does photosynthesis occur in higher plants?
Ans. Photosynthesis in higher plants occurs in specialized cellular structures called chloroplasts, specifically in the thylakoid membranes. The process involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle). During the light-dependent reactions, light energy is absorbed by pigments in the chloroplasts, which then generate ATP and NADPH. These energy-rich molecules are utilized in the light-independent reactions to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose.
3. What factors affect photosynthesis in higher plants?
Ans. Several factors can influence the rate of photosynthesis in higher plants. These include light intensity, availability of carbon dioxide, temperature, and the presence of chlorophyll. Optimal levels of these factors are required for efficient photosynthesis. For example, a decrease in light intensity or CO2 concentration can limit the process, while excessive heat or cold temperatures can disrupt the enzyme activity involved.
4. What is the significance of photosynthesis in higher plants?
Ans. Photosynthesis is of utmost importance for higher plants as it serves as the primary source of energy for their growth and survival. Through photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, which is used for various metabolic processes, such as synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Additionally, photosynthesis is responsible for oxygen production, which is essential for the survival of many organisms, including humans.
5. How does photosynthesis in higher plants contribute to the global carbon cycle?
Ans. Photosynthesis in higher plants plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. During the process, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into organic compounds, primarily glucose. These organic compounds are then utilized by plants for growth and development. When plants respire or decompose, carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. This continuous cycle of carbon uptake and release by plants helps regulate the Earth's carbon balance and is vital in mitigating climate change.
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