All questions of Class 8 Geography for UPSC CSE Exam

Natural resources are materials or substances that occur in nature and are utilized by humans for various purposes. They are essentially derived from the environment and can be classified into renewable and nonrenewable resources. Examples of natural resources include air, water, soil, minerals, and sunlight.

Among the given options, option 'C' - Sunlight can be considered as an example of a natural resource. Let's delve into the reasons why sunlight fits the definition of a natural resource:

1. Importance in sustaining life: Sunlight is essential for various biological processes and is a fundamental requirement for the survival of all living organisms, including human beings. It plays a crucial role in photosynthesis, which is the process through which plants convert sunlight into energy to grow and produce oxygen.

2. Energy source: Sunlight is a significant source of renewable energy. Through technologies such as solar panels and solar cells, sunlight can be harnessed and converted into electricity to power homes, industries, and even vehicles. This renewable energy source helps reduce reliance on nonrenewable resources like fossil fuels.

3. Environmental benefits: Sunlight is a clean and sustainable energy source, unlike fossil fuels that release harmful pollutants when burned. By utilizing sunlight as an energy resource, we can reduce air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

4. Economic value: Sunlight has significant economic value as it can be utilized for various purposes. Besides generating electricity, sunlight is used in industries such as agriculture (for crop growth), manufacturing (solar-powered devices), and tourism (solar-powered attractions). It also supports the solar energy industry, creating job opportunities and contributing to economic growth.

5. Recreation and well-being: Sunlight plays a vital role in human well-being by providing vitamin D, improving mood, and supporting overall health. It also offers recreational opportunities, as people engage in outdoor activities and enjoy the warmth and beauty of the sun.

In conclusion, sunlight is an example of a natural resource due to its importance in sustaining life, its role as an energy source, its environmental benefits, economic value, and its positive impact on human well-being. Utilizing sunlight efficiently and harnessing its potential can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

The metal ores itself can be considered as a mineral. Some common metal minerals include Iron, Copper, Gold, Silver, etc. Non-Metallic Minerals do not contain metal elements in their inorganic chemical formula. Some common examples include; Clay, Diamond, Dolomite, Gypsum, Mica, Amethyst and Quartz, etc.

Because it is classified in labour

Resource is the correct answer.

Explanation:
A resource is anything that can be used to satisfy human wants and has a value. In economics, resources refer to all the factors of production that are used in the production process to create goods and services. Resources can be broadly classified into three categories:

1. Natural resources: These are the resources that are found in nature and can be used in their natural form or after processing. Examples include land, water, air, minerals, and forests.

2. Human resources: These are the resources that are created by human beings through education, training, and experience. Examples include labor, knowledge, and skills.

3. Capital resources: These are the resources that are created by human beings to aid in the production process. Examples include machinery, equipment, and tools.

Resources play a critical role in the economy, as they are used to produce goods and services that satisfy human wants and needs. The availability and efficient use of resources are key determinants of economic growth and development.

Sericulture

Sericulture is the term given to the commercial rearing of silk worms to supplement the income of the farmer. It is a lucrative business and is practiced mainly in the rural areas of India. The practice of sericulture involves the cultivation of mulberry trees, which provide the food for the silk worms.

Process of Sericulture

The process involves the following steps:

1. Mulberry cultivation: Farmers cultivate mulberry trees to provide food for the silk worms.

2. Egg production: Female silk moths lay eggs which are collected and kept in a cool place until they hatch.

3. Rearing of silk worms: The eggs hatch into silk worms, which are then reared in trays. The silk worms are fed with fresh mulberry leaves every day.

4. Cocoon formation: After about 25-30 days, the silk worms stop eating and start spinning cocoons around themselves.

5. Silk extraction: After about 10-12 days, the cocoons are ready to be harvested. The silk is extracted from the cocoons by boiling them in water.

6. Weaving: The silk is then spun into thread and woven into fabric.

Benefits of Sericulture

Sericulture has several benefits:

1. It provides a source of income for farmers.

2. It is an eco-friendly activity as it involves the cultivation of mulberry trees.

3. It provides employment opportunities for rural communities.

4. It is a renewable resource as the silk worms can be reared again and again.

5. It is a high-value product that has a huge demand in both domestic and international markets.

Conclusion

Sericulture is an important activity that has the potential to transform the lives of farmers in rural areas. It is a sustainable and eco-friendly activity that provides a source of income and employment to rural communities. With proper training and support, sericulture can be a profitable business for farmers.

Small scale industry.

A cottage industry is a small-scale, decentralized manufacturing business often operated out of a home rather than a purpose-built facility. Cottage industries are defined by the amount of investment required to start, as well as the number of people employed.

Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.54 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 36% of the world's population.

Limestone or calcium carbonate, CaCo3

Actual resources are those that have been surveyed, their quantity and quality determined, and are being used in present times. For example, petroleum and natural gas is actively being obtained from the Mumbai High Fields.

Cotton grows best in black and alluvial soils. Major cotton producers, such as China, the USA, and India, have regions with these soil types, which support the high temperature and light rainfall cotton needs.

Option A

Non-Metallic Mineral Fuels:

Non-metallic mineral fuels are those minerals that are used as fuels but do not contain any metal in them. They are important sources of energy and are used extensively in various industries. The two examples of non-metallic mineral fuels are:

1. Coal:
Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is formed from the remains of plants. It is one of the most important non-metallic mineral fuels and is used extensively as a source of energy. Coal is used in various industries such as power generation, cement production, and steel production. It is also used as a fuel for heating and cooking.

2. Petroleum:
Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons that is found underground. It is a non-metallic mineral fuel that is also known as crude oil. Petroleum is used extensively in various industries such as transportation, power generation, and heating. It is also used as a raw material for the production of various products such as plastics, fertilizers, and chemicals.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, non-metallic mineral fuels are important sources of energy that are used extensively in various industries. The two examples of non-metallic mineral fuels are coal and petroleum. These minerals are important for the growth and development of industries and the economy.