UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Notes  >  Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly  >  UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly PDF Download

GS3/Science and Technology

What is Foot-and-mouth Disease (FMD)?

Source: The Hindu

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

Germany has reported its first outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in nearly four decades, affecting water buffalo near Berlin, highlighting the disease's significant impact on livestock health and economic stability.

  • Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting livestock.
  • The disease poses a substantial economic risk and disrupts trade in animals and animal products.
  • FMD does not affect human health and is distinct from hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Additional Details

  • Transmission: The virus is present in all excretions and secretions from infected animals, with a significant amount of aerosolized virus released during breathing, leading to potential respiratory or oral infection in other animals.
  • Species Affected: Cattle, swine, sheep, goats, and other cloven-hoofed ruminants are susceptible, while horses, dogs, and cats are not affected.
  • Symptoms: Common symptoms include fever, blister-like sores on the tongue, lips, and between hooves, leading to extreme lameness and reluctance to eat.
  • Mortality: While rarely fatal in adults, young animals often face high mortality rates.
  • Vaccination: Vaccines for FMD are available but must match the specific strain of the virus involved in an outbreak.

The outbreak in Germany serves as a reminder of the ongoing threat posed by foot-and-mouth disease to livestock health and the economic implications for farmers and the agricultural industry.


GS2/Polity

Understanding the Role and Influence of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India

Source: DD News
Why in News?

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India is currently in the spotlight due to a political controversy regarding its audit report on the substantial costs associated with the renovation of the former residence and office of Delhi Chief Minister, Arvind Kejriwal. The report revealed a significant cost escalation from an initial estimate of ₹7.91 crore to ₹33.66 crore, provoking fierce political debates ahead of the Delhi Assembly elections. Nevertheless, the CAG's responsibilities extend beyond political disputes, positioning it as a vital institution for auditing and promoting accountability in governance.

  • The CAG is the supreme audit institution of India, established under Articles 148-151 of the Constitution.
  • It is responsible for auditing the accounts of both the Union and State governments, including public sector undertakings (PSUs).
  • The CAG conducts compliance, performance, and financial audits to ensure adherence to laws and effectiveness of government schemes.
  • Challenges include delays in tabling reports in legislative bodies, which can undermine the impact of audits.

Additional Details

  • Powers and Responsibilities: The CAG's primary duties include auditing government accounts, certifying financial statements, and reviewing compliance with fiscal regulations as mandated by the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003.
  • Selection and Execution of Audits: The CAG follows a systematic approach to select audit subjects based on risk assessments, international guidelines, and recommendations from government or judicial bodies.
  • Impact of CAG Audits: CAG audits have significant implications, with past reports leading to major policy changes, such as the reforms triggered by the 2010 audit of 2G spectrum allocations.
  • The CAG's reports are only made public upon presentation in the legislature, followed by examination by the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) which plays a crucial role in scrutinizing audit findings.

In conclusion, the CAG plays a pivotal role in maintaining transparency and accountability within the governance framework of India. However, the absence of a stipulated timeline for tabling its reports can hinder its effectiveness. Enhancing the legislative review process and ensuring timely government responses can significantly bolster the CAG's contributions to public finance management. As the protector of public finances, the CAG is essential in fortifying India's democratic structure, with its influence reaching far beyond mere political controversies.


GS3/Science and Technology

GenomeIndia Project Completes Historic Milestone

Source: Times of India

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

The GenomeIndia project has successfully established a comprehensive database of 10,000 human genomes, encompassing 83 diverse population groups, which represents about 2% of India's extensive 4,600 population groups. This achievement marks a significant advancement in the field of genomics in India.

  • The project has completed genome sequencing for 10,000 individuals.
  • A total of approximately 27 million genetic variants have been identified, including 7 million unique low-frequency variants.
  • The genomic data is now available to researchers globally, promoting collaboration in the field of precision medicine.

Additional Details

  • Completion of Genome Sequencing: The successful sequencing of 10,000 human genomes has been archived at the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC) located in Faridabad, Haryana, reflecting India's unique genetic diversity.
  • Global Accessibility: The availability of this extensive genome data to international researchers is expected to enhance cooperation in genomics and precision medicine, allowing for tailored medical approaches.
  • Impact on Biotechnology: The project is anticipated to advance precision medicine, enabling targeted research into disease susceptibility and drug responses specific to the Indian population.
  • Challenges: There are significant concerns regarding data privacy, ethical implications, and the need for public trust surrounding the use of genetic data.

The GenomeIndia project not only exemplifies a landmark achievement in genomic research but also lays the foundation for future advancements in biotechnology and healthcare, while simultaneously highlighting the need for ethical considerations and public engagement in the use of genomic data.


GS3/Environment

Southern California Wildfires 2025

Source: CNN

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

Wildfires in Los Angeles, California, have tragically resulted in the deaths of 10 individuals, prompted the evacuation of over 130,000 residents, and destroyed numerous homes, including those belonging to celebrities such as Paris Hilton and Billy Crystal. Major wildfires, including the Palisades, Eaton, Sunset, Hurst, and Lidia fires, are persistently affecting areas like Hollywood Hills. Additionally, the announcement of the Oscars nominations has been postponed due to these destructive fires. While wildfires are a common occurrence in California, the severity and rapid spread of these winter wildfires are particularly unusual.

  • The wildfires have led to significant casualties and massive evacuations.
  • Major fires are ongoing in several prominent areas of Los Angeles.
  • The timing of these wildfires in January is atypical, as they usually occur during warmer months.

Additional Details

  • Origin and Timeline: The first fire ignited on January 7 in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood, marking it as the worst firestorm in recent history during an unusual winter month.
  • Unusual Timing and Drought Conditions: Wildfires generally take place between June and October; however, these fires are occurring amidst severe drought conditions, with only 40.9% of California drought-free as of December 31, 2024, down from 96.65% the previous year.
  • Key Factors Behind the Fires:
    • Wet weather followed by extreme dryness has created a buildup of dense vegetation, which was then dried out by an exceptionally dry winter.
    • A NASA report indicated that since October, Southern California has experienced minimal rainfall, with Los Angeles facing its driest start to a water year since 1944.
    • Santa Ana Winds: These winds are characterized by their speed and dryness, which significantly contribute to the rapid spread of wildfires.

In conclusion, the Southern California wildfires of 2025 highlight the alarming intersection of climate change, unusual weather patterns, and the region's susceptibility to wildfires, raising concerns about the future of wildfire management and preparedness in California.


GS2/Governance

Project Veer Gatha 4.0

Source: DD News

Why in News?

The fourth edition of Project ‘Veer Gatha 4.0’ has received an overwhelming response nationwide, coinciding with the Republic Day celebrations.

  • Launched in 2021 as part of ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’ to celebrate India's 75th year of independence.
  • Aims to raise awareness of the acts of bravery by Gallantry awardees and share their life stories.
  • Instills patriotism and civic values among students.
  • Joint initiative by the Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Education.

Additional Details

  • Project Evolution: The journey of Project Veer Gatha has been inspiring, expanding its reach across the country from Edition 1 to Edition 4.
  • Essay Topics: Students were encouraged to write essays on their chosen role models, especially focusing on Gallantry Award recipients and notable freedom fighters such as Rani Laxmibai and the 1857 First War of Independence.
  • The initiative also highlighted the significant role of Tribal Uprisings in India's Freedom Struggle.

The remarkable participation of 1.76 crore students from across India reflects the initiative's success in engaging the youth with the rich legacy of bravery and sacrifice.


GS3/Defence & Security

India’s Journey on the AI Military Bandwagon

Source: The Hindu

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

India is actively integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into its defence sector to enhance military capabilities. However, it faces several challenges that need to be addressed for effective implementation.

  • The integration of AI is set to transform military operations through improved analytics and autonomous systems.
  • India is focusing on modernization, highlighted by a significant defence budget allocated for innovative technologies.
  • To compete globally, India must develop a strategic vision for AI deployment in defence.

Additional Details

  • Enhanced Military Capabilities: The use of AI can significantly improve predictive analytics and decision-making in military operations.
  • Modernization Focus: With a defence budget of ₹6.21 lakh crore ($75 billion) for 2023-24, India is prioritizing the development of cutting-edge technologies, such as the Indrajaal autonomous drone security system.
  • Global Competitiveness: To match the advancements of countries like Israel and China, India recognizes the need for a clear strategy in AI integration.
  • Funding and Infrastructure: The high costs associated with data centres and infrastructure necessary for AI present significant barriers to integration.
  • Fragmented Policies: Current AI deployment policies are often inconsistent, lacking comprehensive guidelines specifically for military applications.
  • Inter-Service Silos: The independent operations of the Army, Navy, and Air Force complicate joint operations and interoperability.

Collaboration Between Public and Private Sectors

  • Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs): Collaborations between public sector units and private companies can enhance technological advancements and innovation in defence.
  • Knowledge Sharing: Collaborations with global tech firms, such as Microsoft, facilitate knowledge transfer crucial for building a robust AI ecosystem.
  • Accelerating Innovation: Engaging private sector expertise can lead to quicker development cycles and effective AI applications in military frameworks.

Way Forward

  • Strengthen Policy Frameworks: Develop cohesive policies for AI in defence focusing on accountability and interoperability across services.
  • Promote Public-Private Collaboration: Enhance partnerships to leverage private sector innovations and attract foreign investments for accelerated AI adoption.

In conclusion, while India is making strides in integrating AI into its military operations, it must address existing challenges through strategic partnerships and comprehensive policies to realize the full potential of AI in defence.


GS2/Governance

Blinkit’s ‘10-Minute’ Ambulances and the Spectre of a Larger Malady

Source: Indian Express

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

The increasing frequency of ambulance sirens in urban India reflects a rising demand for emergency medical services. This surge is primarily driven by escalating chronic illnesses and a higher incidence of road accidents, making ambulances a critical component of the healthcare delivery system. Nonetheless, the state of ambulance services in India highlights both advancements and ongoing challenges that require immediate attention.

  • Ambulance services are essential due to rising health emergencies and road accidents.
  • NGOs have played a pivotal role in the evolution of ambulance services since the 1980s.
  • The introduction of the 108 Emergency Response Service marked a significant improvement in emergency transport across India.
  • Private sector involvement has grown, presenting both opportunities and challenges for accessibility and affordability.
  • Regulatory reforms are needed to standardize ambulance services and ensure equitable access.

Additional Details

  • Evolution of Ambulance Services: The 1980s saw NGOs stepping in where public services fell short, particularly in Southern India, creating a foundation for organized ambulance networks.
  • State Government Initiatives: Programs targeting vulnerable populations were launched, with the National Rural Health Mission integrating ambulance services into a public-private partnership framework.
  • Private Sector Innovation: The emergence of private ambulance services, like Blinkit’s ‘10-minute’ service, aims to tackle urban challenges but raises concerns about accessibility for lower-income populations.
  • Specialized Services: The shift from Basic Life Support (BLS) to Advanced Life Support (ALS) and air ambulances indicates a growing need for sophisticated emergency care.
  • Regulatory Challenges: The absence of a clear definition for ambulance services leads to substandard practices, while a fragmented regulatory framework results in inefficiencies.
  • Traffic and Infrastructure Issues: Congested urban areas hinder ambulances, impacting timely medical responses during critical emergencies.

In conclusion, as the demand for ambulance services increases due to health emergencies, strategic planning, regulatory reforms, and investment in infrastructure are essential for developing a robust ambulance system in India. Addressing these needs will not only enhance service delivery but also save countless lives.


GS2/Governance

Meta's New Move: Community Notes

Source: Indian Express

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

Meta has recently announced the termination of its independent fact-checking program in the United States, which has led to significant criticism and debate regarding the handling of misinformation on its social media platforms.

  • Meta's new strategy replaces traditional fact-checks with a Community Notes system.
  • The shift affects content moderation on Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Threads.
  • Community Notes allows users to provide context to flagged posts, similar to a system previously implemented by X (formerly Twitter).

Additional Details

  • Meta’s Fact-Checking Initiative: Over nine years ago, Meta initiated an independent fact-checking program aimed at combating false information, which was later expanded due to concerns over misinformation from Russian disinformation campaigns during the 2016 US presidential election.
  • How the Program Worked: Content identified as false by certified fact-checkers was made less visible, and users were provided with warning labels linking to fact-checkers' articles.
  • Meta’s Shift in Strategy: The company has criticized the previous fact-checking system as flawed, claiming bias among fact-checkers affected their assessments.
  • IFCN’s Response: The International Fact-Checking Network rejected Meta's assertions, maintaining that its fact-checkers adhere to principles ensuring non-partisanship and transparency.
  • Political Pressures: Experts suggest that Meta’s decision may have been influenced by political pressures, particularly criticisms related to perceived censorship of conservative viewpoints.
  • About Community Notes: Originally launched as Birdwatch on X, Community Notes enables users to rate and provide context for posts deemed misleading, including reasoning and source links. This system is designed to improve through user participation and diverse perspectives.

In conclusion, Meta's implementation of the Community Notes system marks a significant shift in its approach to misinformation, aiming to enhance user engagement and participation in the fact-checking process while facing challenges related to manipulation and effectiveness.


GS1/History & Culture

Download the notes
UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025
Download as PDF
Download as PDF

18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas Convention in Odisha

Source: PIB

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

The Prime Minister has inaugurated the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas convention. This year's theme is centered around the “Diaspora’s contribution to a Viksit Bharat”, highlighting the significant role of the Indian diaspora in the development of the nation.

  • Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) is a flagship event by the Ministry of External Affairs.
  • The event commemorates the contributions of Indians abroad and is held biennially on January 9.
  • This date marks the return of Mahatma Gandhi from South Africa in 1915.
  • The location of the convention varies to reflect the diversity of India.

Additional Details

  • Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD): The convention is designed to honor the achievements of the Indian diaspora and is celebrated every two years.
  • Girmitiyas: These were indentured laborers from British India sent to various countries during the 19th and early 20th centuries under contractual agreements.
  • They worked in locations such as Fiji, Mauritius, South Africa, and others, under contracts that lasted from 3 to 5 years.

Contributions of the Indian Diaspora

  • Economic Contributions: In 2024, remittances to India reached $129.1 billion, constituting 14.3% of global remittances.
  • Professional Contributions: Approximately 73% of Indian-Americans are engaged in high-skill sectors, enhancing trade and investment between India and global markets.
  • Cultural and Soft Power: The diaspora promotes Indian culture globally through Bollywood, Yoga, and festivals like Diwali.
  • Global Presence: The Indian diaspora consists of around 31.3 million people living in countries such as the USA, UAE, and Malaysia.

The 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas serves as a vital platform for recognizing the contributions of the Indian diaspora in various domains, showcasing their critical role in the socio-economic fabric of both India and their resident countries.


GS2/International Relations

Indonesia Officially Joins BRICS as the 11th Member

Source: Indian Express

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

Indonesia has been officially welcomed as a full member of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) during the 2023 BRICS Summit held in Johannesburg. This decision received unanimous approval from the current members and was announced by the nation holding the BRICS presidency in 2025.

  • BRICS now includes Indonesia, expanding its membership to 11 nations.
  • The group emphasizes political, economic, and cultural cooperation among member states.
  • BRICS aims to promote a multipolar world and enhance collaboration among developing nations.

Additional Details

  • BRICS: A coalition of emerging economies committed to fostering economic growth, development cooperation, and reform in global governance.
  • Current Members: The original BRICS members are Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, with recent additions including Indonesia, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the UAE.
  • Significance of BRICS: It acts as a crucial driver of global economic growth, contributing 24% of global GDP and over 16% of global trade.
  • Challenges: BRICS faces diverging interests among members, economic disparities, and geopolitical pressures that test its cohesion.

Indonesia's inclusion in BRICS marks a significant step towards enhancing the bloc's influence in the Global South, as it seeks to address common challenges such as poverty and climate change while advocating for a multipolar global order.


GS3/Environment

Take a Practice Test
Test yourself on topics from UPSC exam
Practice Now
Practice Now

World Meteorological Organization

Source: Fortune India

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has officially confirmed that 2024 is the warmest year on record, as indicated by six international datasets.

  • The WMO is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
  • It focuses on fostering international cooperation in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, and geophysics.
  • Established in 1950, the WMO was preceded by the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which was founded in 1873.
  • The organization serves as the authoritative voice on the Earth's atmosphere, ocean interactions, climate, and water resources distribution.

Additional Details

  • Governance Structure:
    • World Meteorological Congress: The supreme governing body that includes representatives from all member states, meeting at least every four years to set policies and adopt regulations.
    • Executive Council: Comprising 36 members, it meets annually to implement the policies established by the Congress.
    • Secretariat: Headed by a secretary-general appointed for a four-year term, it acts as the administrative hub of the WMO.
  • Membership: The WMO has a total of 193 members, which includes 187 member states and 6 territories, each maintaining its own meteorological services.
  • Headquarters: The organization is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

In summary, the WMO plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing climate-related issues on a global scale, especially as it reports record temperatures that highlight the urgency of climate action.


GS1/Geography

Gulf of Mexico

Source: Indian Express

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & MonthlyWhy in News?

Recently, the US President-elect proposed a controversial change to the name of the Gulf of Mexico, suggesting it be renamed the “Gulf of America.” This proposal has sparked discussions regarding geographical naming conventions and national identity.

  • The Gulf of Mexico is located along the southeastern coast of North America.
  • It connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the Straits of Florida and the Caribbean Sea via the Yucatán Channel.
  • Recognized as the world's largest gulf, it is often termed the “Mediterranean of the Americas.”

Additional Details

  • Geographical Significance: The Gulf is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean formed by seafloor subsidence due to tectonic plate movements.
  • Climate: The region exhibits diverse climatic conditions, ranging from tropical to subtropical, and is prone to severe weather phenomena such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and thunderstorms.
  • Major Rivers: The Mississippi and Rio Grande are the primary rivers flowing into the Gulf, contributing to its ecosystem.
  • Natural Resources: The continental shelf of the Gulf is rich in petroleum and natural gas deposits, making it a significant area for energy resources.

The Gulf of Mexico plays a crucial role in the geography, economy, and climate of the region, and any proposed changes to its name could have broader implications for national identity and environmental policy.


The document UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly is a part of the UPSC Course Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly.
All you need of UPSC at this link: UPSC
Are you preparing for UPSC Exam? Then you should check out the best video lectures, notes, free mock test series, crash course and much more provided by EduRev. You also get your detailed analysis and report cards along with 24x7 doubt solving for you to excel in UPSC exam. So join EduRev now and revolutionise the way you learn!
Sign up for Free Download App for Free
39 videos|4566 docs|979 tests

Up next

Up next

Explore Courses for UPSC exam
Related Searches

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

Weekly & Monthly

,

Viva Questions

,

study material

,

practice quizzes

,

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily

,

video lectures

,

Extra Questions

,

Semester Notes

,

pdf

,

Important questions

,

Exam

,

Weekly & Monthly

,

Summary

,

Weekly & Monthly

,

Free

,

ppt

,

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily

,

past year papers

,

UPSC Daily Current Affairs: 11th January 2025 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily

,

Objective type Questions

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

MCQs

,

Sample Paper

,

mock tests for examination

;