September 30 – Essay: 2025 | UPSC Daily Answer Writing Practice PDF Download

To craft an essay on "Dr. Amartya Sen: First Nobel Laureate Indian Economist," it's important to structure it effectively. Here's a guideline:

Introduction

• Start with a Quote or Phrase: Something related to economics, welfare, or human development.
• Introduce Amartya Sen: Brief background, his Nobel Prize achievement.
• Thesis Statement: How his work has influenced economics and policy, particularly in India.

Body

• Early Life and Education:
  • Birth, upbringing, and early influences.
  • Academic journey, highlighting key educational milestones.
• Key Contributions:
  • Welfare Economics: His theories and how they differ from traditional views.
  • Development Economics: Focus on capabilities and human development.
  • Famine: Analysis of the causes of famine, debunking myths.
• Nobel Prize and Recognition:
  • The reasons behind his Nobel Prize win.
  • Impact of this recognition on Indian society and the global academic community.
• Influence on Indian Economy and Policy:
  • Application of his theories in Indian economic policies.
  • Specific reforms or policies influenced by his work.
• Relevance to Current Affairs:
  • Link his theories to recent economic challenges or policies in India.
  • Discuss how his ideas could address contemporary issues.
• Global Impact:
  • His influence on international economic policies and human development indices.
  • Contributions to the United Nations and other global bodies.
• Criticism and Debate:
  • Address some critiques of his work.
  • How these debates have furthered economic discussions.

Conclusion

• Summarize Key Points: Reinforce how Sen's work has shaped modern economics.
• End with a Reflective Quote or Thought: Relate to the relevance of Sen's work in today's world.

Sample Essay

The following essay serves as a sample for the given topic. Students can add their own ideas and points as well.

Please note that the sample essay will adhere to the suggested structure and word limit, incorporating simple language, Indian societal examples, relevant quotes, and current affairs.

“Economics, as a field, won't be complete without studying the humanity behind it.”

Dr. Amartya Sen, the first Indian economist to win a Nobel Prize, stands as a towering figure in the landscape of modern economics. His work, deeply rooted in the welfare of humanity, has redefined our understanding of economics, transcending beyond mere numbers to the qualitative aspects of human life.

Born in 1933 in Bengal, British India, Sen's journey from a turbulent childhood during the Bengal Famine to the pinnacle of academic excellence is nothing short of inspirational. His early experiences with poverty and inequality shaped his later work. Sen's educational journey took him from Kolkata to Cambridge, where he began his lifelong quest to understand and solve economic inequities.

Sen's major contribution lies in his revolutionary approach to welfare economics. He argued that human welfare should not be measured merely by income, but by the capability of individuals to achieve their potential. This perspective was groundbreaking, as it shifted the focus from traditional metrics like GDP to a more holistic view of human development.

The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Sen in 1998 for his work in welfare economics. This recognition was not just a personal achievement but a moment of pride for India, inspiring a generation of economists.

In India, Sen's theories have profoundly influenced economic policy. His ideas have been instrumental in shaping the country's approach to social welfare, healthcare, and education. For instance, the Midday Meal Scheme, aiming to enhance the nutritional status of school-age children, echoes Sen's emphasis on human capabilities.

Sen's relevance in current affairs is undeniable. Amidst the economic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, Sen's advocacy for social safety nets and healthcare accessibility resonates strongly. His emphasis on human capabilities provides a framework for rebuilding economies in a more equitable manner.

Globally, Sen's impact is evident in how economic success is measured. His work influenced the creation of the Human Development Index (HDI), a more comprehensive measure of a country's progress, including factors like education and life expectancy.

Despite his accolades, Sen's work is not without criticism. Some argue that his theories are idealistic and challenging to implement. However, these debates underscore the dynamic nature of economics, constantly evolving and adapting to new challenges.

In conclusion, Dr. Amartya Sen's journey from a witness to the Bengal Famine to a Nobel laureate is a testament to the power of economics to serve humanity. His work continues to inspire and challenge, reminding us that at the heart of economic policies and theories are real people with real needs. As Sen himself stated, “The success of a society is to be evaluated primarily by the freedoms that members of the society enjoy.” In a world still grappling with inequality and poverty, his ideas remain more relevant than ever.