Ans: Taxonomy
Q2: The highest category of classification is called _______________.
View AnswerAns: Kingdom
Q3: The five-kingdom classification system was proposed by _______________.
View AnswerAns: R.H. Whittaker
Q4: Bacteria that can live in extreme conditions are called _______________.
View AnswerAns: Extremophiles
Q5: The process of classifying organisms based on their evolutionary history is known as _______________.
View AnswerAns: Phylogenetic Classification
Ans:
Ans: (a) Autotrophic nutrition
Q2: Which of the following is a prokaryotic organism?
(a) Fungi
(b) Bacteria
(c) Protista
(d) Plantae
Ans: (b) Bacteria
Q3: The five-kingdom classification system is based on:
(a) Only habitat
(b) Both structure and habitat
(c) Only cell structure
(d) Only evolutionary history
Ans: (b) Both structure and habitat
Q4: Which kingdom includes organisms that lack a true nucleus?
(a) Animalia
(b) Plantae
c) Monera
(d) Protista
Ans: (c) Monera
Q5: The process of photosynthesis occurs in which kingdom?
(a) Animalia
(b) Plantae
(c) Fungi
(d) Protista
Ans: (b) Plantae
Ans: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
Q2: Assertion: Bacteria and Archaea belong to the same kingdom in the five-kingdom classification system.
Reason: They share similar cell wall composition.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Ans: (c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
Solution: The organism is likely an Annelid, specifically an Earthworm. Annelids are characterized by their soft, segmented bodies and jointed appendages. They belong to the phylum Annelida.
Case 2: A scientist discovered a new microorganism with a unique cell wall composition of peptidoglycan and the ability to perform photosynthesis. Explain how this microorganism should be classified in the five-kingdom classification system.
Solution: This microorganism should be classified in the Kingdom Monera. Monera includes bacteria, and the presence of peptidoglycan in the cell wall is a characteristic feature of bacteria. The ability to perform photosynthesis suggests that it belongs to a subgroup of bacteria known as Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae.
Ans: The five-kingdom classification system provides a systematic and organized way to categorize and classify living organisms. It helps in:
Q2: Differentiate between homologous and analogous organs with examples.
View AnswerAns: Homologous organs have a common evolutionary origin but may serve different functions, while analogous organs have different evolutionary origins but serve similar functions.
Q3: Why are viruses not classified in any of the five kingdoms of the classification system?
View AnswerAns: Viruses are not classified in any of the five kingdoms because they do not possess the characteristics of living organisms. They lack cellular structure, metabolic processes, and the ability to reproduce independently. Viruses are considered as biological entities but fall outside the traditional classification system due to their unique properties.
Q4: What is phylogenetic classification, and how does it differ from the traditional five-kingdom classification?
Ans: Phylogenetic classification is a classification system based on evolutionary relationships among organisms. It differs from the traditional five-kingdom classification in that it takes into account genetic and evolutionary information, rather than solely relying on observable characteristics. Phylogenetic classification groups organisms into clades or groups based on shared ancestry, resulting in a more accurate representation of evolutionary history.
Q5: Explain the concept of binomial nomenclature with an example.
View AnswerAns: Binomial nomenclature is a naming system in which each species is given a two-part scientific name, consisting of the genus name (capitalized) and the species name (lowercase), both in italics or underlined.
Example: Homo sapiens
Q6: Who introduced the five kingdom classification of organisms?
View AnswerAns: R.H. Whittaker (1969)
Q7: To which kingdom the multicellular decomposers belong?
View AnswerAns: Kingdom fungus.
Q8: Expand PPLO.
View AnswerAns: Pleuro pneumonia like organisms.
Q9: Give one example of a fungus as a soure of antibiotics?
View AnswerAns: Penicillium is the genus which is the source of an antibiotic penicillin. Penicillium is known as green & blue moulds. Penicillium chryosogenum (P.notatum) is utilized for production of antibiotic penicillin.
Q10: How are viroids different from viruses?
Ans: VIRIODS
VIRUSES
Q1: Describe the characteristics of the Kingdom Fungi and explain the ecological significance of fungi in ecosystems.
Ans: Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi:
Ecological Significance of Fungi:
Q2: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the three-domain system of classification as compared to the five-kingdom classification system.
View AnswerAns:
Three-Domain System:
Five-Kingdom Classification:
Q3: Discuss the salient features of viruses with the help of diagram?
View AnswerAns: Features of viruses:
Q4: Write the distinct characters of fungi & explain using a diagram.
View AnswerAns:
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3. What are the different levels of biological classification? |
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5. What are the criteria used for biological classification? |
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