World Organisations Notes | Lucent for GK - UPSC PDF Download

The Oldest Intergovernmental Organizations

The world's oldest intergovernmental organizations have a rich history and have paved the way for many others. Among them, we find the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and the United Nations (UN). The UPU, established in 1874, holds a special place as a UN organization, contributing to international postal services.

The European Union

The European Union (EU) stands as a testament to the power of cooperation among nations. Initially formed to promote economic and political unity among European countries after the devastation of World War II, the EU has grown to encompass 27 member countries. It operates as a cohesive bloc with 19 nations sharing the euro as their official currency, fostering economic prosperity and peace among its members.

The World Bank

The World Bank Group (WBG) was founded after World War II with the mission to support nations with moderate or low income in their development efforts. Empowering people to combat poverty through financial assistance, consulting, and training, the World Bank aims to create a more equitable world.

Interpol

As the largest international police organization, Interpol serves as a critical entity for global law enforcement collaboration and crime control. With its headquarters in Lyon, France, Interpol's widespread presence ensures that it can aid police forces in all of its 195 member states, promoting international security.

Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

The FAO, established in 1945 by the United Nations, focuses on combating world hunger by promoting sustainable agriculture through policy dissemination and knowledge sharing. By modernizing agricultural practices, the FAO strengthens local economies and helps eliminate food insecurity.

G-20

Initially established as a forum for finance ministers and central bank governors, the G-20 has evolved into a platform for addressing broader global issues, including climate change and terrorism. Comprising 19 countries and the European Union, the G-20 strives to foster economic recovery and positive social change worldwide.

Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

The FATF, based in Paris, was created to combat money laundering and later expanded its scope to include the fight against terror financing. With 39 member countries and several observers, including the World Bank and IMF, the FATF plays a critical role in safeguarding the global financial system.

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the WTO was established to regulate and support international trade. With 164 member countries representing over 96% of global GDP and trade, the WTO's actions have a significant impact on the world economy.

World Health Organization (WHO)

A United Nations organization, the WHO is responsible for safeguarding international public health. With its field offices and regional entities, the WHO plays a crucial role in responding to health crises and promoting global health initiatives.

Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth, comprising 54 member states, is an international political association with a focus on intergovernmental aspects. It fosters cooperation and collaboration among its diverse member countries.

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

Initially proposed by former Bangladesh President General Ziaur Rahman, SAARC brings together South Asian nations to promote regional cooperation. With Afghanistan becoming its eighth member, SAARC operates on the principle of consensus, seeking to address shared challenges in the region.

The G-7 and WEF

The G-7 comprises major industrialized economies (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK, and the US) discussing global economic and monetary issues. Meanwhile, the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland, brings together political and corporate leaders to address pressing global challenges.

OPEC

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), consisting of 13 member countries, collaborates to stabilize oil prices in the global market, impacting the world's economy.

Conclusion

Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) have emerged as key players in the ever-evolving global landscape, fostering cooperation, peace, and development. With their diverse missions and widespread impact, these organizations exemplify the power of international collaboration in creating a better world for all.