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Solved Examples: Cell - The Unit of Life | NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET PDF Download

Q.1. Lignified cell wall is the characteristics feature of    [AMU 1998]
(a) Phloem
(b) Epidermal cells
(c) Cambrial cells
(d) Xylem cells
Ans: 
d
Solution:

Lignified cell wall is found in vascular tissues of the plants. Lignification of the cell wall is a complex process occurring exclusively in higher plants. The main function of lignified cell wall is to strengthen the plant vascular body.

Q.2. Cytoplasm of one cell is connected with other through    [CPMT 1996; AFMC 1999; AIIMS 2003]
(a) Cytoplasmic strands
(b) Plasmodesmata
(c) Torus
(d)Pit membrane
Ans: 
b
Solution:
Solved Examples: Cell - The Unit of Life | NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET

Q.3. The substance which makes up about 80% of cytoplasm and has unique structure    [CPMT 1971, 78, 84 kerala CET (Med.) 2002]                                
(a) Proteins
(b) Fats
(c) Minerals
(d) Water
Ans: 
d
Solution:

The cytoplasm consists of cytosol. The cytosol is a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water that fills much of the volume of a cell.

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FAQs on Solved Examples: Cell - The Unit of Life - NCERT Exemplar & Revision Notes for NEET

1. What is a cell and why is it considered the unit of life?
Ans. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It is considered the unit of life because all living things are composed of cells, and cells perform all the necessary functions for life, such as metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. Additionally, cells can exist as independent entities or form tissues and organs in multicellular organisms.
2. How do cells differ in structure and function in different organisms?
Ans. Cells can vary in structure and function across different organisms. For example, prokaryotic cells, found in bacteria, lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells, found in plants and animals, have a nucleus and various organelles. Additionally, certain cells in multicellular organisms may specialize in specific functions, such as nerve cells for transmitting signals or muscle cells for contraction.
3. What are the major components of a cell and their functions?
Ans. A cell is composed of various components, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles. The plasma membrane acts as a barrier, controlling the entry and exit of substances. The cytoplasm contains all the cellular contents, including the organelles, and serves as a site for metabolic reactions. Organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, have specific functions such as DNA storage, energy production, and protein synthesis, respectively.
4. How do cells reproduce and ensure the continuity of life?
Ans. Cells reproduce through the process of cell division. In unicellular organisms, cell division leads to the formation of two identical daughter cells. In multicellular organisms, cell division plays a crucial role in growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues and organs. During cell division, the genetic material is replicated and distributed equally to the daughter cells, ensuring the continuity of life.
5. What are the different types of cells and their characteristics?
Ans. Cells can be broadly classified into two types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, found in bacteria and archaea, lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are typically smaller and simpler in structure. Eukaryotic cells, found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists, have a nucleus and various organelles. They are generally larger and more complex in structure. Eukaryotic cells can further be categorized into plant cells and animal cells, each having specific features such as cell walls in plants and specialized organelles like chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells.
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