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Ecosystem follows:- a)only first law of thermodynamics
- b)only second law of thermodynamics
- c)both first and second laws of thermodynamics
- d)only third law of thermodynamics
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Ecosystem follows:
a)
only first law of thermodynamics
b)
only second law of thermodynamics
c)
both first and second laws of thermodynamics
d)
only third law of thermodynamics
|
Vijay Bansal answered |
The first law, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero.
Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by- a)Decomposer
- b)Consumer
- c)Producer
- d)Parasite
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by
a)
Decomposer
b)
Consumer
c)
Producer
d)
Parasite
|
Rajeev Saxena answered |
Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers. primary productivity depends on the producers inhabiting a particular area. Decomposers break down complex organic matter. Into inorganic substance like carbon dioxide water and nutrients. Parasitic species food on the body of other organisms.
Correct sequence for decomposition process is:
- a)fragmentation -> leaching -> catabolism -> mineralisation
- b)fragmentation -> leaching -> mineralisation -> humification
- c)leaching -> fragmentation -> humification -> mineralisation
- d)fragmentation -> catabolism -> leaching -> mineralisation
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Correct sequence for decomposition process is:
a)
fragmentation -> leaching -> catabolism -> mineralisation
b)
fragmentation -> leaching -> mineralisation -> humification
c)
leaching -> fragmentation -> humification -> mineralisation
d)
fragmentation -> catabolism -> leaching -> mineralisation
|
Gaurav Kumar answered |
Decomposition is the process that involves the breakdown of complex organic matter or biomass from the body of dead plants and animals with the help of decomposers into inorganic raw materials such as carbon dioxide, water, and other nutrients.
The various processes involved in decomposition are as follows:
➢ Fragmentation
➢ Fragmentation
- It is the first step in the process of decomposition.
- It involves the breakdown of detritus into smaller pieces by the action of detritivores such as earthworms.
➢ Leaching
- It is a process where the water soluble nutrients go down into the soil layers and get locked as unavailable salts.
➢ Catabolism
- It is a process in which bacteria and fungi degrade detritus through various enzymes into smaller pieces.
➢ Humification
- The next step is humification which leads to the formation of a dark-coloured colloidal substance called humus, which acts as reservoir of nutrients for plants.
➢ Mineralization
- The humus is further degraded by the action of microbes, which finally leads to the release of inorganic nutrients into the soil.
- This process of releasing inorganic nutrients from the humus is known as mineralization.
Ecosystem is- a)Open
- b)Both open and close
- c)Close
- d)Neither opened nor closed
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Ecosystem is
a)
Open
b)
Both open and close
c)
Close
d)
Neither opened nor closed
|
|
Rajat Kapoor answered |
An ecosystem includes all of the living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere). Ecosystems are the foundations of the Biosphere and they determine the health of the entire earth system.
More than 70% of world’s freshwater is contained in:[2005]- a)polar ice
- b)glaciers and mountains
- c)antarctica
- d)greenland
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
More than 70% of world’s freshwater is contained in:
[2005]
a)
polar ice
b)
glaciers and mountains
c)
antarctica
d)
greenland
|
Devansh Mehra answered |
Three fourth surface of earth is covered by oceans which contain 97.5% of total water. It is marine water with about 3.5% salt content only 2.5% is fresh water which occurs on land. Most of this water (1.97%) occurs as frozen ice caps and glaciers, 0.5% fresh water occurs as ground water. Rivers and lakes contain 0.02%, soil 0.01% while atmosphere possesses 0.001% of water as vapours.
Which of the following is correct?a)GPP + NPP = Rb)NPP – R = GPPc)GPP – R = NPPd)NPP – GPP = RCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
|
Srishti Sen answered |
Net primary productivity (NPP) is equal to Gross primary productivity (GPP) minus Respiration loss (R). NPP is the available biomass for the consumption of heterotrophs in the ecosystem.
A detritus food chain will start with which of the following?- a)Protozoans
- b)Rhizophora species
- c)Bacteria & fungi
- d)Earthworm
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
A detritus food chain will start with which of the following?
a)
Protozoans
b)
Rhizophora species
c)
Bacteria & fungi
d)
Earthworm
|
Rajesh Datta answered |
A detritus food chain begins with dead organic matter. It is made of decomposers which are heterotrophic organism fungi and bacteria.Rhizophora species is a saprophyticheterotrophs.
Which one of the following is the most important service provided by ecosystems?- a)soil formation
- b)aesthetic values
- c)pollination
- d)water purification
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following is the most important service provided by ecosystems?
a)
soil formation
b)
aesthetic values
c)
pollination
d)
water purification
|
Mehul Iyer answered |
Ecosystem services includes all activities performed by nature to benefits of human beings. The most important ecological service includes soil formation. Soil is essential for growth of plants that provide food to all living forms.
Humus will never be:
- a)Good for plant growth.
- b)Resistant to microbial action.
- c)Reservoir of nutrients.
- d)all of these
- e)None of these.
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?
Humus will never be:
a)
Good for plant growth.
b)
Resistant to microbial action.
c)
Reservoir of nutrients.
d)
all of these
e)
None of these.
|
|
Rohan Singh answered |
- Humus is a dark brown amorphous gummy substance formed by partial decomposition of plant and animal matter.
- It is not good for plant growth.
- Humus is quite resistant to microbial action.
- It is a reservoir of nutrients and is helpful in the maintenance of soil moisture as well as aeration.
Hence, None of these statements is correct about Humus.
Pneumatophores are characteristic of plants growing in[2000]- a)saline soils
- b)sandy soils
- c)marshy places and salt lakes
- d)dryland regions
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Pneumatophores are characteristic of plants growing in
[2000]
a)
saline soils
b)
sandy soils
c)
marshy places and salt lakes
d)
dryland regions
|
Ashwini Khanna answered |
Some plants growing in salty marshes develop special roots for respiration, called pneumatophores. They are (–) vely geotropic.
Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called[2011]- a)standing crop
- b)deteritus
- c)humus
- d)standing state
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called
[2011]
a)
standing crop
b)
deteritus
c)
humus
d)
standing state
|
Arpita Tiwari answered |
A standing crop is the quantity or total weight or energy content of the organism, which are in a particular location at a particular time.
The rate at which light energy is converted to the chemical energy of organic molecules is the ecosystem’s[1998]- a)net primary productivity
- b)gross primary productivity
- c)net secondary productivity
- d)gross secondary productivity
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The rate at which light energy is converted to the chemical energy of organic molecules is the ecosystem’s
[1998]
a)
net primary productivity
b)
gross primary productivity
c)
net secondary productivity
d)
gross secondary productivity
|
Subhankar Datta answered |
The rate at which organic molecules are formed in a green plant is called gross productivity.
Bamboo plant is growing in a fir forest then what will be the trophic level of it?[2002]- a)First trophic level (T1)
- b)Second trophic level (T2)
- c)Third trophic level (T3)
- d)Fourth trophic level (T4)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Bamboo plant is growing in a fir forest then what will be the trophic level of it?
[2002]
a)
First trophic level (T1)
b)
Second trophic level (T2)
c)
Third trophic level (T3)
d)
Fourth trophic level (T4)
|
Ishaan Menon answered |
First trophic level is occupied by producers. Second trophic level is occupied by primary consumers. Third trophic level is occupied by the secondary consumers.
Upper part of sea / aquaticeco system contains[1988]- a)plankton
- b)nekton
- c)plankton and nekton
- d)benthos
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Upper part of sea / aquaticeco system contains
[1988]
a)
plankton
b)
nekton
c)
plankton and nekton
d)
benthos
|
Gowri Nair answered |
Plankton → Organisms passively floating in upper water.
Nekton → Actively swimming Benthos → Lead sedentary life upon the sea bottom
Nekton → Actively swimming Benthos → Lead sedentary life upon the sea bottom
There are only 4 or 5 trophic levels in food chain of an ecosystem due to :- a)Limited number of members in biotic community
- b)Loss of energy at successive levels
- c)Carrying capacity
- d)Environmental resistance
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
There are only 4 or 5 trophic levels in food chain of an ecosystem due to :
a)
Limited number of members in biotic community
b)
Loss of energy at successive levels
c)
Carrying capacity
d)
Environmental resistance
|
Krish Saha answered |
In most of the food chain of ecosystem only 4 to 5 trophic levels are present because loss of energy at successive levels is very high. Only 10% of energy is transferred to next trophic level.
Which of the following is not an ecological parameter?- a)Stratification
- b)Number
- c)Energy
- d)Biomass
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not an ecological parameter?
a)
Stratification
b)
Number
c)
Energy
d)
Biomass
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
Ecological parameter includes, biomass, energy and number of individual in the ecosystem. Stratification is not a part of ecological parameter.
Conditions favouring decomposition are :- a)high temperature and intermediate humidity
- b)low temperature and low humidity
- c)low temperature and high humidity
- d)high temperature and low humidity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Conditions favouring decomposition are :
a)
high temperature and intermediate humidity
b)
low temperature and low humidity
c)
low temperature and high humidity
d)
high temperature and low humidity
|
|
Tarun Saha answered |
**Explanation:**
Decomposition is the process by which organic matter breaks down into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. It is a natural process that is essential for nutrient recycling in ecosystems.
Conditions that favor decomposition are important to understand because they can determine the rate at which organic matter decomposes and the types of organisms involved in the process.
The correct answer to the given question is option 'A', which states that high temperature and intermediate humidity favor decomposition. Let's understand why this is the case:
**1. High Temperature:**
- Decomposition is an enzymatic process, meaning it is facilitated by the action of enzymes produced by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi.
- Enzymatic reactions are generally more efficient at higher temperatures because they increase the rate of biochemical reactions.
- High temperatures accelerate the metabolic activity of decomposer organisms, leading to faster decomposition rates.
**2. Intermediate Humidity:**
- Decomposer organisms require a certain level of moisture to carry out their metabolic processes effectively.
- If the humidity is too high, the excessive moisture can create an anaerobic environment (lack of oxygen) that is unfavorable for many decomposer organisms.
- If the humidity is too low, the lack of moisture restricts the activity of decomposer organisms.
- Intermediate humidity provides the ideal conditions for decomposer organisms to thrive and efficiently decompose organic matter.
**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, the correct answer to the given question is option 'A' (high temperature and intermediate humidity) because these conditions provide the ideal environment for the activity of decomposer organisms, leading to faster and more efficient decomposition of organic matter.
Decomposition is the process by which organic matter breaks down into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. It is a natural process that is essential for nutrient recycling in ecosystems.
Conditions that favor decomposition are important to understand because they can determine the rate at which organic matter decomposes and the types of organisms involved in the process.
The correct answer to the given question is option 'A', which states that high temperature and intermediate humidity favor decomposition. Let's understand why this is the case:
**1. High Temperature:**
- Decomposition is an enzymatic process, meaning it is facilitated by the action of enzymes produced by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi.
- Enzymatic reactions are generally more efficient at higher temperatures because they increase the rate of biochemical reactions.
- High temperatures accelerate the metabolic activity of decomposer organisms, leading to faster decomposition rates.
**2. Intermediate Humidity:**
- Decomposer organisms require a certain level of moisture to carry out their metabolic processes effectively.
- If the humidity is too high, the excessive moisture can create an anaerobic environment (lack of oxygen) that is unfavorable for many decomposer organisms.
- If the humidity is too low, the lack of moisture restricts the activity of decomposer organisms.
- Intermediate humidity provides the ideal conditions for decomposer organisms to thrive and efficiently decompose organic matter.
**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, the correct answer to the given question is option 'A' (high temperature and intermediate humidity) because these conditions provide the ideal environment for the activity of decomposer organisms, leading to faster and more efficient decomposition of organic matter.
Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?- a)Less than 1%
- b)2-10%
- c)30%
- d)50%
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?
a)
Less than 1%
b)
2-10%
c)
30%
d)
50%
|
|
Sadiya Siddique answered |
Of the total solar energy, only 50%is PAR( photosynthetically active radiation) of which plants utilise only 2-10% fr photosynthesis. thus,op B.
Available organic matter for herbivores is represented by:- a)Secondary productivity
- b)GPP
- c)NPP
- d)All the these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Available organic matter for herbivores is represented by:
a)
Secondary productivity
b)
GPP
c)
NPP
d)
All the these
|
Charvi Shah answered |
The organic matter available for herbivores is called net primary productivity (NPP). Total amount of organic matter fix during photosynthesis is called Gross primary productivity (GPP).
Which of the following pyramid/s is/are inverted?- a)pyramid of number in an aquatic system
- b)pyramid of biomass in a grassland system
- c)pyramid of biomass in an aquatic system
- d)pyramid of number in a grassland system
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following pyramid/s is/are inverted?
a)
pyramid of number in an aquatic system
b)
pyramid of biomass in a grassland system
c)
pyramid of biomass in an aquatic system
d)
pyramid of number in a grassland system
|
Snehal Shah answered |
The pyramid of biomass in an aquatic system is always inverted. Sharp decrease in biomass results into inverted pyramids.
Germplasm conservation at liquid N2 temperature is- a)Stratification
- b)Cryopreservation
- c)Scarification
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Germplasm conservation at liquid N2 temperature is
a)
Stratification
b)
Cryopreservation
c)
Scarification
d)
None of the above
|
Kritika Singh answered |
Yes it is cryopreservation, done at minus 196 degree Celsius
The important steps in the process of decomposition are- a)Fragmentation and mineralisation
- b)Leaching and catabolism
- c)Humification and mineralisation
- d)All of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The important steps in the process of decomposition are
a)
Fragmentation and mineralisation
b)
Leaching and catabolism
c)
Humification and mineralisation
d)
All of the above
|
|
Vijay Bansal answered |
The important steps in the process of decomposition are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralisation.
Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a biotic community is known as:[2015 RS]- a)Stratification
- b)Zonation
- c)Pyramid
- d)Divergence
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a biotic community is known as:
[2015 RS]
a)
Stratification
b)
Zonation
c)
Pyramid
d)
Divergence
|
Shalini Saha answered |
(a) Stratification is the occurrence of vertical zonation in the ecosystem & indicates the presence of favorable environmental conditions, for e.g., trees occupy top vertical strata or layer of a forest, shrubs the second. Herbs & grasses occupy the bottom layers. It is absent or poor where environmental conditions are unfavorable, e.g. desert ecosystems have very few trees & shrubs.
Sudden mass killing of fishes is likely in[1999]- a)mesotrophic lake
- b)oligotrophic lake
- c)salt lake
- d)eutrophic lake
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Sudden mass killing of fishes is likely in
[1999]
a)
mesotrophic lake
b)
oligotrophic lake
c)
salt lake
d)
eutrophic lake
|
|
Snehal Shah answered |
Organic pollutants provide nutrients for stimulating growth of algae and other plants. Algal bloom reduces availability of light to submerged plants which get killed. The dead submerged plants consume more oxygen in decomposition. This reduces availability of oxygen to other life forms leading to death of organisms. This is known as eutrophication.
Flow of energy in our ecosystem takes place :- a)only in one direction
- b)possible in two directions
- c)in three dimensions
- d)may occur in multiple directions
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Flow of energy in our ecosystem takes place :
a)
only in one direction
b)
possible in two directions
c)
in three dimensions
d)
may occur in multiple directions
|
Aniket Chawla answered |
In ecosystem, flow of energy takes place in only one direction. The flow of energy takes place from producers to final consumers. Energy present in one trophic levels neversreturn back to producer.
Forest controls drought through- a)Functioning as water shed.
- b)Lot of water plant
- c)Retention of water and prevention of soil erosion.
- d) Increasing rainfall
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Forest controls drought through
a)
Functioning as water shed.
b)
Lot of water plant
c)
Retention of water and prevention of soil erosion.
d)
Increasing rainfall
|
Akshat Joshi answered |
The correct answer is option 'D' i.e., retention of water and prevention of soil erosion.
Explanation:
Forests are essential for the survival of life on earth. They are responsible for various ecological, environmental, and social benefits. Forests play a crucial role in controlling drought by retaining water and preventing soil erosion. Let's discuss how forests control drought through water retention and soil erosion prevention:
Retention of water:
Forests help in retaining water in the following ways:
1. Watershed: Forests act as a water catchment area and function as a natural watershed. They store and release water gradually, reducing the risk of floods and droughts.
2. Groundwater recharge: Forests help in recharging groundwater by allowing rainwater to seep into the soil, thus replenishing underground water resources.
3. Transpiration: Trees in the forest transpire water, which helps in the formation of clouds and precipitation, leading to increased rainfall.
Prevention of soil erosion:
Forests help in preventing soil erosion in the following ways:
1. Root systems: Trees in the forest have deep root systems that hold the soil in place and prevent it from eroding.
2. Canopy cover: The canopy cover of trees in the forest acts as a barrier, reducing the impact of raindrops on the soil surface and preventing soil erosion.
3. Organic matter: Forests are rich in organic matter, which helps in improving soil structure, reducing soil erosion, and retaining water.
Conclusion:
Forests play a crucial role in controlling drought by retaining water and preventing soil erosion. Therefore, it is important to conserve and protect forests to ensure a sustainable future for all.
Explanation:
Forests are essential for the survival of life on earth. They are responsible for various ecological, environmental, and social benefits. Forests play a crucial role in controlling drought by retaining water and preventing soil erosion. Let's discuss how forests control drought through water retention and soil erosion prevention:
Retention of water:
Forests help in retaining water in the following ways:
1. Watershed: Forests act as a water catchment area and function as a natural watershed. They store and release water gradually, reducing the risk of floods and droughts.
2. Groundwater recharge: Forests help in recharging groundwater by allowing rainwater to seep into the soil, thus replenishing underground water resources.
3. Transpiration: Trees in the forest transpire water, which helps in the formation of clouds and precipitation, leading to increased rainfall.
Prevention of soil erosion:
Forests help in preventing soil erosion in the following ways:
1. Root systems: Trees in the forest have deep root systems that hold the soil in place and prevent it from eroding.
2. Canopy cover: The canopy cover of trees in the forest acts as a barrier, reducing the impact of raindrops on the soil surface and preventing soil erosion.
3. Organic matter: Forests are rich in organic matter, which helps in improving soil structure, reducing soil erosion, and retaining water.
Conclusion:
Forests play a crucial role in controlling drought by retaining water and preventing soil erosion. Therefore, it is important to conserve and protect forests to ensure a sustainable future for all.
Producers in the aquatic ecosystem are :- a)Shrubs
- b)Herbacious plants
- c)Phytoplanktons
- d)Zooplanktons
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Producers in the aquatic ecosystem are :
a)
Shrubs
b)
Herbacious plants
c)
Phytoplanktons
d)
Zooplanktons
|
Ishani Nambiar answered |
Phytoplanktons are small floating photosynthetic unicellular plant. In the aquatic ecosystem phytoplankton are producers that fix solar energy by the process of photosynthesis.
Which of the following ecological pyramid is always erect and upright?- a)pyramid of biomass
- b)pyramid of energy
- c)pyramid of number
- d)none of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following ecological pyramid is always erect and upright?
a)
pyramid of biomass
b)
pyramid of energy
c)
pyramid of number
d)
none of these
|
|
Ishani Nambiar answered |
Pyramid of energy is always erect and upright because the amount of energy get reduce at each trophic level from prouder to consumers.
The decomposition of organic matter is brought about by- a)Protozoans
- b)Plants
- c)Microorganisms
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The decomposition of organic matter is brought about by
a)
Protozoans
b)
Plants
c)
Microorganisms
d)
None of the above
|
Shruti Bora answered |
Microorganisms like bacteria etc decompose organic matter.
In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as:[2015 RS]- a)Gross primary productivity
- b)Secondary productivity
- c)Net productivity
- d)Net primary productivity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as:
[2015 RS]
a)
Gross primary productivity
b)
Secondary productivity
c)
Net productivity
d)
Net primary productivity
|
Preethi Menon answered |
Explanation:
In an ecosystem, the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as Gross primary productivity (GPP).
Gross primary productivity (GPP):
GPP is the total amount of organic matter produced by plants through photosynthesis in a given time period. It is the rate of production of organic matter before any of it is used up in respiration or lost as waste.
Secondary productivity:
Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers from the organic matter they have consumed.
Net productivity:
Net productivity is the rate of accumulation of organic matter after respiration losses have been subtracted from the gross primary productivity.
Net primary productivity (NPP):
NPP is the rate at which organic matter is actually incorporated into plant tissues for growth and reproduction after accounting for respiratory losses.
In conclusion, Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the correct answer for the given question as it refers to the total amount of organic matter produced by plants through photosynthesis in a given time period.
In an ecosystem, the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed as Gross primary productivity (GPP).
Gross primary productivity (GPP):
GPP is the total amount of organic matter produced by plants through photosynthesis in a given time period. It is the rate of production of organic matter before any of it is used up in respiration or lost as waste.
Secondary productivity:
Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers from the organic matter they have consumed.
Net productivity:
Net productivity is the rate of accumulation of organic matter after respiration losses have been subtracted from the gross primary productivity.
Net primary productivity (NPP):
NPP is the rate at which organic matter is actually incorporated into plant tissues for growth and reproduction after accounting for respiratory losses.
In conclusion, Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the correct answer for the given question as it refers to the total amount of organic matter produced by plants through photosynthesis in a given time period.
Amount of biomass produced per unit area by green plants is called?- a)Respiration
- b)Primary productivity
- c)Secondary productivity
- d)Tertiary productivity
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Amount of biomass produced per unit area by green plants is called?
a)
Respiration
b)
Primary productivity
c)
Secondary productivity
d)
Tertiary productivity
|
|
Arpita Tiwari answered |
Primary productivity is the amount of biomass produced per unit area by green plants in an ecosystem. Producers fix the solar energy by the process of photosynthesis.
Speed of decomposition will be:- a)fast if detritus is rich in simple sugars
- b)slow if detritus contains water soluble substances like sugars
- c)fast if detritus is rich in lignin
- d)slow if detritus lacks chitin
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Speed of decomposition will be:
a)
fast if detritus is rich in simple sugars
b)
slow if detritus contains water soluble substances like sugars
c)
fast if detritus is rich in lignin
d)
slow if detritus lacks chitin
|
Mrinalini Bajaj answered |
In detritus food chain, speed of decomposition will be fast if detritus is rich in simple sugar that can be easily decomposed into glucose by saprophytes that includes bacteria and fungi.
What is the rate at which solar energy is converted and stored by the producers per unit area over a time period called?- a)Tertiary productivity
- b)Primary productivity
- c)Gross primary productivity
- d)Net productivity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the rate at which solar energy is converted and stored by the producers per unit area over a time period called?
a)
Tertiary productivity
b)
Primary productivity
c)
Gross primary productivity
d)
Net productivity
|
Top Rankers answered |
The rate at which solar energy is converted and stored by the producers per unit area over a time period is called primary productivity. The solar energy is converted into usable form by plants with the help of photosynthesis.
Biosphere means- a)Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
- b)Lithosphere and ionosphere
- c)Hydrosphere, lithosphere and ionosphere
- d)Atmosphere
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Biosphere means
a)
Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
b)
Lithosphere and ionosphere
c)
Hydrosphere, lithosphere and ionosphere
d)
Atmosphere
|
Rajni Kokate answered |
Biosphere is one of the layers surrounding the earth along with the lithosphere(land) ,hydrosphere(water),atmosphere (air).
In an ecosystem, which one shows one-way passage[1988]- a)free energy
- b)carbon
- c)nitrogen
- d)potassium
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In an ecosystem, which one shows one-way passage
[1988]
a)
free energy
b)
carbon
c)
nitrogen
d)
potassium
|
|
Devansh Mehra answered |
Energy f low takes place only in one direction i.e., producers → herbivores → carnivores whereas, nutrients use carbon, nitrogen and potassium shows cyclic flow.
The greatest biomass of autotrophs in the oceans is that of[2000]- a)sea grasses and slime moulds
- b)free floating microalgae, cyanobacteria and nanoplankton
- c)benthic brown algae,coastal red algae and daphnids
- d)benthic diatoms and marine viruses
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The greatest biomass of autotrophs in the oceans is that of
[2000]
a)
sea grasses and slime moulds
b)
free floating microalgae, cyanobacteria and nanoplankton
c)
benthic brown algae,coastal red algae and daphnids
d)
benthic diatoms and marine viruses
|
|
Ishaan Menon answered |
The greatest biomass of autotrophs in the oceans is that of free floating microalgae, cyanobacteria and nanoplankton.
The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called:[2010]- a)net primary productivity
- b)secondary productivity
- c)standing crop
- d)gross primary productivity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called:
[2010]
a)
net primary productivity
b)
secondary productivity
c)
standing crop
d)
gross primary productivity
|
Prasenjit Pillai answered |
The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called net primary productivity. It is equal to the rate of organic matter created by photosynthesis minus the rate of respiration and other losses.
The biomass available for consumption to heterotrophs and the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers are defined as- a)Net primary productivity and gross primary productivity, respectively.
- b)Gross primary productivity and net primary productivity, respectively.
- c)Gross primary productivity and secondary productivity, respectively.
- d)Net primary productivity and secondary productivity, respectively.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The biomass available for consumption to heterotrophs and the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers are defined as
a)
Net primary productivity and gross primary productivity, respectively.
b)
Gross primary productivity and net primary productivity, respectively.
c)
Gross primary productivity and secondary productivity, respectively.
d)
Net primary productivity and secondary productivity, respectively.
|
Maulik Gupta answered |
The correct answer is option D, Net primary productivity and secondary productivity, respectively.
Explanation:
- Net primary productivity (NPP) is the biomass available for consumption to heterotrophs after the autotrophs have utilized some of the organic matter for their own metabolism through respiration.
- Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers (heterotrophs) that eat the autotrophs or other heterotrophs.
- Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the total amount of organic matter produced by autotrophs through photosynthesis, including the organic matter used for their own respiration.
- Gross secondary productivity is the total amount of organic matter assimilated by consumers, including the organic matter lost through excretion and egestion.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D, as NPP and secondary productivity are the two parameters that indicate the amount of organic matter available for consumption to higher trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Explanation:
- Net primary productivity (NPP) is the biomass available for consumption to heterotrophs after the autotrophs have utilized some of the organic matter for their own metabolism through respiration.
- Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers (heterotrophs) that eat the autotrophs or other heterotrophs.
- Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the total amount of organic matter produced by autotrophs through photosynthesis, including the organic matter used for their own respiration.
- Gross secondary productivity is the total amount of organic matter assimilated by consumers, including the organic matter lost through excretion and egestion.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D, as NPP and secondary productivity are the two parameters that indicate the amount of organic matter available for consumption to higher trophic levels in an ecosystem.
If by radiation all nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then there will be no[2004]- a)fixation of nitrogen in legumes
- b)fixation of atmospheric nitrogen
- c)conversion from nitrate to nitrite in legumes
- d)conversion from ammonium to nitrate in soil
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
If by radiation all nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then there will be no
[2004]
a)
fixation of nitrogen in legumes
b)
fixation of atmospheric nitrogen
c)
conversion from nitrate to nitrite in legumes
d)
conversion from ammonium to nitrate in soil
|
Raghav Khanna answered |
Nitrogenase is an enzyme involved in biological nitrogen fixation. Enzyme nitrate reductase is involved in conversion of nitrate to nitrite. Conversion of ammonia to nitrate is carried out by Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.
If the number of producers in a pond ecosystem is approx 10 million then the number of top carnivore (in million) which it can support may be:- a)20
- b)2
- c)11
- d)50
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
If the number of producers in a pond ecosystem is approx 10 million then the number of top carnivore (in million) which it can support may be:
a)
20
b)
2
c)
11
d)
50
|
Arnav Iyer answered |
In a food chain, number of organisms reduce from producer to carnivores at each trophic levels. So, the number of carnivores will be less than the prouder which is less than 10 million.
Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?[2009]- a)Fish
- b)Zooplankton
- c)Frog
- d)Phytoplankton
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?
[2009]
a)
Fish
b)
Zooplankton
c)
Frog
d)
Phytoplankton
|
Deepak Joshi answered |
A pond ecosystem is a delicate balance of fish, plants and other animals. Fish occupy more than one tropic level in pond ecosystem. Small fishes act as secondary consumer. They feed on primary consumer. Large fishes act as tertiary consumer. They feed on smaller fish.
If 20000J energy is present in transducers then 3°consumers will get:- a)20J
- b)200J
- c)10000J
- d)2000J
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
If 20000J energy is present in transducers then 3°consumers will get:
a)
20J
b)
200J
c)
10000J
d)
2000J
|
|
Anuj Pillai answered |
Explanation:
To understand the answer to this question, we need to consider the concept of energy distribution among multiple consumers.
Energy Distribution:
When energy is distributed among multiple consumers, the total energy remains constant. In this case, we have a total of 20,000 J of energy available. We need to distribute this energy among 3 consumers.
Calculation:
To find out how much energy each consumer will receive, we divide the total energy by the number of consumers.
Total energy = 20,000 J
Number of consumers = 3
Energy per consumer = Total energy / Number of consumers
Energy per consumer = 20,000 J / 3
Energy per consumer ≈ 6,666.67 J
Answer:
According to the options provided, the closest answer to 6,666.67 J is option 'A' which is 20 J. Therefore, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy.
Explanation of the Correct Answer:
Option 'A' states that each consumer will get 20 J of energy. This means that when the total energy of 20,000 J is distributed among 3 consumers, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy.
Reasoning:
To find the correct answer, we need to divide the total energy by the number of consumers (20,000 J / 3). This calculation results in approximately 6,666.67 J per consumer. Since option 'A' is the closest answer to this value, it is the correct answer.
Summary:
In summary, when 20,000 J of energy is distributed among 3 consumers, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy. This is calculated by dividing the total energy by the number of consumers.
To understand the answer to this question, we need to consider the concept of energy distribution among multiple consumers.
Energy Distribution:
When energy is distributed among multiple consumers, the total energy remains constant. In this case, we have a total of 20,000 J of energy available. We need to distribute this energy among 3 consumers.
Calculation:
To find out how much energy each consumer will receive, we divide the total energy by the number of consumers.
Total energy = 20,000 J
Number of consumers = 3
Energy per consumer = Total energy / Number of consumers
Energy per consumer = 20,000 J / 3
Energy per consumer ≈ 6,666.67 J
Answer:
According to the options provided, the closest answer to 6,666.67 J is option 'A' which is 20 J. Therefore, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy.
Explanation of the Correct Answer:
Option 'A' states that each consumer will get 20 J of energy. This means that when the total energy of 20,000 J is distributed among 3 consumers, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy.
Reasoning:
To find the correct answer, we need to divide the total energy by the number of consumers (20,000 J / 3). This calculation results in approximately 6,666.67 J per consumer. Since option 'A' is the closest answer to this value, it is the correct answer.
Summary:
In summary, when 20,000 J of energy is distributed among 3 consumers, each consumer will receive approximately 20 J of energy. This is calculated by dividing the total energy by the number of consumers.
Percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation is- a)1 - 5%
- b)2 - 10%
- c)less than 50%
- d)approx 100%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation is
a)
1 - 5%
b)
2 - 10%
c)
less than 50%
d)
approx 100%
|
|
Lakshmi Deshpande answered |
The percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation is less than 50%. PAR refers to the portion of sunlight that is within the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometers, which is the range most effectively used by plants for photosynthesis.
Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Definition of PAR:
- PAR is the range of light wavelengths that are absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments in plants, enabling them to carry out photosynthesis.
- PAR is typically measured in micromoles per square meter per second (µmol/m²/s).
2. Components of solar radiation:
- Solar radiation is composed of various wavelengths, including ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) light.
- Only a small portion of solar radiation falls within the PAR range.
3. Wavelengths of PAR:
- The PAR range is defined as 400 to 700 nanometers (nm), which corresponds to the visible light spectrum.
- Within this range, different wavelengths of light have varying effects on plant growth and development.
4. Importance of PAR for photosynthesis:
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, using water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Chlorophyll, the primary pigment in plants, absorbs light most efficiently in the blue (400-500 nm) and red (600-700 nm) regions of the spectrum.
- Therefore, light within the PAR range is crucial for driving photosynthesis.
5. Percentage of PAR in incident solar radiation:
- While the exact percentage of PAR in incident solar radiation varies depending on factors such as atmospheric conditions and time of day, it is generally accepted to be less than 50%.
- This means that more than half of the solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface falls outside the PAR range.
6. Utilization of non-PAR wavelengths:
- Plants can also utilize certain wavelengths of light outside the PAR range, such as UV and IR light, for various physiological processes.
- UV light, for example, can stimulate the production of protective compounds in plants, while IR light can affect plant growth and development.
In conclusion, the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation is less than 50%. This indicates that a significant portion of solar radiation falls outside the PAR range, highlighting the importance of considering the entire spectrum of light when studying plant responses to sunlight.
Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Definition of PAR:
- PAR is the range of light wavelengths that are absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments in plants, enabling them to carry out photosynthesis.
- PAR is typically measured in micromoles per square meter per second (µmol/m²/s).
2. Components of solar radiation:
- Solar radiation is composed of various wavelengths, including ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) light.
- Only a small portion of solar radiation falls within the PAR range.
3. Wavelengths of PAR:
- The PAR range is defined as 400 to 700 nanometers (nm), which corresponds to the visible light spectrum.
- Within this range, different wavelengths of light have varying effects on plant growth and development.
4. Importance of PAR for photosynthesis:
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, using water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Chlorophyll, the primary pigment in plants, absorbs light most efficiently in the blue (400-500 nm) and red (600-700 nm) regions of the spectrum.
- Therefore, light within the PAR range is crucial for driving photosynthesis.
5. Percentage of PAR in incident solar radiation:
- While the exact percentage of PAR in incident solar radiation varies depending on factors such as atmospheric conditions and time of day, it is generally accepted to be less than 50%.
- This means that more than half of the solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface falls outside the PAR range.
6. Utilization of non-PAR wavelengths:
- Plants can also utilize certain wavelengths of light outside the PAR range, such as UV and IR light, for various physiological processes.
- UV light, for example, can stimulate the production of protective compounds in plants, while IR light can affect plant growth and development.
In conclusion, the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the incident solar radiation is less than 50%. This indicates that a significant portion of solar radiation falls outside the PAR range, highlighting the importance of considering the entire spectrum of light when studying plant responses to sunlight.
The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their[2008]- a) low cellulose content
- b)poor nitrogen content
- c)anaerobic environment around them
- d)low moisture content
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their
[2008]
a)
low cellulose content
b)
poor nitrogen content
c)
anaerobic environment around them
d)
low moisture content
|
|
Harshitha Basak answered |
The microorganisms breakdown the complex compounds of dead protoplasm of producers and consumers absorb some of the decomposition products and release simple substances. The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their low moisture content The cellulose is in high amount in fallen logs.
During adverse season, therophytes survive by[1997]- a)bulbs
- b)corms
- c)rhizomes
- d)seeds
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
During adverse season, therophytes survive by
[1997]
a)
bulbs
b)
corms
c)
rhizomes
d)
seeds
|
|
Ishani Nambiar answered |
Therophytes are those plants which survive the adverse season like winter as a seed and complete their life cycle between spring and autumn.
About 70% of total global carbon is found in[2008]- a)grasslands
- b)agroecosystems
- c)oceans
- d)forests
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
About 70% of total global carbon is found in
[2008]
a)
grasslands
b)
agroecosystems
c)
oceans
d)
forests
|
Abhijeet Goyal answered |
About 70% oftotal global carbon is found in oceans. This oceanic reservoir regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Atmosphere contains only about one percent of total global carbon.
Study the following statements and select the incorrect one.- a)Shorter food chains provide more energy as compared to longer food chains
- b)Ecological factors connected with physical geography of earth are called topographic factors
- c)The pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of numbers is upright in a parasitic food chain
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Study the following statements and select the incorrect one.
a)
Shorter food chains provide more energy as compared to longer food chains
b)
Ecological factors connected with physical geography of earth are called topographic factors
c)
The pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of numbers is upright in a parasitic food chain
d)
None of these
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
Pyramid of biomass for terrestrial ecosystems (grasslands, forests) the biomass generally decreases at each higher trophic level from plants via herbivores to carnivores. This is evident from the fact that the terrestrial producers’ viz. grasses, trees and shrubs have a much higher biomass than the animals that consume them, such as deer, zebras and insects. A single plant or animal in a parasitic food chain may support numerous parasites, which might be further supporting a larger number of hyperparasites. Thus, the pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain is inverted.
So the correct option is 'the pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of number is upright in a parasitic food chain'.
So the correct option is 'the pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of number is upright in a parasitic food chain'.
Which food chain is the major conduit for energy flow in an aquatic ecosystem?- a)Grazing food chain (GFC)
- b)Detritus food chain (DFC)
- c)Both GFC and DFC
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Grazing food chain (GFC)
b)
Detritus food chain (DFC)
c)
Both GFC and DFC
d)
None of the above
|
EduRev NEET answered |
In an aquatic ecosystem, the grazing food chain (GFC) is the major pathway for energy flow, whereas the detritus food chain plays a smaller role compared to terrestrial ecosystems.
In an aquatic ecosystem, the organism present at the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands is?- a)Phytolanktons
- b)Large fishes
- c)Sea gulls
- d)Zooplanktons
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
In an aquatic ecosystem, the organism present at the trophic level equivalent to cows in grasslands is?
a)
Phytolanktons
b)
Large fishes
c)
Sea gulls
d)
Zooplanktons
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In an aquatic ecosystem, the important herbivores are zooplankton, larvae, tadpoles, etc. Cows in grasslands also act as herbivores as these feed on producers. Thus, both cows and zooplankton occupy second trophic level in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem respectively.
Which group of organisms in the pond ecosystem is primarily responsible for the decomposition of dead matter?- a)Phytoplankton
- b)Zooplankton
- c)Algae
- d)Fungi and bacteria
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Phytoplankton
b)
Zooplankton
c)
Algae
d)
Fungi and bacteria
|
Stepway Academy answered |
Fungi and bacteria, along with flagellates found at the bottom of the pond, are primarily responsible for the decomposition and mineralisation of dead organic matter, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem for reuse by autotrophs.
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