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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Mechanical Properties of Fluids - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What are the different types of fluids mentioned in the NCERT textbook on Mechanical Properties of Fluids?
Ans. The NCERT textbook on Mechanical Properties of Fluids mentions two types of fluids: ideal fluids and real fluids. Ideal fluids are hypothetical fluids that do not have any viscosity or internal friction, while real fluids have viscosity and internal friction.
2. What is the significance of viscosity in fluids?
Ans. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. It determines how easily a fluid can flow and is crucial in understanding fluid dynamics. It plays a vital role in various applications such as lubrication, fluid mechanics, and transportation of fluids through pipes.
3. How can we determine the viscosity of a fluid?
Ans. The viscosity of a fluid can be determined using various methods. One common method is the capillary tube method, where the time taken for a given volume of fluid to flow through a capillary tube is measured. Another method is the rotational viscometer, where the torque required to rotate a cylindrical spindle immersed in the fluid is measured. Both methods help in determining the viscosity of a fluid.
4. What is the difference between compressible and incompressible fluids?
Ans. Compressible fluids are those that can be easily compressed under the application of external pressure, whereas incompressible fluids cannot be easily compressed. Gases are compressible fluids as their volume can be changed significantly by varying the pressure, while liquids are considered incompressible fluids as their volume remains relatively constant even under high pressure.
5. How does the presence of impurities affect the flow of fluids?
Ans. The presence of impurities in fluids can significantly affect their flow characteristics. Impurities can increase the viscosity of fluids, making them more resistant to flow. They can also cause blockages or restrictions in pipes, reducing the flow rate. Additionally, impurities can lead to turbulence and irregular flow patterns, affecting the overall efficiency and performance of fluid systems.
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