PPT: The Mughal Empire | History for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


The Mughal 
Empire
Page 2


The Mughal 
Empire
The Dawn of the Mughal Empire
The early 16th century marked a pivotal moment in Indian history with the arrival of a new 
imperial power from Central Asia.
1
1 5 2 6
Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi at the 
First Battle of Panipat, 
establishing Mughal rule in North 
India
2
1 5 4 0
Humayun loses the empire to 
Sher Shah Suri and flees to 
Persia
3
1 5 5 5
Humayun recaptures Delhi with 
Persian support
4
1 5 5 6
Akbar ascends the throne at age 
13 after Humayun's death
The Mughals, with Central Asian Turkic-Mongol heritage, brought new military tactics, 
administrative systems, and cultural influences that would transform the Indian subcontinent for 
centuries to come.
Page 3


The Mughal 
Empire
The Dawn of the Mughal Empire
The early 16th century marked a pivotal moment in Indian history with the arrival of a new 
imperial power from Central Asia.
1
1 5 2 6
Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi at the 
First Battle of Panipat, 
establishing Mughal rule in North 
India
2
1 5 4 0
Humayun loses the empire to 
Sher Shah Suri and flees to 
Persia
3
1 5 5 5
Humayun recaptures Delhi with 
Persian support
4
1 5 5 6
Akbar ascends the throne at age 
13 after Humayun's death
The Mughals, with Central Asian Turkic-Mongol heritage, brought new military tactics, 
administrative systems, and cultural influences that would transform the Indian subcontinent for 
centuries to come.
Babur: Founder of the Mughal Dynasty 
(1526-1530)
Babur, a descendant of both Timur (from his 
father's side) and Genghis Khan (from his 
mother's side), established Mughal rule in 
India after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the First 
Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Key Military Victories:
Battle of Khanwa (1527) - Defeated Rajput 
forces led by Rana Sanga
Battle of Chanderi (1528) - Conquered the 
Rajput fortress
Battle of Ghagra (1529) - Defeated the 
Afghan-Bengal alliance
Babur revolutionized warfare in India by introducing gunpowder, artillery and the tulughma 
(flanking) tactics. His memoir, B a b u r n a m a, written in Chagatai Turkic, provides invaluable 
insights into the politics, society, and culture of his time.
Page 4


The Mughal 
Empire
The Dawn of the Mughal Empire
The early 16th century marked a pivotal moment in Indian history with the arrival of a new 
imperial power from Central Asia.
1
1 5 2 6
Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi at the 
First Battle of Panipat, 
establishing Mughal rule in North 
India
2
1 5 4 0
Humayun loses the empire to 
Sher Shah Suri and flees to 
Persia
3
1 5 5 5
Humayun recaptures Delhi with 
Persian support
4
1 5 5 6
Akbar ascends the throne at age 
13 after Humayun's death
The Mughals, with Central Asian Turkic-Mongol heritage, brought new military tactics, 
administrative systems, and cultural influences that would transform the Indian subcontinent for 
centuries to come.
Babur: Founder of the Mughal Dynasty 
(1526-1530)
Babur, a descendant of both Timur (from his 
father's side) and Genghis Khan (from his 
mother's side), established Mughal rule in 
India after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the First 
Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Key Military Victories:
Battle of Khanwa (1527) - Defeated Rajput 
forces led by Rana Sanga
Battle of Chanderi (1528) - Conquered the 
Rajput fortress
Battle of Ghagra (1529) - Defeated the 
Afghan-Bengal alliance
Babur revolutionized warfare in India by introducing gunpowder, artillery and the tulughma 
(flanking) tactics. His memoir, B a b u r n a m a, written in Chagatai Turkic, provides invaluable 
insights into the politics, society, and culture of his time.
Humayun: The Unfortunate Emperor 
(1530-1540, 1555-1556)
Inherited an Unstable Empire
Humayun faced immediate challenges from 
Afghan nobles and his own brothers 
Kamran, Askari, and Hindal who controlled 
key territories.
Defeats and Exile
Lost battles at Chausa (1539) and Kannauj 
(1540) to Sher Shah Suri. Forced to flee to 
Persia, where he spent 15 years in exile 
under Shah Tahmasp's protection.
Brief Restoration
Returned with Persian military support in 
1555 to reclaim Delhi and Agra. Established 
control over northern India.
Tragic End
Died in 1556 after a fatal fall from the stairs 
of his library in Din Panah (Delhi), leaving 
his 13-year-old son Akbar as heir.
Despite his military failures, Humayun's time in Persia introduced Safavid artistic and 
architectural influences to the Mughal court, which would flourish under his successors.
Page 5


The Mughal 
Empire
The Dawn of the Mughal Empire
The early 16th century marked a pivotal moment in Indian history with the arrival of a new 
imperial power from Central Asia.
1
1 5 2 6
Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi at the 
First Battle of Panipat, 
establishing Mughal rule in North 
India
2
1 5 4 0
Humayun loses the empire to 
Sher Shah Suri and flees to 
Persia
3
1 5 5 5
Humayun recaptures Delhi with 
Persian support
4
1 5 5 6
Akbar ascends the throne at age 
13 after Humayun's death
The Mughals, with Central Asian Turkic-Mongol heritage, brought new military tactics, 
administrative systems, and cultural influences that would transform the Indian subcontinent for 
centuries to come.
Babur: Founder of the Mughal Dynasty 
(1526-1530)
Babur, a descendant of both Timur (from his 
father's side) and Genghis Khan (from his 
mother's side), established Mughal rule in 
India after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the First 
Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Key Military Victories:
Battle of Khanwa (1527) - Defeated Rajput 
forces led by Rana Sanga
Battle of Chanderi (1528) - Conquered the 
Rajput fortress
Battle of Ghagra (1529) - Defeated the 
Afghan-Bengal alliance
Babur revolutionized warfare in India by introducing gunpowder, artillery and the tulughma 
(flanking) tactics. His memoir, B a b u r n a m a, written in Chagatai Turkic, provides invaluable 
insights into the politics, society, and culture of his time.
Humayun: The Unfortunate Emperor 
(1530-1540, 1555-1556)
Inherited an Unstable Empire
Humayun faced immediate challenges from 
Afghan nobles and his own brothers 
Kamran, Askari, and Hindal who controlled 
key territories.
Defeats and Exile
Lost battles at Chausa (1539) and Kannauj 
(1540) to Sher Shah Suri. Forced to flee to 
Persia, where he spent 15 years in exile 
under Shah Tahmasp's protection.
Brief Restoration
Returned with Persian military support in 
1555 to reclaim Delhi and Agra. Established 
control over northern India.
Tragic End
Died in 1556 after a fatal fall from the stairs 
of his library in Din Panah (Delhi), leaving 
his 13-year-old son Akbar as heir.
Despite his military failures, Humayun's time in Persia introduced Safavid artistic and 
architectural influences to the Mughal court, which would flourish under his successors.
The Golden 
Age Under 
Akbar
( 1 556 - 1 6 0 5)