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FAQs on Power: Functional Perspective - Sociology Optional for UPSC (Notes)
| 1. What is the functional perspective of power in political science? |  |
Ans. The functional perspective of power in political science refers to the view that power is not just about the ability to dominate or control others but is also about the roles and functions that power plays within society. It focuses on how power contributes to the stability and functionality of social institutions, governance, and the overall social order. This perspective emphasizes the interdependence of various actors in the political system and how power dynamics facilitate cooperation and conflict resolution.
| 2. How does the functional perspective explain the distribution of power in society? | |
Ans. The functional perspective explains the distribution of power in society by analyzing how different social institutions, such as family, education, and government, contribute to the overall functioning of the community. It suggests that power is distributed based on the needs of society, where various groups and institutions play specific roles that align with social stability. This means that power is not concentrated in the hands of a few but is shared among different entities that work together to maintain social order and meet collective needs.
| 3. What are some examples of power structures analyzed from a functional perspective? | |
Ans. Examples of power structures analyzed from a functional perspective include the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government, each playing a specific role in ensuring the rule of law and governance. Additionally, social organizations, such as trade unions and NGOs, are examined for their roles in advocating for certain groups and interests within society. The educational system is also analyzed for its function in socializing individuals and preparing them for their roles in the workforce, demonstrating how various power structures contribute to societal cohesion.
| 4. How does the functional perspective address the relationship between power and social change? | |
Ans. The functional perspective addresses the relationship between power and social change by suggesting that while power maintains social order, it can also be a catalyst for change. When existing power structures fail to address the needs of society or when new challenges arise, it can lead to shifts in power dynamics. This perspective highlights that social change is often a response to the dysfunctions or imbalances within power structures, prompting adaptations that seek to restore or enhance social stability.
| 5. What is the significance of understanding power from a functional perspective for UPSC aspirants? | |
Ans. Understanding power from a functional perspective is significant for UPSC aspirants as it provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing political systems, governance, and social dynamics. It equips candidates with the analytical tools to evaluate how various institutions operate and interact within the political landscape. This perspective also aids in understanding contemporary issues related to governance, policy-making, and societal challenges, which are crucial for both the examination and effective public administration.
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Sep 09, 2025
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