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Molecular Diagnosis: ElISA test Video Lecture | Biology Class 12 - NEET

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FAQs on Molecular Diagnosis: ElISA test Video Lecture - Biology Class 12 - NEET

1. What is an ELISA test?
Ans. An ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) test is a molecular diagnostic technique used to detect and measure the presence of specific molecules, such as proteins or antibodies, in a given sample. It is widely used in medical and research laboratories for various purposes, including diagnosing diseases and monitoring treatment responses.
2. How does an ELISA test work?
Ans. An ELISA test works by using specific antibodies that can bind to the target molecule of interest. The test involves several steps, including coating a surface (such as a microplate) with the target molecule, adding the sample containing the molecule, washing away unbound substances, and then adding an enzyme-linked antibody that can bind to the molecule. The enzyme produces a detectable signal, indicating the presence of the molecule in the sample.
3. What are the advantages of an ELISA test?
Ans. The advantages of an ELISA test include its high sensitivity and specificity, allowing for accurate detection of target molecules in a sample. It is a relatively simple and cost-effective technique that can be performed on a large number of samples simultaneously. Additionally, ELISA tests can be used for quantitative measurements, providing information about the concentration of the molecule in the sample.
4. What are some common applications of ELISA tests?
Ans. ELISA tests have a wide range of applications in various fields. In the medical field, they are commonly used for diagnosing infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and allergies. ELISA tests are also utilized in research laboratories for detecting and quantifying specific proteins, hormones, and antibodies. Furthermore, ELISA tests can be employed in the food industry to detect contaminants or allergens in food products.
5. Are there any limitations or considerations when using ELISA tests?
Ans. Yes, there are certain limitations and considerations when using ELISA tests. False-positive or false-negative results can occur due to various factors, such as cross-reactivity with similar molecules or interfering substances in the sample. It is important to carefully select and validate the antibodies used in the test to ensure specificity. Additionally, proper storage and handling of reagents, as well as following the recommended protocols, are crucial for obtaining reliable results.
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