Syllabus: Physics for Class 12 | Physics Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

 Page 1


CLASS XII (2023-24) CLASS XII (2025-26) 
PHYSICS (THEORY) 
Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70 
 
UNIT CHAPTERS MARKS 
Unit–I Electrostatics 
 
 
16 
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
Unit-II Current Electricity 
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 
 
 
 17 
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
Unit-IV 
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
Unit–V Electromagnetic Waves 
 
 
18 
 
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
Unit–VI Optics 
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
Unit–VII Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
 
 
12 
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Unit–VIII Atoms and Nuclei 
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
Unit–IX Electronic Devices 
 
7 
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices 
and Simple Circuits 
Total 70 
Page 2


CLASS XII (2023-24) CLASS XII (2025-26) 
PHYSICS (THEORY) 
Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70 
 
UNIT CHAPTERS MARKS 
Unit–I Electrostatics 
 
 
16 
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
Unit-II Current Electricity 
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 
 
 
 17 
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
Unit-IV 
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
Unit–V Electromagnetic Waves 
 
 
18 
 
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
Unit–VI Optics 
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
Unit–VII Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
 
 
12 
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Unit–VIII Atoms and Nuclei 
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
Unit–IX Electronic Devices 
 
7 
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices 
and Simple Circuits 
Total 70 
Unit I: Electrostatics  
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, 
forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. 
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric 
field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 
Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely 
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical 
shell (field inside and outside). 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
 
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and 
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point 
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. 
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics 
and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and 
in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium 
between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). 
 
Unit II: Current Electricity  
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
 
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and 
their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), 
electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence 
of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination 
of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. 
 
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism  
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. 
 
Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. 
 
Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only 
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
Page 3


CLASS XII (2023-24) CLASS XII (2025-26) 
PHYSICS (THEORY) 
Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70 
 
UNIT CHAPTERS MARKS 
Unit–I Electrostatics 
 
 
16 
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
Unit-II Current Electricity 
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 
 
 
 17 
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
Unit-IV 
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
Unit–V Electromagnetic Waves 
 
 
18 
 
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
Unit–VI Optics 
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
Unit–VII Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
 
 
12 
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Unit–VIII Atoms and Nuclei 
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
Unit–IX Electronic Devices 
 
7 
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices 
and Simple Circuits 
Total 70 
Unit I: Electrostatics  
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, 
forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. 
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric 
field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 
Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely 
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical 
shell (field inside and outside). 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
 
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and 
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point 
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. 
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics 
and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and 
in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium 
between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). 
 
Unit II: Current Electricity  
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
 
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and 
their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), 
electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence 
of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination 
of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. 
 
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism  
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. 
 
Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. 
 
Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only 
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
 
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel 
current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in 
uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, 
moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
 
 
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field 
intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis 
(qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic 
field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. 
Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, 
Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. 
 
 
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents  
 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and 
mutual induction. 
 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
 
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and 
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, 
wattless current. AC generator, Transformer. 
 
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves 
   
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
 
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their 
transverse nature (qualitative idea only). 
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, 
gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses. 
 
 
Page 4


CLASS XII (2023-24) CLASS XII (2025-26) 
PHYSICS (THEORY) 
Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70 
 
UNIT CHAPTERS MARKS 
Unit–I Electrostatics 
 
 
16 
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
Unit-II Current Electricity 
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 
 
 
 17 
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
Unit-IV 
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
Unit–V Electromagnetic Waves 
 
 
18 
 
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
Unit–VI Optics 
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
Unit–VII Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
 
 
12 
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Unit–VIII Atoms and Nuclei 
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
Unit–IX Electronic Devices 
 
7 
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices 
and Simple Circuits 
Total 70 
Unit I: Electrostatics  
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, 
forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. 
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric 
field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 
Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely 
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical 
shell (field inside and outside). 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
 
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and 
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point 
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. 
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics 
and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and 
in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium 
between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). 
 
Unit II: Current Electricity  
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
 
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and 
their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), 
electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence 
of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination 
of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. 
 
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism  
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. 
 
Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. 
 
Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only 
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
 
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel 
current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in 
uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, 
moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
 
 
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field 
intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis 
(qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic 
field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. 
Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, 
Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. 
 
 
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents  
 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and 
mutual induction. 
 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
 
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and 
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, 
wattless current. AC generator, Transformer. 
 
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves 
   
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
 
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their 
transverse nature (qualitative idea only). 
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, 
gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses. 
 
 
Unit VI: Optics  
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total 
internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, 
lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, 
refraction of light through a prism. 
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) 
and their magnifying powers. 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
 
Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at 
a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s 
principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No 
derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, 
diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). 
 
Unit VII:       Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter  
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's 
photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. 
Experimental study of photoelectric effect 
Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. 
 
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei  
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen 
atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, 
hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
 
Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force 
 
Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass 
number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion. 
Page 5


CLASS XII (2023-24) CLASS XII (2025-26) 
PHYSICS (THEORY) 
Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70 
 
UNIT CHAPTERS MARKS 
Unit–I Electrostatics 
 
 
16 
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
Unit-II Current Electricity 
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 
 
 
 17 
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
Unit-IV 
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
Unit–V Electromagnetic Waves 
 
 
18 
 
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
Unit–VI Optics 
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
Unit–VII Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
 
 
12 
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Unit–VIII Atoms and Nuclei 
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
Unit–IX Electronic Devices 
 
7 
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices 
and Simple Circuits 
Total 70 
Unit I: Electrostatics  
 
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 
 
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, 
forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. 
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric 
field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 
Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely 
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical 
shell (field inside and outside). 
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 
 
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and 
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point 
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. 
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics 
and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and 
in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium 
between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). 
 
Unit II: Current Electricity  
 
Chapter–3: Current Electricity 
 
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and 
their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), 
electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence 
of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination 
of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. 
 
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism  
 
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. 
 
Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. 
 
Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only 
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
 
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel 
current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in 
uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, 
moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. 
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 
 
 
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field 
intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis 
(qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic 
field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. 
Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, 
Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. 
 
 
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents  
 
 
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and 
mutual induction. 
 
 
Chapter–7: Alternating Current 
 
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and 
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, 
wattless current. AC generator, Transformer. 
 
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves 
   
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves 
 
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their 
transverse nature (qualitative idea only). 
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, 
gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses. 
 
 
Unit VI: Optics  
 
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 
 
Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total 
internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, 
lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, 
refraction of light through a prism. 
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) 
and their magnifying powers. 
 
Chapter–10: Wave Optics 
 
Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at 
a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s 
principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No 
derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, 
diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). 
 
Unit VII:       Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter  
 
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's 
photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. 
Experimental study of photoelectric effect 
Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. 
 
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei  
 
Chapter–12: Atoms 
 
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen 
atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, 
hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). 
Chapter–13: Nuclei 
 
Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force 
 
Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass 
number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion. 
 
Unit IX: Electronic Devices  
 
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits 
Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic 
and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction 
Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction 
diode -diode as a rectifier.