Table of contents | |
Congress of Vienna | |
Holly Alliance and Concert of Europe | |
Monroe Doctrine | |
Lack of Democracy |
The Congress of Vienna was a gathering held in 1814–15 to reorganize Europe following the Napoleonic Wars and the defeat of Napoleon. The final Act of Congress was signed on June 9, 1815. France was dealt with separately by the second Treaty of Paris in 1815. All European states except Turkey were represented at the Congress.
Principal Participants: The main business of the Congress was conducted by the four Great Powers who played a crucial role in overthrowing Napoleon:
Immediate Challenges: The Congress aimed to redraft Europe’s political map, isolate France, dampen her revolutionary ideas, restore traditional order, and re-establish the balance of power disrupted by Napoleon.
German Confederation:
The Congress of Vienna marked the victory of reactionary forces, aiming to restore pre-revolutionary conditions as closely as possible. While the Vienna treaties were backed by the collective guarantees of the Powers, past experiences highlighted the need for a mechanism to ensure closer international cooperation for European peace. Two proposals emerged:
Holy Alliance:
Quadruple Alliance:
Objectives:
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