All questions of February 2024 for UPSC CSE Exam

Which of the following statements best describes the term ‘Triffin dilemma’? 
  • a)
    Role of government intervention and fiscal policy to stabilize the economy and prevent recessions. 
  • b)
    A framework for understanding how to strike a balance between cooperation and competition for strategic decision-making. 
  • c)
    Conflict of economic interests that arises between short-term domestic and long-term international objectives for countries whose currencies serve as global reserve currencies. 
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Desai answered
Explanation:
The Triffin dilemma refers to the conflict of economic interests that arises between short-term domestic objectives and long-term international objectives for countries whose currencies serve as global reserve currencies. Here's a detailed explanation:

Short-term Domestic Objectives:
- Countries that have their currencies serving as global reserve currencies often face the pressure to maintain low interest rates and provide liquidity to the global economy to stimulate growth. This is in the short-term interest of these countries as it helps boost their own economic performance and maintain their currency's status as a reserve currency.

Long-term International Objectives:
- However, in the long term, this practice can lead to a build-up of imbalances and vulnerabilities in the global financial system. By running persistent trade deficits to supply enough of their currency to meet global demand, these countries risk eroding confidence in their currency and destabilizing the international monetary system.

Resolution of the Dilemma:
- The Triffin dilemma highlights the inherent tension between the need for global liquidity and the stability of the international monetary system. It underscores the challenges faced by countries like the United States, whose currency, the US dollar, serves as the world's primary reserve currency. Balancing short-term domestic objectives with long-term international considerations is crucial to address this dilemma effectively.
In conclusion, the Triffin dilemma encapsulates the complex trade-offs that countries with global reserve currencies must navigate to ensure economic stability both domestically and internationally.

Gaza strip, often seen in the news, shares border with which of the following countries?
  1. Syria
  2. Israel
  3. Jordan
  4. Egypt
Select the correct answer code:
  • a)
    1, 2, 3 
  • b)
    2, 4 
  • c)
    2, 3, 4 
  • d)
    1, 4
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Suyash Saha answered
Bordering Countries of Gaza Strip:
The Gaza Strip, a small self-governing Palestinian territory, shares a border with only two countries:

Israel:
Israel is located to the east of the Gaza Strip and shares a border with it. The relationship between Israel and the Gaza Strip has been fraught with conflict and tensions for many years.

Egypt:
Egypt is situated to the south of the Gaza Strip and also shares a border with it. Egypt plays a significant role in the political and economic dynamics of the Gaza Strip.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B) 2, 4, as Gaza Strip shares a border with Israel and Egypt.

Consider the following statements.
  1. All life on Earth is carbon based.
  2. Organic molecules contain carbon atoms that are bonded only to hydrogen atoms.
  3. The presence of CH3+ in space tells us that basic building blocks for life exists there.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?



Correct Answer: b) Only two

Explanation:

Organic molecules contain carbon atoms that are bonded only to hydrogen atoms. This statement is correct as organic molecules are compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.

All life on Earth is carbon based.
This statement is correct as all known life on Earth is carbon-based. Carbon is a key element in the molecules that make up living organisms.

The presence of CH3+ in space tells us that basic building blocks for life exists there.
This statement is not entirely correct. The presence of CH3+ in space does suggest the existence of basic building blocks for life, as it is a simple organic molecule. However, it does not definitively prove the presence of life itself in that specific location.

Therefore, only the first two statements are correct, making the correct answer option b) Only two.

Consider the following pairs.
  1. Commutation: Substitution of a harsher punishment with a lighter one
  2. Respite: Reducing the sentence period without changing its character
  3. Remission:Awarding a lesser sentence due to special circumstances
  4. Reprieve: Temporary stay of sentence execution to seek pardon or commutation
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Prateek Kumar answered
Explanation:

Correct statement:
- The correct statement is "Respite: Reducing the sentence period without changing its character."

Incorrect statements:
- Commutation does not involve substituting a harsher punishment with a lighter one. Commutation refers to reducing a sentence, usually from a death sentence to life imprisonment.
- Remission does not involve awarding a lesser sentence due to special circumstances. Remission refers to reducing the severity of a sentence based on good behavior or other factors.
- Reprieve is not a temporary stay of sentence execution to seek pardon or commutation. A reprieve is a temporary delay in carrying out a sentence, often to allow time for legal appeals or further consideration.

Therefore, only the statement about Respite accurately describes the concept.

The Government started the MAARG portal, that aims to 
  • a)
    Promote bioenergy usage and create an investor-friendly ecosystem based on circular economy 
  • b)
    Reimburse the expense incurred by the new startup ventures 
  • c)
    Facilitate mentorship for start-ups across diverse sectors 
  • d)
    Extend financial aid required for the development expenses of Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects in the infrastructure sector.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Divey Sethi answered
The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has launched a call for startup applications for registration on the MAARG portal, the National Mentorship Platform by Startup India.
MAARG portal – Mentorship, Advisory, Assistance, Resilience and Growth, is a one stop platform to facilitate mentorship for startups across diverse sectors, functions, stages, geographies, and backgrounds. The objectives of the MAARG portal are –
  • To provide sector focused guidance, handholding, and support to startups throughout their lifecycle
  • To establish a formalized and structured platform that facilitates intelligent matchmaking between the mentors and their respective mentees
To facilitate efficient and expert mentorship for startups and build an outcome-oriented mechanism that allows timely tracking of the mentor-mentee engagements

Consider the following statements.
  1. Core inflation is a measure of the total inflation within an economy, including commodities such as food and energy prices.
  2. Core inflation typically rises and falls more gradually than inflation in food and fuel.
  3. The Eight Core Industries comprise nearly two-third of the weight of items included in the IIP.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?


Explanation:

Core Inflation:
- The first statement is incorrect. Core inflation is a measure of inflation that excludes certain items that face volatile price movements, such as food and energy prices.
- Core inflation gives a more accurate picture of underlying inflation trends in an economy by excluding these volatile components.

Core Inflation Stability:
- The second statement is correct. Core inflation typically rises and falls more gradually than inflation in food and fuel.
- This is because food and fuel prices tend to be more volatile due to factors such as weather conditions and geopolitical events.

Eight Core Industries:
- The third statement is incorrect. The Eight Core Industries refer to a specific set of industries that are considered crucial for the overall growth and development of an economy.
- These industries include coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery products, fertilizers, steel, cement, and electricity.
- They do not comprise nearly two-thirds of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP).

Therefore, only the second statement is correct, making the correct answer option 'A' - Only one.

Consider the following statements regarding Liquified natural gas(LNG).
  1. LNG is a natural gas reduced to a liquid state (liquefaction) through intense heating.
  2. It is constituted almost wholly of methane.
  3. One of the main drawbacks of LNG is that it cannot be easily transported around the world by ships.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Understanding Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a crucial component of the global energy market, but not all statements regarding it are accurate. Let's examine the provided statements:
Statement 1: LNG is a natural gas reduced to a liquid state (liquefaction) through intense heating.
- Incorrect: LNG is actually produced through a cooling process, not heating. Natural gas is cooled to approximately -162 degrees Celsius to condense it into a liquid state. This process reduces its volume significantly, making it easier to store and transport.
Statement 2: It is constituted almost wholly of methane.
- Correct: LNG is primarily composed of methane (CH4), which typically makes up about 90-95% of its composition. This high methane content is what makes LNG a clean-burning energy source compared to other fossil fuels.
Statement 3: One of the main drawbacks of LNG is that it cannot be easily transported around the world by ships.
- Incorrect: In fact, LNG is specifically designed for easy transportation. It is transported in specialized cryogenic tankers that can safely carry the liquid over long distances. This transport capability is one of the advantages of LNG, allowing it to be shipped globally.
Conclusion
Only one of the statements is correct: the assertion that LNG is constituted almost wholly of methane. Thus, the correct answer is option 'A', indicating that only one statement is accurate.

In the presentUN’s Genocide Convention, genocide means which of the following acts committed on a national, ethnical or religious group?
  1. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
  2. Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
  3. Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
  4. Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life to bring about its physical destruction
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

“In the UN’s Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.”

Which of the following are the features of Smart Food Grain Storage System (SAFEETY) technology, developed under Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) guidance?
  1. conveyorized loading and unloading of grain bags with RFID traceability
  2. online weight and moisture measurement
  3. Radio Frequency Based Removal of Moisture from Grain.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Prasad Yadav answered


Features of Smart Food Grain Storage System (SAFEETY) technology:

1. Conveyorized loading and unloading of grain bags with RFID traceability:
- This feature allows for the automated loading and unloading of grain bags using a conveyor system.
- RFID technology is used to track and trace the movement of grain bags, ensuring efficient management and monitoring.

2. Online weight and moisture measurement:
- The system is equipped with sensors that can measure the weight and moisture content of the stored grains in real-time.
- This helps in maintaining optimal storage conditions and preventing spoilage.

3. Radio Frequency Based Removal of Moisture from Grain:
- This feature utilizes radio frequency technology to remove excess moisture from the grains stored in the system.
- By controlling the moisture levels, the system helps in preserving the quality and longevity of the stored grains.

Therefore, all three statements are correct regarding the features of the Smart Food Grain Storage System (SAFEETY) technology developed under the Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) guidance.

Consider the following statements regarding GHAR (GO Home and Re-Unite) Portal.
  1. GHAR (GO Home and Re-Unite) Portal was launched by National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR).
  2. The portal facilitates the digital tracking and monitoring of children in the Juvenile Justice system who need to be repatriated to another country, state, or district.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
  • a)
    1 only 
  • b)
    2 only 
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2 
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Kavya Basak answered
Overview of GHAR Portal
The GHAR (GO Home and Re-Unite) Portal is an initiative aimed at addressing the needs of children in the Juvenile Justice system. Launched by the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR), this portal plays a crucial role in the repatriation process of children.
Statement Analysis
- Statement 1: GHAR Portal was launched by National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR).
- This statement is correct. The NCPCR is responsible for ensuring the rights of children in India, and the GHAR Portal is one of its initiatives.
- Statement 2: The portal facilitates the digital tracking and monitoring of children in the Juvenile Justice system who need to be repatriated to another country, state, or district.
- This statement is also correct. The GHAR Portal allows for effective tracking of children requiring repatriation, ensuring that their transition is managed efficiently and safely.
Conclusion
Since both statements regarding the GHAR Portal are accurate, the answer to the question about which statements are incorrect is:
Correct Answer: d) Neither 1 nor 2
This indicates that both statements reflect the true purpose and origin of the GHAR Portal, reinforcing its significance in protecting children's rights and facilitating their safe return to their homes.

Consider the following statements regarding Compressed natural gas (CNG).
  1. CNG is comprised mostly of methane gas.
  2. CNG engines run more quietly due to very low octane rating of CNG over gasoline.
  3. CNG vehicles reduce Harmful emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) by more than 90% when compared to gasoline powered vehicles.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Swara Tiwari answered
Correct statement regarding Compressed natural gas (CNG):

Methane composition:
- CNG is comprised mostly of methane gas, making it a cleaner alternative fuel compared to gasoline.

Noise level:
- CNG engines run more quietly due to the very low octane rating of CNG compared to gasoline.

Reduced harmful emissions:
- CNG vehicles reduce harmful emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) by more than 90% when compared to gasoline-powered vehicles.
Therefore, only the second and third statements are correct, making option 'B' the correct choice.

Consider the following statements.
  1. India’s External commercial borrowings in rupees helps to promote the internationalisation of the rupee.
  2. For a currency to be considered a reserve currency, it needs to be fully convertible, readily usable, and available in sufficient quantities.
  3. India permits full capital account convertibility, without any constraints on the exchange of its currency with others.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anushka Sharma answered
1. India is the seventh-largest country in the world by land area.
2. India is the second-most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion people.
3. India is known for its diverse culture, languages, and religions.
4. India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with the President as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government.
5. India has a mixed economy, with agriculture, industry, and services sectors contributing to its GDP.
6. India is a nuclear-armed country and has a significant presence in global politics and economy.
7. India is home to the Bollywood film industry, known for producing a large number of films each year.

Consider the following statements regarding Lothal.
  1. Lothal was one of the southernmost sites of the Indus Valley civilization.
  2. It is declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  3. Lothal was one of the landlocked sites of the Indus Valley civilization.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:
- Statement 1: Lothal was one of the southernmost sites of the Indus Valley civilization.
This statement is correct. Lothal is located in the state of Gujarat in India and was indeed one of the southernmost sites of the Indus Valley civilization.
- Statement 2: It is declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
This statement is incorrect. While Lothal is an important archaeological site, it has not been declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Statement 3: Lothal was one of the landlocked sites of the Indus Valley civilization.
This statement is incorrect. Lothal was actually a port city that was connected to the sea, making it a coastal site rather than a landlocked one.
Therefore, only the first statement is correct.

Consider the following statements.
  1. Germanium is used in fibre-optic cables, infrared imaging devices and optical devices.
  2. Germanium has the ability to withstand heat and has higher energy conversion efficiency.
  3. China accounts for more than 50% of the production of germanium.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

China also commands 60% of the total production of germaniumThe element is used in fibre-optic cables, infrared imaging devices (used by enforcement agencies for surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance, particularly in the dark) and optical devices (to improve the ability to operate weapon systems in harsh conditions). They are also used in solar cells for their ability to withstand heat and higher energy conversion efficiency. 

Which of the following is the only paramilitary force with a dual control structure? 
  • a)
    Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) 
  • b)
    Border Security Force (BSF) 
  • c)
    Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) 
  • d)
    Assam Rifles
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The dual control structure:
  • Its uniqueness lies in the fact that Assam Rifles is the only paramilitary force with a dual control structureWhile the administrative control of the force is with the MHA, its operational control is with the Indian Army, which is under the Ministry of Defence (MoD). This means that salaries and infrastructure for the force is provided by the MHA, but the deployment, posting, transfer and deputation of the personnel is decided by the Army.
  • In some ways, the force is the only central paramilitary force (CPMF), as its operational duties and regimentation are on the lines of the Indian Army. However, being a Central Armed Police force under MHA, its recruitment, perks, promotion of its personnel and retirement policies are governed according to the rules framed by the MHA for CAPFs.

A record must satisfy which of the following criteria to count as a Guinness World Record?
  1. It should be verifiable.
  2. It cannot be something so unique that only one person can do it.
  3. It should be objectively measurable.
  4. It should bestandardisablewith a possibility to create a set of parameters and conditions.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

BT Educators answered
Today, GWR has over 75 adjudicators across the world, who determine whether a record has been broken or not. There is even an application process – one can apply to invite an adjudicator to witness a record being broken. However, there are some strict criteria that make a Guinness World Record.
A record must satisfy all of the following criteria to count.
  • It should be objectively measurable.
  • It should be breakable– it cannot be something so unique that only one person can do it.
  • Similarly, it should also be standardisablewith a possibility to create a set of parameters and conditions that all challengers can follow.
  • It should be verifiable.
  • It should be based ononly one variable.
  • It should be the best in the world. For any new record, GWR sets a minimum standard that has to be met for the record to be broken.

Consider the following statements regarding India’s first comprehensive survey estimating the snow leopard population.
  1. The survey was conducted by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
  2. The maximum number of snow leopards was estimated in Himachal Pradesh.
  3. The snow leopard is classified as “vulnerable” under IUCN red list.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Only Statement 3 is correct.
  • India’s first comprehensive survey estimates the snow leopard population at 718 in the wild.
  • The maximum number of snow leopards was estimated in Ladakh (477), followed by Uttarakhand (124), Himachal Pradesh (51), Arunachal Pradesh (36), Sikkim (21), and Jammu and Kashmir (9).
  • The survey, named Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI), began in 2019 and involved collaboration between the World Wide Fund for Nature-India, the Nature Conservation Foundation, and the Wildlife Institute of India.
  • The snow leopard is classified as “vulnerable” and faces threats such as human-wildlife conflicts, free-ranging dogs, and poaching.

Consider the following statements regarding cumin seeds, commonly known as jeera.
  1. Jeera is an extremely weather-sensitive crop, which requires a moderately cool and dry climate.
  2. India accounts for less than 10% of the world’s production of this seed spice.
  3. In India, it is mainly grown in the northern parts of Gujarat and adjoining districts of western Rajasthan.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Valor Academy answered
Statement 2 is incorrect.
  • Jeera is an extremely weather-sensitive crop. It requires a moderately cool and dry climate sans any humidity, which is conducive for fungal infestation during the crop’s flowering and seed development stages. That naturally limits the area of cultivation to Saurashtra, Kutch and the northern parts of Gujarat and adjoining districts of western Rajasthan such as Jalore, Barmer, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Pali and Nagaur. Unjha, enjoying the strategic advantage of being in the centre of the country’s jeera cultivation belt, has become the price-setting market for the crop.
  • India accounts for some 70% of the world’s production of this seed spice. Other countries such as Syria, Turkey, UAE and Iran make up the balance 30%.
  • India’s jeera production is meant for both its domestic market as well as for export. The top export destinations include China, Bangladesh, US, UAE, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Turkey. China has been importing Indian cumin aggressively.

Which of the following are the joint military exercise between India and France?
  1. Varuna
  2. Garuda
  3. Indra
  4. Shakti
How many of the above options is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Divyansh Ghosh answered
Varuna, Garuda, Indra, and Shakti: India-France Joint Military Exercises
Varuna, Garuda, Indra, and Shakti are all joint military exercises conducted between India and France. These exercises aim to enhance cooperation and interoperability between the armed forces of both countries.

Varuna:
Varuna is a bilateral naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the French Navy. It has been conducted annually since 2001 and includes various maritime security operations, anti-submarine warfare exercises, and aircraft carrier operations.

Garuda:
Garuda is a joint exercise between the Indian Air Force and the French Air Force. It focuses on enhancing aerial combat capabilities, air-to-air refueling, and joint tactical maneuvers. This exercise has been conducted since 2003.

Indra:
Indra is a trilateral exercise involving India, France, and Russia. It includes joint army exercises, counter-terrorism operations, and peacekeeping missions. The aim of the exercise is to improve coordination between the three countries in various military scenarios.

Shakti:
Shakti is a joint exercise between the Indian Army and the French Army. It focuses on enhancing infantry and special forces capabilities, as well as conducting joint counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations. This exercise has been conducted since 2011.
In conclusion, all four options - Varuna, Garuda, Indra, and Shakti - are joint military exercises between India and France, aimed at strengthening bilateral and trilateral military cooperation and interoperability.

Which of the following countries share border with Red Sea?
  1. Djibouti
  2. Iran
  3. Eritrea
  4. Oman
How many of the above options is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev UPSC answered
Option 1 and 3 is correct.
The Red Sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To the north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez.
The six countries bordering the Red Sea are: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and Djibouti.

Consider the following statements regarding
  1. Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by a bacterium.
  2. The disease predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves.
  3. It is transmitted via droplets from the nose and mouth during close and frequent contact with untreated cases.
  4. Leprosy is preventable but not curable.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Toppers answered
Statement 4 is incorrect.
  • The Central government has approved a new treatment regimen for leprosy, aiming to stop its transmission at the sub-national level by 2027, three years ahead of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.
  • The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has decided to introduce a three-drug regimen for Pauci-Bacillary (PB) cases in place of a two-drug regimen for six months.
  • According to the WHO, leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium leprae bacteria. The disease predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. Left untreated, it may cause progressive and permanent disabilities.
  • The bacteria are transmitted via droplets from the nose and mouth during close and frequent contact with untreated cases. Leprosy, reported from all the six WHO regions, is curable with multi-drug therapy (MDT). The majority of new cases detected annually are from South East Asia.
  • The WHO’s recommended treatment regimen consists of three drugs — dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine.

Both India and Russia are party to which of the following?
  1. International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC)
  2. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
  3. G20 grouping
  4. BRICS
How many of the above options is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

India and Russia's Participation in International Organizations

India and Russia are both party to the following international organizations:

International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC)
- The INSTC is a multi-modal transportation network that aims to connect India, Iran, Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Central Asia, and Europe.
- India and Russia are both key participants in the INSTC, which seeks to enhance connectivity and trade between the regions it spans.

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
- The SCO is a Eurasian political, economic, and security organization that aims to promote cooperation among member states.
- Both India and Russia are founding members of the SCO, which also includes China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

G20 Grouping
- The G20 is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from major economies.
- India and Russia are both members of the G20, which plays a key role in addressing global economic challenges and promoting international financial stability.

BRICS
- BRICS is an association of five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
- India and Russia are two of the founding members of BRICS, which aims to enhance cooperation and dialogue among the member countries on various issues of common interest.

In conclusion, India and Russia are party to all four of the mentioned international organizations, demonstrating their active participation in global platforms for cooperation and development.

Consider the following pairs:
  1. PM-JANMAN Yojana: provides end-to-end support to artisans and craftspeople
  2. PM-Vishwakarma Yojana: aids the development of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTG).
  3. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana: promotes energy efficiency by distributing LED bulbs
How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

  • PM-JANMAN Yojana aids the development of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTG).
  • PM-Vishwakarma Yojana provides end-to-end support to artisans and craftspeople engaged in 18 trades
  • Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) has played a pivotal role in providing access to clean cooking fuel, releasing 10 crore LPG connections to households.
  • Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) program has contributed to energy efficiency by distributing over 37 crore LED bulbs, along with providing about 72 lakh LED tube lights and 23 lakh energy-efficient fans.

Consider the following statements regarding Subika paintings, recently seen in news
  1. The Subika painting style is connected to the Koya community’s cultural history.
  2. Its illustrations incorporate visual elements like lines, shapes, forms, colours, and patterns.
  3. The Subika painting style is nearly extinct due to neglect.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Statement 1 is incorrect.
  • The Subika painting style is deeply connected to the Meitei community’s cultural historythrough its six surviving manuscripts – Subika, Subika Achouba, Subika Laishaba, Subika Choudit, Subika Cheithil and Thengrakhel Subika.
  • The paintings are a composition of cultural motifs created by pre-existing features and other influences. However, the Subika painting style is nearly extinct due to neglect.
  • The Subika Laishaba is a composition of cultural motifs influenced by the cultural worldviews of the community.
  • Its illustrations incorporate visual elements like lines, shapes, forms, colours, and patterns.
  • These visual images serve as cultural motifs, creating visual effects and expressing cultural significance.
  • The paintings are done on handmade paper, and the materials for manuscripts, such as handmade paper or tree bark, are prepared locally.

Consider the following statements.
  1. India has decided to build a gravitational wave detector to join the international LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) network.
  2. India is a full member of the ITER project, which is working to harness energy from nuclear fusion reactions.
  3. India has a strong participation in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Simran Datta answered
India's Participation in International Scientific Projects
India is actively involved in several international scientific projects, showcasing its commitment to cutting-edge research and technological advancements. Let's analyze the statements provided in the question:

Gravitational Wave Detector
- India has indeed decided to build a gravitational wave detector to become a part of the prestigious LIGO network. This demonstrates India's interest in exploring the mysteries of the universe through gravitational wave research.

ITER Project
- India is a full member of the ITER project, which aims to harness energy from nuclear fusion reactions. This involvement highlights India's contribution to global efforts in sustainable energy research and development.

Participation in Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
- India has a strong participation in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator. This collaboration allows Indian scientists to contribute to fundamental research in particle physics and gain valuable insights into the universe's fundamental building blocks.

Conclusion
- All three statements provided in the question are correct. India's active engagement in these international scientific projects showcases its scientific prowess and commitment to advancing knowledge and technology on a global scale.

Consider the following statements regarding Mekong River.
  1. Mekong River is Asia’s second longestriver, after the Yangtze River.
  2. It originates from the Tibetan Plateau.
  3. It serves as a crucial river for navigation due to its favourable geographical conditions.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Correct Answer: a) Only one
---

Explanation:

Asia's Second Longest River:
- The statement that Mekong River is Asia's second-longest river after the Yangtze River is incorrect. In reality, the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia, and the Mekong River is the 12th longest river in the world.

Origin:
- The statement that Mekong River originates from the Tibetan Plateau is correct. The river originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows through several countries, including China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam.

Navigation:
- The statement that Mekong River serves as a crucial river for navigation due to its favorable geographical conditions is incorrect. While the Mekong River is an important waterway for transportation in the region, it is not as crucial for navigation as other major rivers like the Yangtze or the Ganges.
Therefore, out of the three statements provided, only the statement regarding the origin of the Mekong River from the Tibetan Plateau is correct.

Consider the following statements.
  1. It is more likely for a river to change course in the alluvial plains of North India.
  2. The northward movement of the Indian Tectonic Plate is the reason behind the rising Himalayas.
  3. Ganga river is the only river in India which has not changed its course in the last 200 years.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Statement 3 is incorrect.
  • Changes in a river’s course in the northern part of the country is not unusual. One of the reasons is believed to be the movement of the Indian Tectonic Plate.
  • The Plate has been moving northward. That is the reason the Himalayas are rising. One reason for the course of the Yamuna moving eastwards too is believed to be this.
  • Also, it is more likely for a river to change course in the alluvial plains of North India.
  • “Alluvial terrain is soft and more amenable to changing river courses. If we look at the course of the Ganga between 1786 and now, there are places where it has changed its course by 34 km. In Badaun (UP) the river has moved 10 km from where it used to be.

Vaccine Safety Net (VSN), recently in news is an initiative of 
  • a)
    Médecins Sans Frontières 
  • b)
    Oxfam 
  • c)
    World Health Organization 
  • d)
    World Bank
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Toppers answered
The Healthy Indian Project (THIP), a health information platform in India, has joined the World Health Organization’s Vaccine Safety Net (VSN), a global network of websites providing trustworthy vaccine safety information.
The Vaccine Safety Net (VSN) is a global network of websites that provide reliable information on vaccine safety. The VSN is an initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). 
The VSN is a diverse group of websites that provide vaccine safety information in various languages.

Consider the following statements regarding Square Kilometer Array.
  1. Square Kilometer Array is a single large telescope.
  2. Some of the SKA Square Kilometer Array facilities would be located in India.
  3. The intellectual properties generated by the project would be accessible to all the member countries.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Bajaj answered
Explanation:

Statement Analysis:
- Statement 1: Square Kilometer Array is not a single large telescope, but rather a collection of radio telescopes spread across multiple locations.
- Statement 2: Some of the SKA facilities would indeed be located in India.
- Statement 3: The intellectual properties generated by the project are intended to be accessible to all the member countries.
Therefore, only Statement 2 is correct, making the correct answer option A.

Which of the following steps can help to internationalise the rupee?
  1. Tax incentives to foreign businesses to utilise the rupee in operations in India.
  2. RBI should pursue a more liquid rupee bond market.
  3. Indian exporters and importers should be encouraged to invoice their transactions in rupee.
  4. India signing Currency swap agreements with other countries.
  5. Rupee must be made more freely convertible.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only two 
  • b)
    Only three 
  • c)
    Only four 
  • d)
    All five
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Steps to Internationalise the Rupee:

Tax incentives to foreign businesses to utilise the rupee in operations in India:
- Providing tax incentives can encourage foreign businesses to use the rupee in their operations, thereby increasing its international usage.

RBI should pursue a more liquid rupee bond market:
- A more liquid bond market for the rupee would attract foreign investors and increase the currency's international presence.

Indian exporters and importers should be encouraged to invoice their transactions in rupee:
- Encouraging invoicing in rupee can reduce currency exchange risks for businesses and promote the use of the rupee in international trade.

India signing Currency swap agreements with other countries:
- Currency swap agreements can facilitate trade and investment by providing easier access to the rupee for foreign countries.

Rupee must be made more freely convertible:
- Making the rupee more freely convertible can increase its acceptance and usage in international transactions, making it a more widely recognized currency.
By implementing all of these steps, India can effectively internationalize the rupee and strengthen its position in the global economy.

Consider the following statements regarding direct seeding of rice (DSR) versus conventional transplanting method.
  1. In direct seeding of rice (DSR), Paddy is sown directly in the field without any nursery preparation or flooding.
  2. In transplanting, the flooded fields basically deny oxygen to the weed seeds in the soil, preventing their germination.
  3. In DSR, water is replaced with chemical herbicides.
  4. DSR is effective against weeds and saves water compared to transplanting.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

In all, the conventional transplanting route requires some 28 irrigations. It can go up if high temperatures force more frequent watering, and go down if there is enough rain.
Direct seeding versus transplanting
That’s where direct seeding of rice (DSR) comes in. Paddy here is sown directly in the field without any nursery preparation, puddling or flooding. In transplanting, the flooded fields basically deny oxygen to the weed seeds in the soil, preventing their germination. Water, thus, acts as a natural herbicide. In DSR, water is replaced with chemical herbicides.
DSR is effective against weeds and saves water compared to transplanting.

Consider the following statements regarding Forest Conservation Act, 1980.
  1. The legislation empowers the Central government to regulate the extraction of forest resources by industries as well as forest-dwelling communities.
  2. The Act initially provided protection to areas not formally notified as ‘forests’ by the Central or State governments.
  3. It is the only Act that protects the rights of tribals and forest-dwellers dependent on forests for their livelihood.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sanaya Basak answered

Correct Statement Explanation:



  1. The legislation empowers the Central government to regulate the extraction of forest resources by industries as well as forest-dwelling communities:
    This statement is incorrect. The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 primarily focuses on the conservation and protection of forests rather than regulating the extraction of forest resources by industries or forest-dwelling communities. The Act requires prior approval from the Central government for any non-forest activities within forest areas.



  2. The Act initially provided protection to areas not formally notified as ‘forests’ by the Central or State governments:
    This statement is correct. The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 aimed to protect areas that were not formally notified as forests by the Central or State governments. This was done to ensure the conservation of all types of forested areas, whether officially designated as forests or not.



  3. It is the only Act that protects the rights of tribals and forest-dwellers dependent on forests for their livelihood:
    This statement is incorrect. While the Forest Conservation Act, 1980 does play a role in protecting forest resources, there are other laws such as the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 that specifically focus on protecting the rights of tribals and forest-dwellers dependent on forests for their livelihood.



Therefore, only the second statement is correct.

Consider the following statements regarding Zodiacal light.
  1. Zodiacal light is a faint, diffuse glow of sunlight scattered by dust particles that orbit the sun.
  2. It is a night time glow over the horizon.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
  • a)
    1 only 
  • b)
    2 only 
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2 
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Arshiya Joshi answered


Explanation:

Zodiacal Light:

Zodiacal light is a phenomenon that occurs when sunlight is scattered by dust particles in the plane of the solar system. It is a faint, diffuse glow that can be seen in the night sky.

Incorrect Statements:

- Statement 1: Zodiacal light is a faint, diffuse glow of sunlight scattered by dust particles that orbit the sun. This statement is correct. Zodiacal light is indeed caused by sunlight being scattered by dust particles that orbit the sun.

- Statement 2: It is a night time glow over the horizon. This statement is incorrect. Zodiacal light is actually best observed before dawn or after sunset, when the sky is dark but the sun is still below the horizon. It appears as a triangular-shaped glow extending upwards from the horizon.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D, neither 1 nor 2.

Consider the following statements.
  1. Epoch is the broadest category of geological time.
  2. The Anthropocene epoch denote the present geological time interval, in which the Earth’s ecosystem has gone through radical changes due to human impact.
  3. Global warming, ocean acidification, mass-scale soil erosion and the advent of deadly heat waves are numerous phenomena associated with Anthropocene epoch.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only One 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshya Ias answered
Statement 1 is incorrect.
The Anthropocene epoch as a term was first coined by Nobel Prize-winning chemist Paul Crutzen and biology professor Eugene Stoermer in 2000 to denote the present geological time interval, in which the Earth’s ecosystem has gone through radical changes due to human impact, especially since the onset of the Industrial Revolution.
There are numerous phenomena associated with this epoch, such as global warming, sea-level rise, ocean acidification, mass-scale soil erosion, the advent of deadly heat waves, deterioration of the biosphere and other detrimental changes in the environment.
The planet’s geological time scale is divided into five broad categories: eons, epochs, eras, periods, epochs and ages. While eon is the broadest category of geological time, age is the smallest category. Each of these categories is further divided into sub-categories. For instance, Earth’s history is characterised by four eons, including Hadeon (oldest), Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic (youngest).

Consider the following statements regarding Chhatrapati Shivaji’s rajmudra.
  1. Shivaji’s rajmudra is carved in Persian.
  2. The inscriptions express Shivaji’s commitment to ruling his land independently and the welfare of his subjects.
  3. The Indian Navy’s new epaulettes for Admirals is inspired by the Chhatrapati Shivaji’s rajmudra.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Om Mehra answered
Explanation:

Statement 1: Shivaji’s rajmudra is carved in Persian.
- This statement is correct. Chhatrapati Shivaji's rajmudra was indeed carved in Persian, which was a common practice during that time for rulers in India.

Statement 2: The inscriptions express Shivaji’s commitment to ruling his land independently and the welfare of his subjects.
- This statement is correct. The inscriptions on Shivaji's rajmudra do express his commitment to ruling his land independently and ensuring the welfare of his subjects. It reflects his vision for good governance and protection of his people.

Statement 3: The Indian Navy’s new epaulettes for Admirals is inspired by the Chhatrapati Shivaji’s rajmudra.
- This statement is incorrect. While Chhatrapati Shivaji's rajmudra is indeed a symbol of inspiration for many, including the Indian Navy, the new epaulettes for Admirals were not specifically inspired by it. The Indian Navy may draw inspiration from various historical figures and symbols, but there is no direct link between Shivaji's rajmudra and the design of the epaulettes.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: Only two, as the first two statements are correct while the third statement is incorrect.

Consider the following statements regarding Litchi cultivation.
  1. The fruit is native to Southeast Asia.
  2. Litchi is not a climate sensitive fruit and can be grown in any temperature and soil conditions.
  3. Litchi fruit contains natural toxin, which is harmful when consumed by malnourished children.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Abhijeet Gupta answered
Correct Statements Regarding Litchi Cultivation:

Statement 1: The fruit is native to Southeast Asia.
This statement is correct. Litchi is indeed native to Southeast Asia, specifically to the region spanning from southern China to northern Vietnam.

Statement 2: Litchi is not a climate sensitive fruit and can be grown in any temperature and soil conditions.
This statement is incorrect. Litchi is a climate-sensitive fruit that thrives in subtropical to tropical climates. It requires specific temperature and soil conditions for optimal growth, such as warm temperatures, high humidity, and well-drained soil.

Statement 3: Litchi fruit contains natural toxin, which is harmful when consumed by malnourished children.
This statement is correct. Litchi fruit contains a natural toxin called hypoglycin A, which can cause hypoglycemia and other health issues, especially in malnourished children. This toxin is more concentrated in unripe fruit and can lead to illness known as "acute encephalopathy" or "lychee disease" if consumed in large quantities on an empty stomach.
Therefore, only two of the statements provided are correct (Statement 1 and Statement 3).

Consider the following statements regarding Neora Valley National Park.
  1. Neora Valley National Park is located in Nepal.
  2. It is known for its rugged and inaccessible terrain.
  3. The park is home to the red panda.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kajal Chopra answered


Correct Answer: b) Only two

Explanation:

- Neora Valley National Park Location: The statement that Neora Valley National Park is located in Nepal is incorrect. Neora Valley National Park is actually located in the state of West Bengal, India.

- Terrain of Neora Valley National Park: The statement that Neora Valley National Park is known for its rugged and inaccessible terrain is correct. The park is characterized by its steep slopes, dense forests, and rocky cliffs, making it a challenging terrain to navigate.

- Red Panda Habitat: The statement that the park is home to the red panda is also correct. Neora Valley National Park is known for its rich biodiversity and is home to a variety of flora and fauna, including the endangered red panda.

Therefore, out of the three statements provided, only two are correct - the one about the rugged terrain and the one about the presence of the red panda in Neora Valley National Park. The statement regarding the park's location being in Nepal is incorrect.

Arrange the recent trends in deficits in the decreasing order
  1. Revenue Deficit
  2. Fiscal Deficit
  3. Primary Deficit
  4. Effective Revenue Deficit
Select the correct answer code:
  • a)
    2-1-3-4 
  • b)
    1-2-3-4 
  • c)
    2-1-4-3 
  • d)
    1-2-4-3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sahana Singh answered
Revenue Deficit
Revenue deficit is the excess of revenue expenditure over revenue receipts. It indicates the shortfall of revenue receipts in meeting the revenue expenditure. In recent trends, revenue deficit has been decreasing due to efforts to improve revenue generation and control expenditure.

Fiscal Deficit
Fiscal deficit is the excess of total expenditure over total revenue receipts. It shows the borrowing requirements of the government. In recent trends, fiscal deficit has also been decreasing as the government aims to reduce its borrowing and control spending.

Primary Deficit
Primary deficit is the fiscal deficit minus interest payments. It indicates the borrowing requirements of the government excluding interest payments. In recent trends, primary deficit has been decreasing as the government focuses on reducing its borrowing and debt burden.

Effective Revenue Deficit
Effective revenue deficit is the revenue deficit minus grants for the creation of capital assets. It shows the revenue deficit adjusted for capital expenditure. In recent trends, effective revenue deficit has also been decreasing as the government aims to improve the quality of its spending and reduce wasteful expenditure.
Therefore, the correct order of recent trends in deficits in decreasing order is 2-1-3-4, which means Revenue Deficit is decreasing the most followed by Fiscal Deficit, Primary Deficit, and Effective Revenue Deficit.

Consider the following statements regarding Primary forests.
  1. ‘Primary forests’ are forests predominant with native tree species, undisturbed with little to no human interference.
  2. These forests are densest, wildest, and of most ecological importance on Earth.
  3. They cover very small geographical area and are predominantly absent in snow-covered boreal region.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

1. Primary forests are also known as old-growth forests, virgin forests, or ancient forests.
2. Primary forests have never been significantly disturbed by human activities or natural disasters.
3. Primary forests are characterized by high levels of biodiversity and complex ecosystems.
4. Primary forests play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation.
5. Primary forests are increasingly rare due to deforestation and land conversion for agriculture and development.
6. Conservation efforts are being made to protect and preserve remaining primary forests around the world.

Consider the following statements regarding Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF).
  1. The Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF)was announced under the Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.
  2. It aims to incentivize investments by individual entrepreneurs, private companies, MSMEs and Farmers Producers Organizations (FPOs) in establishing dairy processing and value addition infrastructure.
  3. It is kept outside the purview of the regular Infrastructure Development Fund (IDF).
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arya Chauhan answered
Correct statement regarding Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF):
- The correct statement is:
- The Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF) was announced under the Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.
- Incorrect statements:
- The statement saying it is kept outside the purview of the regular Infrastructure Development Fund (IDF) is incorrect.
- The statement saying it aims to incentivize investments by individual entrepreneurs, private companies, MSMEs, and Farmers Producers Organizations (FPOs) in establishing dairy processing and value addition infrastructure is also incorrect.
The Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF) is a dedicated fund set up to support infrastructure projects in the animal husbandry sector. It aims to provide financial assistance to entrepreneurs, companies, MSMEs, and FPOs for establishing dairy processing and value addition infrastructure. The fund is part of the larger initiative of Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan to promote self-reliance in various sectors.
Therefore, only the first statement is correct regarding AHIDF.

Consider the following statements regarding Copra.
  1. Copra is the dried, white flesh of the coconut from which coconut oil is extracted.
  2. Copra cake obtained as a residue is used in animal feeds.
  3. The Government does not provide any MSP for copra.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?


Statement Analysis:

Copra as Coconut Derivative:
- The first statement is correct. Copra is indeed the dried, white flesh of the coconut from which coconut oil is extracted. It plays a crucial role in the coconut oil production process.

Utilization of Copra Cake:
- The second statement is also correct. Copra cake, which is obtained as a residue during the coconut oil extraction process, is commonly used in animal feeds due to its nutritional content.

Government MSP for Copra:
- The third statement is incorrect. The Government does provide a Minimum Support Price (MSP) for copra to ensure fair prices for farmers and to maintain stability in the market.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B - Only two, as two out of the three statements are accurate.

At present Aadhaar acts as a proof of
  1. Identity
  2. Citizenship
  3. Date of birth
How many of the above options is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Chawla answered
Explanation:

Identity:
Aadhaar acts as a proof of identity for individuals in India. It contains demographic and biometric information of the cardholder, making it a reliable form of identification.

Citizenship:
Aadhaar does not serve as proof of citizenship. It is important to note that Aadhaar is available to all residents of India, regardless of their citizenship status. Therefore, it does not establish citizenship.

Date of birth:
Aadhaar does include the date of birth of the cardholder. This information can be used for various purposes such as age verification, opening bank accounts, and accessing government services.
Therefore, out of the given options, only one (proof of identity) is correct. Aadhaar is primarily used as a proof of identity and date of birth, but it does not serve as proof of citizenship.

Consider the following statements regarding Beas River.
  1. The Beas river originates from the Himalayas and flows to the Sutlej river.
  2. The water of the Beas river is allocated to India under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty.
  3. Chambal, Tons and Hindon are the tributaries of Beas River.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sounak Menon answered
Statement 1: The Beas river originates from the Himalayas and flows to the Sutlej river.
This statement is correct. The Beas river is one of the five rivers that originate from the Himalayas, specifically from the Beas Kund glaciers in Himachal Pradesh. It flows through the state of Punjab and eventually merges with the Sutlej river.

Statement 2: The water of the Beas river is allocated to India under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty.
This statement is incorrect. While the Beas river is a part of the Indus river system, the water of the Beas river is not allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty. The Indus Waters Treaty was signed between India and Pakistan in 1960, and it primarily deals with the allocation of water from the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab rivers. The Beas river falls outside the scope of this treaty.

Statement 3: Chambal, Tons and Hindon are the tributaries of Beas River.
This statement is incorrect. Chambal, Tons, and Hindon are not tributaries of the Beas river. Chambal is a river in central India, which is a tributary of the Yamuna river. Tons is a river in Uttarakhand, which is a tributary of the Yamuna river. Hindon is a river in western Uttar Pradesh, which is a tributary of the Yamuna river. None of these rivers directly flow into the Beas river.

Therefore, only two statements are correct:
1. The Beas river originates from the Himalayas and flows to the Sutlej river.
2. The water of the Beas river is allocated to India under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty.

Part IV of the Constitution of India covers a wide range of principles, including
  1. Promotion of international peace and security
  2. Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
  3. Protection and improvement of the environment
  4. Securing of equal justice and free legal aid to citizens
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    Only three 
  • d)
    All four
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Part IV (Articles 36-51) covers a wide range of principles, including (apart from the UCC), the securing of equal justice and free legal aid to citizens (Art 39A), participation of workers in the management of industries (Art 43A), organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry (Art 48), protection and improvement of the environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife (Art 48A), promotion of international peace and security (Art 51), etc. 

Consider the following statements regarding Koraput Kala Jeera Rice.
  1. It is the black-coloured rice variety known for its aroma, texture and nutritional value.
  2. It is mainly grown in controlled environment with monitored sunlight and moisture.
  3. The rice grains resemble cumin seeds.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kalyan Mehra answered
Explanation:

Correct Statement:
- The correct statements are the first and third statements.
- Statement 1: It is the black-coloured rice variety known for its aroma, texture, and nutritional value. Koraput Kala Jeera Rice is indeed famous for its unique black color, aromatic fragrance, and excellent nutritional content.
- Statement 3: The rice grains resemble cumin seeds. The rice grains of Koraput Kala Jeera Rice are small and elongated, resembling cumin seeds.

Incorrect Statement:
- The second statement is incorrect.
- Statement 2: It is mainly grown in a controlled environment with monitored sunlight and moisture. Koraput Kala Jeera Rice is typically grown in the Koraput district of Odisha, India, under natural conditions. The rice is cultivated in the traditional manner, without the need for controlled environments.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - Only two statements are correct.

Consider the following statements.
  1. The Theory of General Relativity implies that under certain circumstances, space itself would be stretched and compressed resulting in the production of gravitational waves
  2. Gravitational waves were first detected by LIGO (Laser Interferometry Gravitational-wave Observatory).
  3. The collision of neutron stars does not produce Gravitational waves.
How many of the above statements are correct?
  • a)
    Only one 
  • b)
    Only two 
  • c)
    All three 
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

General Relativity and Gravitational Waves:
- The Theory of General Relativity does imply that under certain circumstances, space itself can be stretched and compressed, leading to the production of gravitational waves. These waves are ripples in the fabric of spacetime caused by the acceleration of massive objects.

LIGO and Gravitational Waves:
- Gravitational waves were indeed first detected by LIGO (Laser Interferometry Gravitational-wave Observatory) in 2015. This discovery confirmed a major prediction of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity and opened a new window to observe the universe.

Neutron Stars and Gravitational Waves:
- The collision of neutron stars actually does produce gravitational waves. When these incredibly dense stars merge, they create intense gravitational waves that can be detected by instruments like LIGO.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B', as only the second statement is incorrect.

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