Mnemonics: Locomotion and Movement - Biology Class 11

This document will help you remember important information about Locomotion & Movement in a fun and easy way. Inside, you'll find mnemonics—memory tricks—that will make it easier for you to remember key concepts, examples related to Locomotion & Movement.

Whether you're studying for an exam, preparing for a quiz, or simply looking to enhance your understanding of Locomotion & Movement, these mnemonics will serve as valuable memory tools. Utilize them alongside your regular study routine to reinforce your knowledge and increase your recall ability.

Happy mnemonic learning!

1. Axial Skeleton (Total: 80 bones)

Mnemonic: "See Cool Faces, Ears, Happy Vertebrae Talking"

S = Skull (Total: 29 bones)
C = Cranial Bones (8 bones)
F = Facial Bones (14 bones)
E = Ear Ossicles (6 bones)
H = Hyoid Bone (1 bone)
V = Vertebrae (26 bones including cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx)
T = Thoracic Cage (sternum + ribs)

(i) Skull (Total: 29 bones)

Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement | Biology Class 11 - NEET

(a) Cranial Bones (8 bones): Protects the brain.

Mnemonic: "PEST OF 6"

P = Parietal (2)
E = Ethmoid (1)
S = Sphenoid (1)
T = Temporal (2)
O = Occipital (1)
F = Frontal (1)

(b) Facial Bones (14 bones): Framework of the face.

Mnemonic: "Various men love Zomato & like Maggi, Pizza, Nachos"

V = Vomer (1)
M = Maxilla (2)
L = Lacrimal (2)
Z = Zygomatic (2)
L = Lower Jaw (Mandible, 1)
M = Middle Nasal Concha (Inferior nasal concha, 2)
P = Palatine (2)
N = Nasal (2)

(c) Ear Ossicles (6 bones): Involved in hearing.

Mnemonic: "MIS" (repeat each for two ears)

M = Malleus (2)
I = Incus (2)
S = Stapes (2)

(d) Hyoid Bone (1 bone): Supports the tongue.

Mnemonic: "Hyoid Holds"

H = Hyoid (1)

(ii) Vertebral Column (Total: 26 bones)

Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement | Biology Class 11 - NEET

Mnemonic: "Clever Tom Loves Seeing Cats"

C = Cervical (7)
T = Thoracic (12)
L = Lumbar (5)
S = Sacrum (1, fused)
C = Coccyx (1, fused)

(iii) Thoracic Cage (Total: 25 bones)

Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement | Biology Class 11 - NEET

Mnemonic: "Ribs Ringing Silently"

R = Ribs (24 bones: 12 pairs)
S = Sternum (1 bone)

2. Appendicular Skeleton (Total: 126 bones)

(i)Upper Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

Mnemonic: "Hurry, Read Unique Comics, Maybe Plan"

H = Humerus (2)
R = Radius (2)
U = Ulna (2)
C = Carpals (16; 8 per wrist)
M = Metacarpals (10; 5 per hand)
P = Phalanges (28; 14 per hand)

(ii) Lower Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

Mnemonic: "Feel Tall, Flex, Pat, Try Many Paths"

F = Femur (2)
T = Tibia (2)
F = Fibula (2)
P = Patella (2)
T = Tarsals (14; 7 per ankle)
M = Metatarsals (10; 5 per foot)
P = Phalanges (28; 14 per foot)

(iii) Pectoral Girdle (Total: 4 bones)

Mnemonic: "Shoulders Clap"

S = Scapula (2)
C = Clavicle (2)

(iv) Pelvic Girdle (Total: 2 bones)

Mnemonic: "Hip’s Part"

H = Hip bones (2; each formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis)

3. Types of Joints

Mnemonic: "Fibers Can't Stretch, But Hands Prefer Gliding Smoothly"

(i) F = Fibrous Joints: No movement.

Example: Cranium (Skull sutures).

(ii) C = Cartilaginous Joints: Limited movement.

Example: Spine (Between vertebrae).

(iii) S = Synovial Joints: Free movement.

B = Ball and Socket: Shoulder (Humerus and pectoral girdle).
H = Hinge: Knee.
P = Pivot: Neck (between atlas and axis).
G = Gliding: Wrist (between carpals).
S = Saddle: Thumb (between carpal and metacarpal).

FAQs on Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement - Biology Class 11 - NEET

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1. What are the main components of the axial skeleton?

Ans. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones, which include the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. The skull is made up of 22 bones, the vertebral column contains 26 vertebrae, and the rib cage is composed of 24 ribs along with the sternum.

2. How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton and what does it include?

Ans. The appendicular skeleton has a total of 126 bones. It includes the bones of the limbs (upper and lower), the pelvic girdle, and the pectoral girdle. The upper limbs consist of the humerus, radius, and ulna, while the lower limbs include the femur, tibia, and fibula.

3. What are the different types of joints in the human body?

Ans. There are three main types of joints in the human body: fibrous joints (immovable), cartilaginous joints (slightly movable), and synovial joints (freely movable). Synovial joints are further classified into various types such as hinge, ball-and-socket, pivot, and saddle joints.

4. How do joints contribute to movement and locomotion?

Ans. Joints facilitate movement by allowing bones to articulate or pivot around each other. They provide flexibility and a range of motion, which is essential for activities such as walking, running, and other forms of locomotion. The type of joint determines the extent and type of movement possible.

5. What is the importance of understanding the skeletal system for NEET preparation?

Ans. Understanding the skeletal system is crucial for NEET preparation as it forms a fundamental part of human anatomy. Questions related to bone structure, types of joints, and their functions frequently appear in the exam. A solid grasp of these concepts aids in answering related questions accurately and efficiently.

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Mnemonics: Locomotion & Movement | Biology Class 11 - NEET PDF Download

1. Axial Skeleton (Total: 80 bones)

(i) Skull (Total: 29 bones)

(ii) Vertebral Column (Total: 26 bones)

(iii) Thoracic Cage (Total: 25 bones)

2. Appendicular Skeleton (Total: 126 bones)

(i)Upper Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

(ii) Lower Limbs (Total: 60 bones)

3. Types of Joints

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