Panchayati Raj Video Lecture | NCERT Video Summary: Class 6 to Class 12 (English) - UPSC

Ans. Panchayati Raj is a system of local self-government in India. It involves the establishment of elected village councils at the grassroots level, known as Gram Panchayats. The significance of Panchayati Raj lies in its democratic functioning, as it enables rural communities to participate in decision-making, development planning, and the delivery of essential services. It empowers rural citizens and promotes decentralization of power, ensuring better governance and development at the local level.

Ans. The Panchayati Raj system in India has a three-tier structure comprising Gram Panchayats at the village level, Panchayat Samitis at the block level, and Zilla Parishads at the district level. Gram Panchayats are responsible for local governance in villages, while Panchayat Samitis coordinate and oversee the functioning of multiple Gram Panchayats within a block. Zilla Parishads serve as the apex body at the district level, supervising and coordinating the activities of Panchayat Samitis and Gram Panchayats.

Ans. Gram Sabha is a general assembly of all eligible voters in a village, which acts as the foundation of the Panchayati Raj system. Its role is to discuss and decide on matters related to local development, social welfare, and governance. The Gram Sabha approves development plans, monitors the functioning of Gram Panchayats, and ensures transparency and accountability. It provides a platform for people to voice their opinions, participate in decision-making, and hold their elected representatives accountable.

Ans. Panchayati Raj plays a vital role in rural development in India. It enables local communities to identify their development needs, prioritize them, and plan and implement development projects accordingly. The system ensures the participation of rural citizens in decision-making, which leads to more effective utilization of resources and addressing specific local challenges. Panchayats also receive funds from the central and state governments for rural development, which are utilized for improving infrastructure, providing basic services, and promoting socio-economic development.

Ans. Despite its significance, the Panchayati Raj system in India faces various challenges. Some of these challenges include inadequate financial resources, limited administrative capacity, political interference, and social inequalities. Insufficient funds often hinder the effective functioning of Panchayats, limiting their ability to implement development projects. Weak administrative capacity and political interference can hinder decision-making and governance. Additionally, social inequalities based on caste, gender, and economic disparities can impact the equitable representation and participation of marginalized communities in the Panchayati Raj system.