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Classifying Oxides
- Oxides are compounds formed by combining oxygen with another element
- Examples of oxides are MgO, ZnO, K2O, CO2, SO2, and H2O
- Oxides can be categorized based on their acid-base properties
Acid and Basic Oxides
- Acidic and basic oxides exhibit distinct pH values and properties
- Variations in pH arise from their connection to either a metal or a non-metal
- The nature of the element influences the acidity or basicity of the oxide
- Metals form basic oxides while non-metals form acidic oxides:
Acidic Oxides
- Acidic oxides are produced when a non-metal reacts with oxygen.
- They interact with bases to create salts and water.
- When dissolved in water, they generate an acidic solution with a low pH.
- Common examples include CO2, SO2, NO2, and SiO2.
Basic Oxides
- Basic oxides form when a metal combines with oxygen.
- They react with acids to produce salts and water.
- When dissolved in water, they result in a basic solution with a high pH.
- Common examples include CuO and CaO.
Question for Oxides
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Which type of oxide is formed when a non-metal combines with oxygen?View Solution
Amphoteric Oxides
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Neutral Oxides
- Some oxides, such as N2O, NO, and CO, do not react with acids or bases and are considered neutral.
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Amphoteric Oxides
- Amphoteric oxides can act as both acidic and basic depending on the reactant. They form salt and water in both cases.
- Examples of amphoteric oxides are zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
- The hydroxides of zinc and aluminum also exhibit amphoteric behavior.
- An example is aluminum oxide acting as a base in the reaction: Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O.
- When reacting with hydrochloric acid: Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
- Example of aluminium oxide behaving as an acid: Al2O3 + 2NaOH → 2NaAlO2 + H2O
- This dual behavior is not simply explained by proton exchange. The Lewis acid-base theory offers insight into these scenarios.
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FAQs on Oxides - Chemistry for Grade 11 (IGCSE)
| 1. What are amphoteric oxides? |  |
| 2. Can you provide examples of amphoteric oxides? | |
Ans. Some examples of amphoteric oxides include aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO).
| 3. How do amphoteric oxides react with acids? | |
Ans. Amphoteric oxides can react with acids to form salts and water. They can act as bases in these reactions.
| 4. How do amphoteric oxides react with bases? | |
Ans. Amphoteric oxides can react with bases to form salts and water. They can act as acids in these reactions.
| 5. What are the properties of amphoteric oxides that make them unique? | |
Ans. The ability of amphoteric oxides to exhibit both acidic and basic properties allows them to participate in a wide range of chemical reactions, making them versatile compounds in various industrial processes.
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About this Document
Apr 17, 2025
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Document Description: Oxides for Grade 11 2025 is part of Chemistry for Grade 11 (IGCSE) preparation.
The notes and questions for Oxides have been prepared according to the Grade 11 exam syllabus. Information about Oxides covers topics
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