All Exams >
NEET >
Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers >
All Questions
All questions of Evolution for NEET Exam
Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?
[2005]
- a)Electron Spin Resonance method
- b)Potassium-argon method
- c)Radio-carbon method
- d)Uranium-lead method
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?
[2005]
a)
Electron Spin Resonance method
b)
Potassium-argon method
c)
Radio-carbon method
d)
Uranium-lead method
|
Megha Joshi answered |
Electron Spin Resonance Method for Dating Fossils
The most accurate method for dating fossils is the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) method. Let's understand the method in detail:
What is Electron Spin Resonance Method?
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating is a method that is used to date materials containing atoms with unpaired electrons, such as organic and inorganic materials, tooth enamel, and fossil bones. This method is based on the fact that electrons become trapped in the mineral's crystalline structure over time due to exposure to natural radiation. The trapped electrons then accumulate over time, and their number can be measured to determine the age of the fossil.
Advantages of ESR Method:
1. Accurate: The ESR method is relatively more accurate than other dating methods.
2. Wide Range of Application: The ESR method can be used to date materials that are millions of years old.
3. Non-destructive: The ESR method is a non-destructive method, which means that the fossil can be preserved after the testing is done.
Limitations of ESR Method:
1. Requires Large Sample: The ESR method requires a relatively large sample size, which may not always be possible in the case of fossils.
2. Limited Availability: The ESR method is not widely available, and only a few laboratories are equipped to perform the testing.
3. Complex Process: The ESR method is a complex process that requires specialized equipment and trained personnel.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the ESR method is considered the most accurate method for dating fossils. Although it has some limitations, the ESR method provides valuable information about the age of fossils and their evolutionary history.
The most accurate method for dating fossils is the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) method. Let's understand the method in detail:
What is Electron Spin Resonance Method?
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating is a method that is used to date materials containing atoms with unpaired electrons, such as organic and inorganic materials, tooth enamel, and fossil bones. This method is based on the fact that electrons become trapped in the mineral's crystalline structure over time due to exposure to natural radiation. The trapped electrons then accumulate over time, and their number can be measured to determine the age of the fossil.
Advantages of ESR Method:
1. Accurate: The ESR method is relatively more accurate than other dating methods.
2. Wide Range of Application: The ESR method can be used to date materials that are millions of years old.
3. Non-destructive: The ESR method is a non-destructive method, which means that the fossil can be preserved after the testing is done.
Limitations of ESR Method:
1. Requires Large Sample: The ESR method requires a relatively large sample size, which may not always be possible in the case of fossils.
2. Limited Availability: The ESR method is not widely available, and only a few laboratories are equipped to perform the testing.
3. Complex Process: The ESR method is a complex process that requires specialized equipment and trained personnel.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the ESR method is considered the most accurate method for dating fossils. Although it has some limitations, the ESR method provides valuable information about the age of fossils and their evolutionary history.
Convergent evolution is illustrated by[2003]- a)dogfish and whale
- b)rat and dog
- c)bacterium and protozoan
- d)starfish and cuttle fish
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Convergent evolution is illustrated by
[2003]
a)
dogfish and whale
b)
rat and dog
c)
bacterium and protozoan
d)
starfish and cuttle fish
|
Ritika Khanna answered |
Independent formation of functionally similar structures by unrelated organism is called convergent evolution.
There is no life on moon due to the absence of[2002]- a)O2
- b)water
- c)light
- d)temperature
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
There is no life on moon due to the absence of
[2002]
a)
O2
b)
water
c)
light
d)
temperature
|
|
Naina Dey answered |
Explanation:
The moon is a lifeless celestial body and there are several factors that contribute to the absence of life on the moon. Out of these factors, the absence of water is the most significant reason. Let us discuss this in detail:
1. Absence of Water:
Water is an essential requirement for life to exist. It is a vital component for the survival of most living organisms, including humans. The moon's surface is dry and barren and there is no evidence of liquid water on the moon. Although there is some water on the moon in the form of ice, it is not sufficient to support life.
2. Lack of Atmosphere:
The moon has a very thin and weak atmosphere. It does not have a protective ozone layer like the Earth, which shields us from harmful radiation from the sun. This means that the moon's surface is constantly exposed to harmful radiation and solar winds, making it a hostile environment for life.
3. Extreme Temperatures:
The moon's surface experiences extreme temperatures ranging from -173°C to 127°C. These extreme temperatures make it impossible for any living organism to survive on the moon.
4. Lack of Organic Matter:
Organic matter is a vital component for the existence of life. It is the building block of all living organisms. The moon's surface does not contain any organic matter, which makes it impossible for life to exist.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the absence of water is the most significant reason why life cannot exist on the moon. The lack of atmosphere, extreme temperatures, and absence of organic matter are also contributing factors.
The moon is a lifeless celestial body and there are several factors that contribute to the absence of life on the moon. Out of these factors, the absence of water is the most significant reason. Let us discuss this in detail:
1. Absence of Water:
Water is an essential requirement for life to exist. It is a vital component for the survival of most living organisms, including humans. The moon's surface is dry and barren and there is no evidence of liquid water on the moon. Although there is some water on the moon in the form of ice, it is not sufficient to support life.
2. Lack of Atmosphere:
The moon has a very thin and weak atmosphere. It does not have a protective ozone layer like the Earth, which shields us from harmful radiation from the sun. This means that the moon's surface is constantly exposed to harmful radiation and solar winds, making it a hostile environment for life.
3. Extreme Temperatures:
The moon's surface experiences extreme temperatures ranging from -173°C to 127°C. These extreme temperatures make it impossible for any living organism to survive on the moon.
4. Lack of Organic Matter:
Organic matter is a vital component for the existence of life. It is the building block of all living organisms. The moon's surface does not contain any organic matter, which makes it impossible for life to exist.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the absence of water is the most significant reason why life cannot exist on the moon. The lack of atmosphere, extreme temperatures, and absence of organic matter are also contributing factors.
Which one of the following statement is correct?[2007]- a)There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals
- b)All plant and animal cells are totipotent
- c)Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
- d)Stem cells are specialize cells.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following statement is correct?
[2007]
a)
There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals
b)
All plant and animal cells are totipotent
c)
Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
d)
Stem cells are specialize cells.
|
Gowri Nair answered |
Ontogeny repeats phylogeny.
Which of the following are homologous organs?[2002]- a)Wings of birds and locust
- b)Wings of birds (sparrow) and pectoral fins of fish
- c)Wings of bat and butterfly
- d)Legs of frog and cockroach
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following are homologous organs?
[2002]
a)
Wings of birds and locust
b)
Wings of birds (sparrow) and pectoral fins of fish
c)
Wings of bat and butterfly
d)
Legs of frog and cockroach
|
Anshu Saha answered |
Homologous organs are those organs, which have the same origin and similar basic structure but may differ in external appearance and function. Wings of birds and pectoral fins of fishes are an example of the homologous organs.
Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms, includes[2004]- a)study of carbohydrates / proteins in fossils
- b)study of the conditions of fossilization
- c)electron spin resonance (ESR) and fossil DNA
- d)study of carbohydrates / proteins in rocks
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms, includes
[2004]
a)
study of carbohydrates / proteins in fossils
b)
study of the conditions of fossilization
c)
electron spin resonance (ESR) and fossil DNA
d)
study of carbohydrates / proteins in rocks
|
Ruchi Chakraborty answered |
ESR, Electron Spin Resonance measures number of charges occupying deep traps in crystal band gap.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) or Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is a spectroscopic technique which detects species that have unpaired electrons, generally meaning that the molecule in question is a free radical if it is an organic molecule, or that it has transition metal ions if it is an inorganic complex. Because most stable molecules have a closed-shell configuration without a suitable unpaired spin, the technique is less widely used than nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The EPR was first discovered in Kazan State University by Soviet physicist Yevgeniy Zavoyskiy in 1944
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) or Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is a spectroscopic technique which detects species that have unpaired electrons, generally meaning that the molecule in question is a free radical if it is an organic molecule, or that it has transition metal ions if it is an inorganic complex. Because most stable molecules have a closed-shell configuration without a suitable unpaired spin, the technique is less widely used than nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The EPR was first discovered in Kazan State University by Soviet physicist Yevgeniy Zavoyskiy in 1944
What is common to whale, seal and shark?[2007]- a)Thick subcutaneous fat
- b)Convergent evolution
- c)Homoiothermy
- d)Seasonal migration.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What is common to whale, seal and shark?
[2007]
a)
Thick subcutaneous fat
b)
Convergent evolution
c)
Homoiothermy
d)
Seasonal migration.
|
Sarthak Saini answered |
The analogous organs show convergent evolution due to similar adaptation. They do not support organic evolution. Whale, seal and shark shows convergent evolution due to similar habitats.
Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of cucurbita are example of[2008]- a)analogous organs
- b)homologous organs
- c)vestigial organs
- d)retrogressive evolution
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of cucurbita are example of
[2008]
a)
analogous organs
b)
homologous organs
c)
vestigial organs
d)
retrogressive evolution
|
Devansh Mehra answered |
Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita are example of homologous chromosomes.
Animals have the innate ability to escape from predation. Examples for the same are given below. Select the incorrect example.[2005]- a)Colour change in Chameleon
- b)Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in puffer fish
- c)Poison fangs in snakes
- d)Melanism in moths
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Animals have the innate ability to escape from predation. Examples for the same are given below. Select the incorrect example.
[2005]
a)
Colour change in Chameleon
b)
Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in puffer fish
c)
Poison fangs in snakes
d)
Melanism in moths
|
|
Ritika Khanna answered |
Animals resist predation by cryptic coloration deceptive marking, behavioural defenses and possession of mechanical or chemical defenses. Examples are colour change in Chameleon Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in potter fish, Melanism in moths.
Sequence of which of the followings is used to know the phylogeny?[2002]- a)mRNA
- b)rRNA
- c)tRNA
- d)DNA
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Sequence of which of the followings is used to know the phylogeny?
[2002]
a)
mRNA
b)
rRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
DNA
|
|
Ruchi Chakraborty answered |
rRNA occurs in side ribosomes and involved in protein synthesis, mRNA brings coded information from DNA to form polypeptides. tRNA takes part in transferring amino acids from cellular pool to episomes for polymerization to form polypeptides.
Carl Woese gave the theory of life based on his discovery that the genes encoding ribosomal RNA are ancient and distributed over all lineages of life with little or no gene transfer. Therefore rRNA are commonly used to infer phylogeny.
Carl Woese gave the theory of life based on his discovery that the genes encoding ribosomal RNA are ancient and distributed over all lineages of life with little or no gene transfer. Therefore rRNA are commonly used to infer phylogeny.
According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth[2004]- a)Methane
- b)Oxygen
- c)Hydrogen
- d)Water vapour
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth
[2004]
a)
Methane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Hydrogen
d)
Water vapour
|
Snehal Shah answered |
According to Oparin, the atmosphere of calmative earth was reducing because its atoms were most numerous and most reactive. Free oxygen was not present in significant amount.
Large quantities of H2, N2, water vapour, CO2, CH4 and NH3 were present.
Large quantities of H2, N2, water vapour, CO2, CH4 and NH3 were present.
In which condition the gene ratio remains constant for any species?[2002]- a)Sexual selection
- b)Random mating
- c)Mutation
- d)Gene flow
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
In which condition the gene ratio remains constant for any species?
[2002]
a)
Sexual selection
b)
Random mating
c)
Mutation
d)
Gene flow
|
Prisha Singh answered |
Mutation is any random sudden heritable change occurring in the genetic material. Sexual selection refers to selection of a mate by an organism.
Which of the following is most important for speciation ?[2002]- a)Seasonal isolation
- b)Reproductive isolation
- c)Behavioural isolation
- d)Tropical isolation
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is most important for speciation ?
[2002]
a)
Seasonal isolation
b)
Reproductive isolation
c)
Behavioural isolation
d)
Tropical isolation
|
Vaibhav Basu answered |
Seasonal isolation refers to the differences in season of breeding that can isolate two varieties. Behavioural or ethological isolation refers to differences in behaviour like courtship rituals etc. to prevent mating. Mechanical isolation refers to the differences in the position, size and structure of animal genitalia which prevent reproductive contact and thus bring about isolation.
Which one of the following is not a living fossil?[2006]- a)Sphenodon
- b)Archaeopteryx
- c)Peripatus
- d)King crab
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following is not a living fossil?
[2006]
a)
Sphenodon
b)
Archaeopteryx
c)
Peripatus
d)
King crab
|
Krish Saha answered |
Archaeopteryx is a fossile (dead) found from the mesozoic rocks. It is a connecting link between reptiles and birds.
In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner?[2003]- a)Migration
- b)Mutations
- c)Random drift
- d)Selection
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner?
[2003]
a)
Migration
b)
Mutations
c)
Random drift
d)
Selection
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
Migration refers to the movement of individuals into and out of population. Mutation refers to random and sudden heritable variations or changes arising in the genetic constitution.
When two species of different genealog y come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed[2007]- a)microevolution
- b)co-evolution
- c)convergent evolution
- d)divergent evolution
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
When two species of different genealog y come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed
[2007]
a)
microevolution
b)
co-evolution
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
|
|
Sarthak Saini answered |
The analogous organs show convergent evolution due to similar adaptions which do not support organic evolution.
The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of [NEET 2018]- a)Homology
- b)Analogy
- c)Convergent evolution
- d)Adaptive radiation
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of [NEET 2018]
a)
Homology
b)
Analogy
c)
Convergent evolution
d)
Adaptive radiation
|
Mira Joshi answered |
- Homologous organs are those organs that have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions.
- Wings of birds and forelimbs of horse show homology because skeletal parts of their forelimbs are similar in structure and arrangement but have different functions.
Two different species can not live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is[2002]- a)Allen's law
- b)Gause's hypothesis
- c)Dollo's rule
- d)Weisman's theory
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Two different species can not live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is
[2002]
a)
Allen's law
b)
Gause's hypothesis
c)
Dollo's rule
d)
Weisman's theory
|
|
Snehal Shah answered |
Gause's hypothesis states that two different competing species cannot coexist together for a long in the same niche, one has to get eliminated by the other competing species, if they do coexist, then they do so as a result of niche differentiation, i.e. differentiation of then realized niches.
Random genetic drift in a population probably results from[2003]- a)small population size
- b)highly genetically variable individuals
- c)interbreeding within this population
- d)constant low mutation rate
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Random genetic drift in a population probably results from
[2003]
a)
small population size
b)
highly genetically variable individuals
c)
interbreeding within this population
d)
constant low mutation rate
|
|
Ritika Khanna answered |
Genetic drifts occurs only in small isolated population.
The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is: [NEET 2021]- a)Mutation
- b)Genetic drift
- c)Natural selection
- d)Genetic recombination
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is: [NEET 2021]
a)
Mutation
b)
Genetic drift
c)
Natural selection
d)
Genetic recombination
|
Preeti Iyer answered |
- If the same change occurs by chance, it is called genetic drift.
- Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species.
- The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect.
In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because[2003]- a)they can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
- b)they are small, and therefore, easy to study
- c)they are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
- d)their structure is known in greater detail
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because
[2003]
a)
they can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
b)
they are small, and therefore, easy to study
c)
they are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
d)
their structure is known in greater detail
|
Debolina Chopra answered |
Uniparental Inheritance and Recombination:
- mt-DNA (mitochondrial DNA) and Y chromosomes are considered for the study of human evolution because they are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination.
- In humans, mt-DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother, while Y chromosomes are inherited exclusively from the father.
- Uniparental inheritance means that these genetic materials are passed down from generation to generation without mixing with genetic material from the other parent.
- This is in contrast to other parts of the genome, such as autosomal DNA, which undergo recombination, where genetic material from both parents is combined and shuffled during the formation of sperm and eggs.
Advantages of Uniparental Inheritance:
1. Genetic Lineage Tracing:
- Uniparental inheritance allows for the tracing of specific genetic lineages.
- For example, by studying mt-DNA, researchers can trace maternal lineages and understand the migration patterns and evolutionary history of populations.
- Similarly, by studying Y chromosomes, paternal lineages can be traced.
- This provides valuable insights into human migration, population genetics, and evolutionary relationships.
2. Conserved Structure:
- mt-DNA and Y chromosomes have a conserved structure, meaning that their sequences change at a relatively slow rate over time.
- This allows researchers to compare DNA sequences from different individuals or populations and infer their genetic relatedness and evolutionary history.
- The conserved structure of these genetic materials makes them suitable for studying deep human evolutionary relationships and ancient DNA samples, such as those obtained from fossil remains.
3. Ease of Study:
- Both mt-DNA and Y chromosomes are relatively small in size compared to the entire genome.
- This makes them easier to study and analyze compared to the larger autosomal DNA.
- The smaller size facilitates DNA sequencing, genetic analysis, and comparison of sequences from different individuals or populations.
Conclusion:
- The uniparental inheritance and lack of recombination make mt-DNA and Y chromosomes valuable tools for studying human evolution.
- Their conserved structure, ease of study, and the ability to trace specific genetic lineages provide important insights into our evolutionary history and population genetics.
- mt-DNA (mitochondrial DNA) and Y chromosomes are considered for the study of human evolution because they are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination.
- In humans, mt-DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother, while Y chromosomes are inherited exclusively from the father.
- Uniparental inheritance means that these genetic materials are passed down from generation to generation without mixing with genetic material from the other parent.
- This is in contrast to other parts of the genome, such as autosomal DNA, which undergo recombination, where genetic material from both parents is combined and shuffled during the formation of sperm and eggs.
Advantages of Uniparental Inheritance:
1. Genetic Lineage Tracing:
- Uniparental inheritance allows for the tracing of specific genetic lineages.
- For example, by studying mt-DNA, researchers can trace maternal lineages and understand the migration patterns and evolutionary history of populations.
- Similarly, by studying Y chromosomes, paternal lineages can be traced.
- This provides valuable insights into human migration, population genetics, and evolutionary relationships.
2. Conserved Structure:
- mt-DNA and Y chromosomes have a conserved structure, meaning that their sequences change at a relatively slow rate over time.
- This allows researchers to compare DNA sequences from different individuals or populations and infer their genetic relatedness and evolutionary history.
- The conserved structure of these genetic materials makes them suitable for studying deep human evolutionary relationships and ancient DNA samples, such as those obtained from fossil remains.
3. Ease of Study:
- Both mt-DNA and Y chromosomes are relatively small in size compared to the entire genome.
- This makes them easier to study and analyze compared to the larger autosomal DNA.
- The smaller size facilitates DNA sequencing, genetic analysis, and comparison of sequences from different individuals or populations.
Conclusion:
- The uniparental inheritance and lack of recombination make mt-DNA and Y chromosomes valuable tools for studying human evolution.
- Their conserved structure, ease of study, and the ability to trace specific genetic lineages provide important insights into our evolutionary history and population genetics.
An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of[2006]- a)Analogous and vestigial organs
- b)Homologous organs only
- c)Homologous and analogous organs
- d)Homologous and vestigial organs
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of
[2006]
a)
Analogous and vestigial organs
b)
Homologous organs only
c)
Homologous and analogous organs
d)
Homologous and vestigial organs
|
Rajeev Sharma answered |
Homologous organs represent the divergent evolution. These are the organs belonging to different organisms of different species may be for dissimilar function but they all have the same basic structure. On the other hand vestigial organs show that how a species evolved from its ancestors through the ages according to the use and disuse of organs. These are the organs which were sometime functional in humans (or may be any other organisms) but during the course of evolution their utility gradually decline and now they are present as nonfunctional and vestigial organs.
Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that[2004]- a)fishes were amphibious in the past
- b)fishes evolved from frog-like ancestors
- c)frogs will have gills in future
- d)frogs evolved from gilled ancestors
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that
[2004]
a)
fishes were amphibious in the past
b)
fishes evolved from frog-like ancestors
c)
frogs will have gills in future
d)
frogs evolved from gilled ancestors
|
|
Gowri Nair answered |
Amphibians have moved onto terrestrial habitat but they still need to go back to water for reproduction. The presence of gills in tadpole indicate that amphibians have evolved from fishes. Fishes are completely aquatic so the other three options are incorrect.
In a species, the weight of a newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 o r 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place? [NEET 2019]- a)Cyclical selection
- b)Directional selection
- c)Stabilising selection
- d)Disruptive Selection
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In a species, the weight of a newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 o r 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place? [NEET 2019]
a)
Cyclical selection
b)
Directional selection
c)
Stabilising selection
d)
Disruptive Selection
|
Anjali Sharma answered |
Stabilising selection is a balancing type of natural selection that favours average-sized individuals and eliminates extreme individuals.
Occur rence of endemic species in South America and Australia is due to[2001]- a)These species have been extinct from other regions
- b)Continental separation
- c)There is no ter restial route to these places
- d)Retrogressive evolution
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Occur rence of endemic species in South America and Australia is due to
[2001]
a)
These species have been extinct from other regions
b)
Continental separation
c)
There is no ter restial route to these places
d)
Retrogressive evolution
|
|
Prisha Singh answered |
These areas are geographically isolated from other continents by the oceanic barrier which has prevented uniform distribution of fauna.
Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?[2003]- a)Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
- b)Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
- c)Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same function
- d)Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?
[2003]
a)
Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
b)
Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
c)
Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same function
d)
Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors
|
|
Ruchi Chakraborty answered |
Those organs which have a common origin and are built on the same anatomical pattern, but perform different functions and are modified accordingly.
There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA, variation could suggest this? [2005]
- a)Greater variation in Asia than in Africa
- b)Greater variation in Africa than in Asia
- c)Similar variation in Africa and Asia
- d)Variation only in Asia and no variation in Africa
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA, variation could suggest this? [2005]
a)
Greater variation in Asia than in Africa
b)
Greater variation in Africa than in Asia
c)
Similar variation in Africa and Asia
d)
Variation only in Asia and no variation in Africa
|
|
Kinshul Choudhary answered |
Answer is A.There is greater variation in Asia than in Africa bcoz in Africa the almost people are of same type black or white but in Asia the people are of different type just like Indians, Chinese, Japanese, Russians, srilanka people etc..
Half life period of C is about[2001]- a)500 years
- b)5000 years
- c)50 years
- d)5 × 104 years
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Half life period of C is about
[2001]
a)
500 years
b)
5000 years
c)
50 years
d)
5 × 104 years
|
|
Debolina Chopra answered |
The half-life period of C is about 5730 years. Therefore, the correct option is b) 5000 years.
Genetic drift operates in [NEET 2016]
- a)Small isolated population
- b)Large isolated population
- c)non-reproductive population
- d)Slow reproductive population
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Genetic drift operates in [NEET 2016]
a)
Small isolated population
b)
Large isolated population
c)
non-reproductive population
d)
Slow reproductive population
|
Dev Patel answered |
- The random changes in gene frequencies in a population occurring by chance alone rather than by natural selection are called genetic drift or Sewall Wright effect.
- The effects of genetic drift are most marked in a very small isolated population, although it occurs in all populations.
Darwinism finches are an excellent example of [2008]- a)adaptive radiation
- b)seasonal migration
- c)brood parasitism
- d)connecting links
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Darwinism finches are an excellent example of
[2008]
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
seasonal migration
c)
brood parasitism
d)
connecting links
|
Krish Khanna answered |
Darwin's Finches are an excellent example of adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is the occurrence of the diversification of a single or small groups of species into a large number or descendents that occupy various ecological niches. This is an evolutionary process driven by natural selection.
The concept of chemical evolution is based on [2007]- a)interaction of water, air and clay under intense heat
- b)effect of solar radiation on chemicals
- c)possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
- d)crystallization of chemicals.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The concept of chemical evolution is based on
[2007]
a)
interaction of water, air and clay under intense heat
b)
effect of solar radiation on chemicals
c)
possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
d)
crystallization of chemicals.
|
Abhishek Desai answered |
The concept of chemical evolution is based on possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions. The distribution of elements in the cosmos is the result of many processes in the history of the Universe. It provides us with a powerful tool to study the Big Bang, the density of baryonic matter, nucleosynthesis and the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies.
Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes of the environment brought about by anthropogenic action? [NEET 2020]
(i) Darwin’s Finches of Galapagos islands.
(ii) Herbicide-resistant weeds
(iii) Drug-resistant eukaryotes.
(iv) Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.- a)(ii),(iii) & (iv)
- b)only (iv)
- c)only (i)
- d)(i) & (iii)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes of the environment brought about by anthropogenic action? [NEET 2020]
(i) Darwin’s Finches of Galapagos islands.
(ii) Herbicide-resistant weeds
(iii) Drug-resistant eukaryotes.
(iv) Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.
(i) Darwin’s Finches of Galapagos islands.
(ii) Herbicide-resistant weeds
(iii) Drug-resistant eukaryotes.
(iv) Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.
a)
(ii),(iii) & (iv)
b)
only (iv)
c)
only (i)
d)
(i) & (iii)
|
|
Ananya Das answered |
Evolution by Anthropogenenic action is because of the interference by human beings. Anthropogenenic shows herbicide resistant weeds, drug resistant eukaryotes and mancreated breeds of domesticated animals like dogs and darwin’s Finches of Galapagos islands is an example of natural selection.
One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is[2007]- a)preventing speciation
- b)speciation through reproductive isolation
- c)random creation of new species
- d)no change in the isolated fauna.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is
[2007]
a)
preventing speciation
b)
speciation through reproductive isolation
c)
random creation of new species
d)
no change in the isolated fauna.
|
Mahi Shah answered |
Speciation takes place via reproductive isolation which is the most important consequence of geographical isolation.
Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution ?[2003]- a)Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size
- b)Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection
- c)Variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection
- d)Overproduction, constancy of population size, variations, natural selection
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution ?
[2003]
a)
Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size
b)
Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection
c)
Variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection
d)
Overproduction, constancy of population size, variations, natural selection
|
Nayanika Reddy answered |
According to Darwinism there is differential reproduction, followed by struggle for existence, suitable variations are selected by nature-natural selection.
Among the human ancestors the brain size was more that 1000 cc in[2007]- a)Homo erectus
- b)Ramapithecus
- c)Homo habilis
- d)Homo neanderthalensis
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Among the human ancestors the brain size was more that 1000 cc in
[2007]
a)
Homo erectus
b)
Ramapithecus
c)
Homo habilis
d)
Homo neanderthalensis
|
Pankaj Banerjee answered |
Homo habilis had a cranial capacity in the range of 680 - 720 c.c & that of . Homo erectus erectus 775 - 990 c.c., Homo erectus pekinesis 915-1200 c.c. Homo nenderthalensis 1300-1600 c.c.
Industrial melanism as observed in peppered moth proves that[2007]- a)the melanic form of the moth has no selective advantage over lighter form in industrial area
- b)the lighter-form moth has no selective advantage either in polluted industrial area or non-polluted area
- c)melanism is a pollution - generated feature
- d)the true black melanic forms arise by a recurring random mutation
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Industrial melanism as observed in peppered moth proves that
[2007]
a)
the melanic form of the moth has no selective advantage over lighter form in industrial area
b)
the lighter-form moth has no selective advantage either in polluted industrial area or non-polluted area
c)
melanism is a pollution - generated feature
d)
the true black melanic forms arise by a recurring random mutation
|
|
Pooja Mehta answered |
Industrial melanism is a term used to describe the evolutionary process in which darker individuals come to predominate over lighter individuals since the industrial revolution as a result of natural selection. In 1848 a black form of the moth was recorded in Manchester and by 1895,98% of the peppered moth population in Manchester was black. This black ""melanic""form arose by a recurring random mutation,but its phenotypic appearance had a strong selective advantage in industrial areas.
Which one of the following pairs of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?[2008]- a)Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita - Analogous organs
- b)Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye - Vestigial organs
- c)Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of Cockroach - Excretory organs
- d)Wings of honey bee and wings of crow - Homologous organs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following pairs of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?
[2008]
a)
Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita - Analogous organs
b)
Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye - Vestigial organs
c)
Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of Cockroach - Excretory organs
d)
Wings of honey bee and wings of crow - Homologous organs
|
|
Pankaj Banerjee answered |
Nephridia of earthworm and malphigian tubules of cockroch belongs to excretory organs. Earthworm has a well developed excretory system which is composed of large number of minute, coiled and glandular segmentally arranged excretory tubules called the nephridia. Malphigian tubules of cockroach are extremely fine yellowish unbranched thread like structure present at the function of midgut and hindgut.
Adaptive radiation refers to[2007]- a)evolution of different species from a common ancestor
- b)migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
- c)power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments
- d)adaptations due togeographical isolation.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Adaptive radiation refers to
[2007]
a)
evolution of different species from a common ancestor
b)
migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
c)
power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments
d)
adaptations due togeographical isolation.
|
Arpita Tiwari answered |
Adaptive radiation refers to evolution of different species from a common ancestor. The mammals are adapted for different mode of life i.e. they show adaptive radiation. They can be aerial (bat), aquatic (whale and dolphins), burrowing or fossorial (rat), cursorial ( horse), scantorial (squarrel) or arboreal (monkey). The adaptive radiation, the term by osborn, is also known as Divergent evolution.
Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from nonliving matter?[2005]- a)Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.
- b)Microbes did not appear in stored meat
- c)Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter
- d)Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from nonliving matter?
[2005]
a)
Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.
b)
Microbes did not appear in stored meat
c)
Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter
d)
Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel.
|
Abhijeet Goyal answered |
Spallanzani’s experiment : He boiled the meat and vegetables for more than an hour to prepare broth and placed them in open and sealed flasks. The maggots of housefly developed in the open flasks but did not appear in sealed flasks. This disapproved the theory of spontaneous creation. (Th. of abiogenesis).
According to fossils discovered up to present time origin and evolution of man was started from[2002]- a)France
- b)Java
- c)Africa
- d)China
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
According to fossils discovered up to present time origin and evolution of man was started from
[2002]
a)
France
b)
Java
c)
Africa
d)
China
|
|
Ritika Khanna answered |
Africa is often called as the cradle of man.
Industrial melanism is an example of[2003]- a)defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations
- b)drug resistance
- c)darkening of skin due to smoke from industries
- d)protective resemblance with the surroundings
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Industrial melanism is an example of
[2003]
a)
defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations
b)
drug resistance
c)
darkening of skin due to smoke from industries
d)
protective resemblance with the surroundings
|
|
Snehal Shah answered |
The replacement of grey coloured moth by dark coloured melanic species due to industrial smoke is called industrial melanism. Initially on the lichen covered tree trunks, the mutant moths was more conspicuous due to its black colouration and was therefore more susceptible to predation by birds. The large scale burning of coal during industrial revolution resulted in the deposition of sooty particulate matter on tree trunks. Hence the grey coloured moths became more conspicuous to predatory birds. Thus the population of black moths increased considerably.
In which era reptiles were dominant?[2002]- a)Coenozoic era
- b)Mesozoic era
- c)Palaeozoic era
- d)Archaeozoic era
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
In which era reptiles were dominant?
[2002]
a)
Coenozoic era
b)
Mesozoic era
c)
Palaeozoic era
d)
Archaeozoic era
|
Shibashish Das answered |
Mesozoic era is the golden age of reptiles.reptiles were dominant in this era.
What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?[2004]- a)Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only
- b)Comparison of chromosomes morphology only
- c)Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
- d)Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes and mitochondria
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?
[2004]
a)
Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only
b)
Comparison of chromosomes morphology only
c)
Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
d)
Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes and mitochondria
|
|
Prisha Singh answered |
DNA from sex chromosomes, autosomes and mitochondria reflect the entire genomic limit. Chromosome morphology is only partial.
Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?[2005]- a)Development of transgenic animals
- b)Production of ‘ Dolly’ , the shee p by cloning
- c)Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
- d)Development of organs from ‘stem cells’ for organ transplantation
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?
[2005]
a)
Development of transgenic animals
b)
Production of ‘ Dolly’ , the shee p by cloning
c)
Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
d)
Development of organs from ‘stem cells’ for organ transplantation
|
|
Krish Khanna answered |
When DDT was sprayed to kill mosquitoes, there were only few mosquitoes which were already resistant to DDT, and hence survived. Most of the mosquitoes which were sensitive to DDT died.
Due to differential reproduction the resistant mosquitoes got more chances of reproduction and multiplied. After few generations most of the mosquitoes were resistant. The sensitive were very few. This supports Darwin’s theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest.
Due to differential reproduction the resistant mosquitoes got more chances of reproduction and multiplied. After few generations most of the mosquitoes were resistant. The sensitive were very few. This supports Darwin’s theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest.
Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?[2003]- a)Discontinuous variations
- b)Parasites and predators as natural enemies
- c)Survival of the fittest
- d)Struggle for existence
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?
[2003]
a)
Discontinuous variations
b)
Parasites and predators as natural enemies
c)
Survival of the fittest
d)
Struggle for existence
|
|
Snehal Shah answered |
In any population , there is always competition for space and food resources.
Chapter doubts & questions for Evolution - Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers 2025 is part of NEET exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for NEET 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.
Chapter doubts & questions of Evolution - Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers in English & Hindi are available as part of NEET exam.
Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for NEET Exam by signing up for free.
Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers
33 docs|62 tests
|
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
|
Signup to see your scores
go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup