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The Extremist Phase (1905-1918) Video Lecture | History for UPSC CSE

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1. What is the Extremist Phase in the context of 1905-1918?
Ans. The Extremist Phase refers to a period between 1905 and 1918 characterized by increased radicalism and revolutionary activities in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule. During this phase, nationalist leaders adopted more extreme methods, including violent protests, boycotts, and revolutionary activities.
2. Who were the prominent leaders of the Extremist Phase?
Ans. The Extremist Phase saw the emergence of several prominent nationalist leaders. Some of the notable leaders during this period were Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Lala Lajpat Rai. These leaders played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses and advocating for more radical means of resistance against British rule.
3. What were the major events that occurred during the Extremist Phase?
Ans. The Extremist Phase witnessed several significant events in India's struggle for independence. Some of the notable events include the partition of Bengal in 1905, the Swadeshi movement, the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906, the Surat Split within the Indian National Congress in 1907, and the emergence of revolutionary groups like the Anushilan Samiti and the Ghadar Party.
4. How did the Extremist Phase impact the Indian nationalist movement?
Ans. The Extremist Phase had a profound impact on the Indian nationalist movement. It led to the radicalization of the movement, with a shift towards more aggressive and confrontational methods against British rule. The Extremist leaders played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses and creating a strong sense of national consciousness among the people.
5. What were the reasons for the decline of the Extremist Phase after 1918?
Ans. Several factors contributed to the decline of the Extremist Phase after 1918. The outbreak of World War I in 1914 diverted attention and resources towards the war effort, weakening the nationalist movement. Additionally, the government's repressive measures, including the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919, led to a shift towards more moderate approaches, ultimately leading to the rise of the Gandhian era in the Indian freedom struggle.
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