Sp3 Hybridisation Video Lecture - Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

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watching the video please make sure you
have watched part 1 2 bar 23 let's take
sp3 hybridization
so in sp3 we have 1s carbonyl and 3p
orbitals they hybridize and they form
four sp3 hybridized orbitals of equal in
energy and shape right example if you
see this is my 1s orbital 1 P 1 P 1 P
wait all these merged and they hybridize
to form this is my SP three hybrid
orbitals you are seeing there for sp3
heavy gobblers right and all are having
equal energies correct
and these have 25% s character and 75%
be correctly because there is only one s
and 3p involved right and it is straight
ahead tool in same with one not nine
point five degrees the angle correct
this is all about sp3 hybridized let's
take some examples on that and also note
that carbon with single bond goes for
sp3 hybridization so let us take some
example for this so let's take carbon
example of methane ch4 so carbon if you
see the electronic completion will be
one s to us - okay this is a electronic
emission of carbon so al the put this
kids box for the valence electrons
valence shell because that's what I am
bothered about so two ways to - t -
correct this is the electronic
configuration protocol if you see the
carbon carbon looks like this only
so you see 2 s 2 is 2 electron in the S
orbitals and 2p orbitals have one
electron that's the look of carbon atom
now what will happen one electron will
move four
one s2p
and we'll go to SBHC once again I'll
show you it is all 2 s 2 P 2 P 2 V 1
electron move from here to here and it
all became s pinkish red so you see now
now I got four sp3 hybridized orbitals
let's see
demo so I have four hydrogen molecule
coming towards this carbon and it became
like this now if you see I got four sp3
hybridized orbital that means all our 4s
or sp3 sp3 if you see all of this p
orbital assigned also I don't see extra
p orbital here or the P orbitals I got I
got four SP three hybrid orbitals
already feel energy and one electron
each light and this hydrogen also came
with one electron
since this orbital sp3 hybrid orbital of
carbon and this S orbital of hydrogen
both had one electron so they overlap
let me make the hydrogen electrons red
right so this overlap here also ABC this
is s orbital of hydrogen overlap with
sp3 hybrid orbitals of carbon because
both had single electron and that's
where the theory says overlap theories
if they have unpaired electrons the
orbitals are overlap
hello ABC s orbital of hydrogen and sp3
hybridized orbital of carbon overlap
because they have my electron each it
also they Ola and that's what if you see
the structure of ch4 is tetrahedral
experimentally also they have formed
this
and please note carbon also forms sp2
hybridized
in case of ethan and SP indesign so
carbon forms sp3 also sp2 also and SP
will take both these examples now thus I
want to explain the same shape using the
Vesper Theory also if you draw a
structure of a living structure of ch4
you find that carbon is not having any
lone pair so it is a case of zero lone
pair plus for Mon Pere so respiratory
stay is that if I have a molecule with
zero lone pair and four bond pair it has
to be tetrahedral that's what the shape
of ch4 is right so using respiratory
also we can get the same shape because
the rest better you see is that if I
have a molecule with the central atom
having zero lone pair and for bond pair
that means I believe a tetrahedral shape
and that's what shape of CH place let's
say some more examples of sp3
hybridization so nitrogen is it has
atomic number of seven slow electronic
and division is minus 2 2 s 2 2 D will
consider the outermost valence cell lab
2 s and 2 P 3 in this fashion this is my
2's will have two electrons and to ping
a lab 3 electrons each let us draw the
shape of nitrogen is outermost I am
going so this is my nitrogen to it's two
electrons and there are three P orbitals
each has one electrons correct now what
will happen is it will just go sp3
hybridization if you see here there is
no transfer of electron it just went
sp3 hybridization that's all let's see
how it comes it is like this so in this
case if you see the first sp3 hybrid
orbital is strained with two electrons
the second sp3 hi
let me ride sp3 on the scales this is
sp3 so this is sp3 so we got four SP
three hybrid orbitals right the first
sp3 is filled with two electrons so it
won't go for any overlapping or no bond
formation no pairing this sp3 orbital
has one electron this has one all these
three has one electron each C 1 1 1 and
this guy then the dark green has two
electrons now the hydrogen atoms will
form a bond with this because hydrogen
atoms also have s orbitals with unpaired
electrons right they will form the bond
correct hydrogen electrons are green in
color you can see that the form of God
that's what you see the shape was of F
of n is 3 it is like this I have minus
Sigma bond
Sigma bond Singham 1 and I have one lone
pair and this shape is exactly what I
can get drunk Vesper - correct you see
the Vesper Theory also it predicts the
same same because it has one lone pair
here if you see the moon bear and I have
my bond waves here let us say for
example of sp3 hybrid nation let's take
water so water in our water I have
oxygen will go for hybridization so
oxygen has atomic number of a that means
1 is to 2 is to 4 they will be bother
only about this part - s24
so let's drop this so I have two
molecules in two atoms in two electrons
in s orbital and four in be obvious
right now what will happen is let us
draw the structure out of water so I
have a outermost this is 2 s orbital
right it has 2 electron then is my T
orbital in the blue color has 2
electrons and my 2 mu P orbitals in
green color I mean because they have one
electrons right see these are all P
orbitals this end
but just it has to be later on the other
had one like transfer have four
different colors so that you can
understand this this is 2s2 electrons
you pee in blue electrons to be in green
one electron to clean green one like
this is how a oxygen molecule looks like
it will go for sp3 hybridization without
any transfer we see this was the case
and instantly to go one astutely
revelation okay you see such like that
if you have elation
now we see the way it works is it can go
for habitation like this in this case if
you see this I got four SP three hybrid
orbitals and out of that my 2 SP 3 have
inner orbitals had two electrons if you
see here two electrons each and the
other SP 3 have it has had one electron
each so these guys won't go for pairing
only these two orbitals these are all my
SP 3 this is SP 3 this is Miss B 3 this
is SP overall SP three hybrid orbitals
but two are filled with two electrons it
won't go for any overlapping each two
will go overlapping and that's all the
structure of water is if you see there
two orbitals like this and by Vesper
also it is the same structure right sp3
sp3 they are reserved my bond pairs and
these are my two lone pairs my lone
pairs are like this and my worn pair
thank you
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