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FAQs on Social Statification - Sociology Optional for UPSC (Notes)

1. What is social stratification?
Ans. Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on various factors such as wealth, income, education, occupation, and social status. It illustrates how resources and opportunities are distributed unevenly among different groups, leading to inequalities in power and privilege.
2. What are the main types of social stratification?
Ans. The main types of social stratification include caste systems, class systems, and status hierarchies. Caste systems are rigid and ascribed at birth, while class systems are more flexible and based on achieved status. Status hierarchies are determined by social prestige and recognition, which can vary across cultures.
3. How does social stratification affect individuals and society?
Ans. Social stratification affects individuals by influencing their access to resources such as education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. It can lead to social inequality, limit mobility, and perpetuate poverty. On a societal level, it can create tensions and conflicts between different social groups, impacting social cohesion and stability.
4. What role does education play in social stratification?
Ans. Education plays a crucial role in social stratification as it often determines an individual's social class and economic opportunities. Higher levels of education typically lead to better job prospects and higher income, which can elevate one's social status. Conversely, limited access to quality education can reinforce existing inequalities.
5. How can social stratification be addressed or reduced?
Ans. Addressing social stratification requires comprehensive policies aimed at promoting equality and social justice. Strategies may include improving access to quality education, implementing fair labor practices, providing social welfare programs, and fostering inclusive economic growth. Additionally, raising awareness about discrimination and advocating for equal rights can help mitigate stratification.
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