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All questions of Physical Features of India for Class 9 Exam

What is the average height of the Greater Himalayas -           
  • a)
    8000 m                              
  • b)
    7000 m           
  • c)
    6000 m                               
  • d)
    2000 m
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Khatri answered
Greater Himalayas or Himadri or Himagiri comprises all major mountain ranges of the Himalayas. Greater Himalayas is also known as “Mahaan Himalaya”in Hindi.

Among the four parallel ranges of the Himalayas, the Greater Himalaya appears highest, largest and longest. The Main Central Thrust divides the Greater Himalayas and the Lower Himalayas.

The famous mountain peaks like Mt. Everest (8,852 m) (Sagarmatha of Nepal and Chomolangma of China), the highest peak of the world, Nanga Parbat (8,126 m) of India, the ninth highest peak of the world, Kanchenjungha (8,598 ) of Nepal and India, the third highest peak of the world, and the Zaskar Range stands in the Greater Himalayan Mountain belt.

The average height of the Greater Himalaya belt is 6000 m.

The western part of the northern plains is dominated by:
  • a)
    Doabs
  • b)
    Bhabhar
  • c)
    Terai
  • d)
    Ox-bow lakes
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditi Sharma answered
The western part of the northern plains are dominated by​ the river Indus and its tributaries are responsible for forming it.

The Aravalis are young-fold mountains.
  • a)
    False
  • b)
    True
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

In ancient times, Aravalli were extremely high but since have worn down almost completely by millions of years of weathering, where as the Himalayas being young fold mountains are still continuously rising.

Luni is the only river which drains the
  • a)
    Desert Region of India
  • b)
    Peninsular Region
  • c)
    Central Highland
  • d)
    Malabar Coast
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditya Shah answered
Luni is the river in Rajasthan. It originates in Pushkar valley of Aravali range near Ajmer, passes through the southeastern portion of the Thar Desert and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kutch in Gujarat after travelling a distance of 495 km.

Which of the following physiographic divisions of India was formed out of accumulations in the Tethys geosyncline?
  • a)
    The Himalayas
  • b)
    The Northern Plains
  • c)
    The Peninsular Plateau
  • d)
    The Indian Desert
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The earth is composed of several plates. In the past there was only one huge land mass or the Pangea. This Pangea broke up and drifted apart from one another. The Gondwana land was the southern part of this Pangea. Due to conventional current, this Gondwana land was further broken down and split into several parts. One part of this Gondwana, the Indo-Australian plate started drifting towards the North. As a result it collided with the Eurasian plate in the North. This collision caused the sedimentary deposition of the Tethys to get folded forming the Himalayas.

Which of the following ranges are not part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal?
  • a)
    Pir Panjal
  • b)
    Dhaula Dhar
  • c)
    Mahabharat
  • d)
    Kamet
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Partho Goyal answered
The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal is a mountain range located in the northern part of India, stretching across the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. It is a part of the larger Himalayan mountain range and is characterized by its relatively lower elevation compared to the Greater Himalayas.

Among the given options, the range that is not a part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal is Kamet.

Explanation:
1. Pir Panjal:
- Pir Panjal is a major range of the Lesser Himalayas and is located in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
- It extends from the western part of Jammu and Kashmir to the eastern part of Himachal Pradesh.
- The range is known for its scenic beauty and is home to several popular tourist destinations like Gulmarg and Pahalgam.

2. Dhaula Dhar:
- Dhaula Dhar is another range of the Lesser Himalayas and is located in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
- It separates the valleys of the Beas and Ravi rivers and is known for its picturesque landscapes and treks.
- Popular hill stations like Dharamshala and McLeod Ganj are situated in this range.

3. Mahabharat:
- Mahabharat is not a part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal.
- It is a lesser-known range that lies in Nepal, not in India.
- The Mahabharat range runs parallel to the Himalayas in Nepal and serves as a natural boundary between the Terai plains and the hilly region.

4. Kamet:
- Kamet is also not a part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal.
- It is a mountain peak located in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India.
- Kamet is part of the Greater Himalayas and is one of the highest peaks in the region, standing at an elevation of 7,756 meters.

In summary, among the given options, Kamet is the range that is not a part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal.

Shipkila, Bhor, Nathula and Pal are -           
  • a)
    Peaks                 
  • b)
    Passes           
  • c)
    Ranges               
  • d)
    All the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sakshi sharma answered
The Nathula Pass or Nathu La Pass is a mountain pass in the Himalayan Mountain Range. It links the state of Sikkim in India with the Tibetan Autonomous Region in China. The Shipki pass or Shipki La Pass is a mountain pass and boundary check post on the border between India and China. The Sutlej River moves into India from Tibet via this pass.

Where is Mt. Everest situated ?           
  • a)
    India                  
  • b)
    Nepal           
  • c)
    China                 
  • d)
    Pakistan
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arjun Sharma answered
Everest — Nepal-Side and China-Side. Mount Everest is located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, China. It's the world's highest mountain with Tibetan name Chomolungma and Nepalese name Sagarmatha.

The longitudinal valleys lying between lesser Himalayas and Shivaliks are known as _______.
  • a)
    Kangra Valley
  • b)
    Patkai Bum
  • c)
    Passes
  • d)
    Duns
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
The longitudinal vally is longitudinal valleys between the lesser himalayas and shiwaliks are known as ‘duns’ in the west and ‘duars’ in the east. Dehra Dun, Kothari Dun and Patli Dun are the important examples.

Which river marks the eastern-most boundary of the Himalayas ?           
  • a)
    Ganga           
  • b)
    Brahmaputra           
  • c)
    Yamuna           
  • d)
    Godavari
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
The Brahmaputra River marks the eastern boundary of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply towards south and form the Eastern hills or The Purvachal.
Following are the characteristics of Purvachal:
(a) These hills run through the north eastern states of India.
(b) They are mostly composed of sandstones (i.e. Sedimentary rocks).
(c) These hills are covered with dense forest.
(d) These hills are composed of the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, Manipuri Hills and Mizo Hills.

Which of the following divisions of India has the oldest landmass?
  • a)
    The peninsular part
  • b)
    The Himalayan mountain
  • c)
    The Vindhya mountain
  • d)
    All the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gargi Das answered
Oldest Landmass in India:

India has a diverse topography with different landforms and divisions. The country can be broadly divided into three geological divisions- the peninsular part, the Himalayan mountain range, and the Indo-Gangetic plain. Out of these three divisions, the peninsular part has the oldest landmass.

The Peninsular Part:

The peninsular part of India is a vast region that comprises the Deccan Plateau and the Eastern and Western Ghats. It covers the southern part of India and is surrounded by water on three sides- the Arabian Sea to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the east, and the Indian Ocean to the south.

The peninsular part of India is made up of ancient rocks, some of which are more than a billion years old. These rocks were formed during the Precambrian era and were part of the Gondwana landmass.

The peninsular region of India consists of several plateaus and hill ranges, including the Malwa Plateau, the Satpura Range, the Vindhya Range, and the Eastern and Western Ghats. These landforms have been formed due to various geological processes over millions of years.

The Himalayan Mountain Range:

The Himalayan mountain range is the youngest landform in India and is still being formed. The range is located in the northern part of India and stretches for over 2,400 kilometers from the Indus River in the west to the Brahmaputra River in the east.

The Himalayas were formed due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. This collision caused the upliftment of the Himalayan range, which is still continuing at a rate of 5mm to 10mm per year.

The Himalayan range is home to some of the highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest, K2, and Kangchenjunga.

The Vindhya Mountain Range:

The Vindhya mountain range is a range of hills and mountains that stretches for over 1,000 kilometers across central India. The range separates the northern part of India from the Deccan Plateau.

The Vindhya range is made up of sedimentary rocks that were formed during the Cenozoic era. These rocks are relatively younger than the rocks in the peninsular part of India.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the peninsular part of India has the oldest landmass. The region is made up of ancient rocks that were formed during the Precambrian era and were part of the Gondwana landmass. The Himalayan range is the youngest landform in India and is still being formed, while the Vindhya range is relatively younger than the rocks in the peninsular part of India.

Which of the following countries or continents was not a part of the ancient landmass of Gondwanaland?
  • a)
    India
  • b)
    Australia
  • c)
    Europe
  • d)
    South America
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rahul Mehta answered
The large northern continent is called Laurasia and the southern continent is called Gondwanaland. Laurasia and Gondwanaland were separated by an ocean called Tethys that no longer exists today. The long direction of Tethys runs east-west rather than north-south like the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans today. 

Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhya range -           
  • a)
    Deccan               
  • b)
    Central           
  • c)
    Malwa                
  • d)
    Peninsular
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Srijita answered
The Malwa Plateau roughly forms a triangle based on the Vindhyan Hills, bounded by the Aravali Range in the west and Madhya Bharat Pathar to the north and Bundelkhand to the east.

Where are the Ganga entre the northern plains?           
  • a)
    Delhi                 
  • b)
    Mumbai           
  • c)
    Haridwar            
  • d)
    Allahabad
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
 The River Ganges enters the North Indian plains at Haridwar. Haridwar forms an important destination for the Hindu pilgrims from all over the world. Kumbha Mela, one of the most sacred events for Hindus, is held at Haridwar, Prayag, Nashik and Ujjain. The Kumbha Mela occurs four times every twelve years, once at each of the four locations. Millions of devotees gather at Haridwar on the occasion of Kumbha Mela and other important Hindu festivals. Har ki pairi, where the entire riverside is lit up with the glow of hundreds of lamps, in the evening, is the most important pilgrimage spot in Haridwar. 
 

Geologically, which of the following physiographic divisions of India is supposed to be one of the most stable land blocks?
  • a)
    The Himalayas
  • b)
    The Northern Plains
  • c)
    The Peninsular Plateau
  • d)
    The Indian Desert
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Kapoor answered
The Peninsular plateau is a tableland. It is composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. The Peninsular plateau is considered the oldest land mass as it was formed due to the drifting of the Gondwana land. The plateau consists of broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills. 
The Peninsular Plateau can be divided into two regions:
(i) The Central Highlands
(ii) The Deccan Plateau 

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

Name the island group of India that is of coral origin :             

  • A:

    Lakshadweep               

  • B:

    Rameshwaram           

  • C:

      Male                              

  • D:

    Andman and Nicobar

The answer is a.

Rajesh Khatri answered
Lakshadweep islands have coral origin.They are a type of coral reefs which are known as Atolls that is circular or Horse shoe shaped reefs.This can be seen by looking at India map. Lakshadweep islands are somewhat horse shoe shaped.

K2 is the highest peak of the -           
  • a)
    The Karakoram              
  • b)
    Vindhyan           
  • c)
    Satpura                                                      
  • d)
    Western Himalayas
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
In addition, K2 in the Karakoram Range, at 28,251 feet (8,611 metres) the world's second highest mountain, was first scaled by two Italian climbers in July 1954 feet (7,900 metres); the highest, K2 (Mount Godwin Austen), at 28,251 feet (8,611 metres), is the second highest peak in the world.

Which of the following is not a mountain pass in the Great Himalayas?
  • a)
    Bara Lapcha La and Shipkila
  • b)
    Nathula
  • c)
    Khyber pass
  • d)
    Jojila and Lipu Lekh
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vivek Rana answered
The Khyber Pass is a mountain pass in the northwest of Pakistan, on the border with Afghanistan. It connects the town of Landi Kotal to the Valley of Peshawar at Jamrud by traversing part of the Spin Ghar mountains. 

The  western coastal strip, south of Goa is referred to as -             
  • a)
    Coromandal                 
  • b)
    Konkan                         
  • c)
    Kannad                         
  • d)
    Northern Circar
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Sharma answered
The Peninsular plateau is flanked by stretch of narrow coastal strips, running along the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on the east. The western coast, sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, is a narrow plain. It consists of three sections. The northern part of the coast is called the Konkan (Mumbai – Goa), the central stretch is called the Kannad Plain while the southern stretch is referred to as the Malabar coast.

Which of the following is the highest peak in India?
  • a)
    Mt. Everest
  • b)
    Kanchenjunga
  • c)
    Nanga Parbat
  • d)
    Nandadevi
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Hansa Sharma answered
The Kangchenjunga is the highest mountain peak in India and ranked 3rd highest summit in the world with an elevation of 8,586 m (28,169 ft). The highest mountainKangchenjunga is located at the border of India and Nepal in the great Himalayas range,Sikkim.

Which of the following physical features forms a natural barrier to the north of India?
  • a)
    Kunlun Mountains
  • b)
    Plateau of Tibet
  • c)
    River Brahamaputra
  • d)
    The Himalayas
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Aruna Singh answered
Located along India's northern border. This mountain range is the highest in the world. They form a natural border between the Indian subcontinent and most of the rest of Asia. The Himalayas live up to their name, which means "home of snows." The highest peaks are always covered in snow and ice. Fierce storms can dump 10 feet of snow on the area at one time. Water from glaciers in the Himalaya Mountains feeds northern India's major rivers. Underneath the Himalaya Mountains, the Earth is always moving. This movement causes Mount Everest to rise slightly every year. It also makes earthquakes and landslides common in the area.

The average width of the Himachal or lesser Himalaya is –             
  • a)
    5 km                                
  • b)
    50 km                             
  • c)
    500 km                          
  • d)
    5500 meters
Correct answer is 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal: The altitude of this range lies between 1000 and 4500 metres and the average width is 50 KM. The Prominent ranges in this are Pir Panjal, Dhaula Dhar and Mahabharata ranges.
It compresses of many famous hill stations like Shimla, Dalhousie Darjeeling, Chakrata, Mussoorie, Nanital etc. It also comprises of famous valleys like Kashmir, Kullu, Kangra etc.

Which river flows north west between Zaskar and Ladakh ranges ?           
  • a)
    Indus                 
  • b)
    Ganga           
  • c)
    Yamuna             
  • d)
    Narmada
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The Stod carries meltwater of the Drang-drung glacier below the Pensi-la, and flows down a broad open valley, approaching the Lungnak. As the Zangskar river, their united waters flow northwards through a gorge in the Zanskar range, to join the Indus at Nyemo in Central Ladakh.

The height of Mt. Everest above sea level is
  • a)
    8598 metres
  • b)
    8491 metres
  • c)
    8172 metres
  • d)
    8848 metres
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditi Sharma answered
The China–Nepal border runs across Mt. Everest's summit point. Its elevation of 8,848 m was most recently established in 2020 by the Nepali and Chinese authorities.

The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent. Which of the following is the name of the northern-most range?
  • a)
    The Himachal
  • b)
    The Himadri
  • c)
    The Shivaliks
  • d)
    The Purvanchal
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shiwalik:
a) The outer most range is known as the Shiwalik.
b) Its width is of 10-50 km and has an altitude varying between 900 and 1000m.
c) These ranges are composed of loose river deposits brought down by rivers from the main Himalayan ranges located for north.
The longitudinal valley lying between lesser himalayaand shiwaliks are known as duns. 

The Peninsular Plateau of India is part of which of the following landmass?
  • a)
    Angaraland
  • b)
    Gondwanaland
  • c)
    Tethys
  • d)
    Eurasian Plate
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
Peninsular plateau is nothing but Indian peninsula.Indian peninsula was a part of Gondwana land.Peninsular plateau is the oldest landmass because Over 200 million years ago Gondwana land was split into pieces and the indian peninsular plate collided with the much larger eurasian plate.

Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called as –
  • a)
    Himachal    
  • b)
    Uttaranchal
  • c)
    Purvanchal  
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditya Kumar answered
Purvachal (Eastern Highlands) are mountain ranges in eastern India. They extend over 37,900 square miles (98,000 square km) in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and eastern Assam states.

‘Kumaon Himalayas’ region lies between rivers
  • a)
    Beas and Ravi
  • b)
    Chenab and Ravi
  • c)
    Satluj and Kali
  • d)
    Beas and Chenab
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
The Kumaon Himalayas lie in Uttarakhand and extend from the Satluj to the Kali river. The Lesser Himalayas in Kumaon Himalaya is represented by the Mussoorie and Nag Tiba ranges.

The northward drift of the Indo-Australian plate resulted in its collision with the much larger Eurasian plate. Which of the following was the result of this collision?
  • a)
    The Gondwanaland split into a number of plates.
  • b)
    The continents of Europe and Asia were formed.
  • c)
    Sedimentary rocks accumulated in the Tethys geosyncline were folded.
  • d)
    India and Australia were formed.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kirti Singh answered
The sedimentary rocks which were accumulated in the depression known as the Tethys were folded to form the mountain system of western Asia and Himalaya.
The convectional currents split the crust into a number of pieces leading to the drifting of the Indo-Australian plate after being separated from the Gondwana land, towards the north. The northward drift resulted in the collision of the plate with the much larger Eurasian Plate. Due to this collision, the sedimentary rocks in the Tethys were folded to form the mountain system of western Asia and Himalaya.

A table land composed of crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks.             
  • a)
    Himalayas                    
  • b)
    Northern Plains         
  • c)
      Peninsular Plateau  
  • d)
    Coastal Plains
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vikram Kapoor answered
The peninsular plateau is a table land composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It was formed due to breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land and thus making it a part of oldest landmass. This plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills. The peninsular plateau consists of broad divisions, namely, the central highlands and the Deccan plateau.  

The Himalayan uplift out of the Tethys Sea and subsidence of the northern flank of the peninsular plateau resulted in the formation of a large basin. Which of the following physical divisions of India was formed due to filling up of this depression?
  • a)
    The Himalayas
  • b)
    The Northern Plains
  • c)
    The Peninsular Plateau
  • d)
    The Coastal Plains
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Maitri Singh answered
(a) The Himalayan uplift out of the Tethys sea and subsidence of the Northern flank of the peninsular plateau resulted in the formation of a large basin. In course of time, this depression gradually got filled with deposition of sediments from rivers flowing from the mountains in the north and led to formation of the fertile Northern plains.
(b) It spreads over an area of 7 lakh sq km. The plain is about 2400 km long and 240-230 km broad.
(c) It is a densely populated and an intensively cultivated area. 

In which division of the Himalayas are the famous valleys of Kashmir, Kangra and Kullu located?
  • a)
    The Himadri
  • b)
    The Himachal
  • c)
    The Shivaliks
  • d)
    The Duns
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
THE LESSER HIMALAYA OR HIMACHAL:

1. This range lies towards the south of the Great Himalayas.

2. The altitude of peaks in this range varies from 3,700 to 4,500 meter.

3. The most important mountain range here is the Pir Panjal mountain range and it is the longest range.

4. All great valleys like Kashmir Valley, Kangra Valley, Kullu Valley are present here.
This region is also known as for its hill stations (for e.g. Kullu,-Manali, Kufri, Shimla, Mussoorie, Nanital, etc.).

Which mountain range forms the northern boundary of India?
  • a)
    Eastern Ghats
  • b)
    Western Ghats
  • c)
    Aravalli Range
  • d)
    Himalayas
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Saanvi Kaur answered
The Northern Boundary of India
The northern boundary of India is predominantly defined by the majestic Himalayas, one of the most significant mountain ranges in the world.
Geographical Significance
- The Himalayas stretch across five countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan.
- This range forms a natural barrier, protecting India from cold winds from the north and influencing the climate of the Indian subcontinent.
Height and Extent
- The Himalayas are home to some of the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest, which stands at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet).
- The range extends approximately 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles) from west to east, making it one of the longest mountain ranges in the world.
Cultural and Ecological Importance
- The Himalayas are not just a geographical feature; they are also rich in biodiversity, housing numerous species of flora and fauna.
- They hold significant cultural value, with many rivers originating from this range, which are sacred to various religions in India.
Contrast with Other Ranges
- The Eastern and Western Ghats, along with the Aravalli Range, are important mountain ranges in India but do not form the northern boundary.
- The Ghats primarily run along the eastern and western coasts, while the Aravallis are located in western India.
In conclusion, the Himalayas serve as the northern boundary of India, influencing its climate, culture, and ecology, while distinguishing themselves from other prominent mountain ranges in the country.

Which of the following are young-fold mountains?
  • a)
    The Aravalis
  • b)
    The Nilgiris
  • c)
    The Himalayas
  • d)
    The Sahyadri
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vikram Khanna answered
The Himalayas are known as the young fold mountains because they have been formed only few million years ago.They were formed because of the folding of the earth's crust due to tectonic activity (fold mountains are formed when two tectonic plates collide with one another).

From West to East, the divisions of the Himalayas ore demarcated by river valleys. The part of the Himalayas lying between the Satluj and Kali rivers known as ____________.
  • a)
    Kumaon Himalayas
  • b)
    Nepal Himalayas
  • c)
    Assam Himalayas
  • d)
    All of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Overview of the Himalayas
The Himalayas are a vast mountain range in Asia, stretching across five countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan. The range is divided into various sections based on geographical features, particularly river valleys.
Divisions of the Himalayas
The Himalayas are typically divided into four main sections from west to east:
- Punjab Himalayas: Between the Indus and Satluj rivers.
- Kumaon Himalayas: Between the Satluj and Kali rivers.
- Nepal Himalayas: Between the Kali and Teesta rivers.
- Assam Himalayas: East of the Teesta river.
Kumaon Himalayas: The Correct Answer
The section of the Himalayas lying between the Satluj and Kali rivers is specifically known as the Kumaon Himalayas. This region is characterized by:
- Geography: The Kumaon Himalayas are marked by stunning peaks, valleys, and rich biodiversity.
- Significant Peaks: It includes notable mountains such as Nanda Devi, which is the second-highest peak in India.
- Cultural Significance: The region is home to diverse cultures and traditions, reflecting the rich heritage of the local communities.
Other Sections for Context
- Nepal Himalayas: Located between Kali and Teesta rivers, known for their majestic peaks and attracting trekkers.
- Assam Himalayas: Found further east, characterized by lush green landscapes and rich wildlife.
In conclusion, the part of the Himalayas lying between the Satluj and Kali rivers is rightly termed the Kumaon Himalayas, distinguishing it from other sections of this magnificent mountain range.

Which part of the Himalayas is perennially snowbound?
  • a)
    Great Himalayas or Himadri
  • b)
    Lesser Himalayas or Himachal
  • c)
    Shivaliks
  • d)
    Purvanchal
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Tanishq Sarkar answered
The correct answer is option 'A', the Great Himalayas or Himadri, which is the highest and northernmost range of the Himalayas. Here is a detailed explanation of why this part of the Himalayas is perennially snowbound:

1. Great Himalayas or Himadri:
The Great Himalayas, also known as Himadri, is the highest range of the Himalayan mountain system. It stretches across several countries, including India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. This range consists of some of the highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga.

2. High altitude and steep slopes:
The Great Himalayas possess extremely high altitudes and steep slopes, which contribute to the region being perennially snowbound. With an average elevation of over 6,000 meters, these mountains experience extremely cold temperatures throughout the year. The steep slopes prevent the snow from melting and accumulating, leading to the presence of snow all year round.

3. Snowfall and precipitation:
The Great Himalayas receive heavy snowfall and precipitation due to the moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean. As these winds ascend the mountains, they cool down, leading to condensation and the formation of clouds. These clouds subsequently release their moisture as snowfall, resulting in a continuous accumulation of snow in the region.

4. Glacier formation:
The perpetual snow in the Great Himalayas contributes to the formation of glaciers. Glaciers are massive bodies of ice that form over long periods of time due to the accumulation and compaction of snow. The Himalayan glaciers are crucial sources of freshwater for many rivers, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Indus.

5. Impact on climate and ecosystems:
The perennial snowbound condition of the Great Himalayas has a significant impact on the climate and ecosystems of the region. The permanent snow cover acts as a natural reservoir, storing water and releasing it slowly over time. This helps in maintaining the flow of rivers and sustains various ecosystems, including alpine vegetation and wildlife.

In conclusion, the Great Himalayas or Himadri is the part of the Himalayas that remains perennially snowbound. The high altitude, steep slopes, heavy snowfall, and glacier formation contribute to the continuous presence of snow in this region throughout the year. This unique characteristic of the Great Himalayas has a significant impact on the climate, water resources, and ecosystems of the area.

Which of the following divisions of India has the oldest landmass?
  • a)
    The Himalayas
  • b)
    The Northern Plains
  • c)
    The Peninsular Plateau
  • d)
    The Indian Desert
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Mehta answered
The triangular shaped Peninsular Plateau of India extends from the south of Indo-Ganga Plain to the Cape Comorin (now Kanyakumari). This plateau is one of the oldest surfaces of the Earth and represents a segregated part of the old Gondwanaland.

Choose the correctly matched pair.
  • a)
    Outer-most range of the Himalayas - Himadri
  • b)
    Longest range of the Lesser Himalayas - Pir Panjal
  • c)
    Highest peak of the Himalayas - Kanchenjunga
  • d)
    Northern Plains - Composed of igneous rocks
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Let's Tute answered
  • Option A: Outer-most range of the Himalayas - Himadri - Incorrect. The outer-most range of the Himalayas is called the Shiwaliks, not Himadri. Himadri refers to the Great or Inner Himalayas.
  • Option B: Longest range of the Lesser Himalayas - Pir Panjal - Correct. The Pir Panjal range is indeed the longest and most important range in the Lesser Himalayas.
  • Option C: Highest peak of the Himalayas - Kanchenjunga - Incorrect. The highest peak of the Himalayas is Mount Everest, not Kanchenjunga. Kanchenjunga is the third highest peak in the world.
  • Option D: Northern Plains - Composed of igneous rocks - Incorrect. The Northern Plains are composed of alluvial soil, not igneous rocks. The alluvium is deposited by the rivers flowing from the Himalayas.
  • Summary: Option A confuses the Shiwaliks with Himadri. Option C misidentifies the highest peak. Option D incorrectly describes the composition of the Northern Plains. Option B correctly identifies the Pir Panjal range as the longest in the Lesser Himalayas. Thus, the correctly matched pair is Option B: Longest range of the Lesser Himalayas - Pir Panjal.

Where are Lakshdweep Islands situated -           
  • a)
    Arabian sea        
  • b)
    Bay of Bengal           
  • c)
    Pacific ocean      
  • d)
    Indian ocean
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
Lakshadweep, in the Arabian Sea, is a part of the Indian subcontinent and is recognised as the smallest union territory of India. Lakshadweep means "hundred thousand islands" in Malayalam and Sanskrit. True to its name, these islands are very picturesque and provide a true vacation for those who love beaches, water sports and sea food.The whole of Lakshadweep is nothing but a set of small islands situated near each other. It comprises a total of twelve coral atolls, five banks, three coral reefs, and several islets. The location is near the Kerala coast and falls under the jurisdiction of Kerala state and Kerala High Court. Kavaratti is its capital and it is considered one of the most beautiful places in the Indian subcontinent.

Choose the correctly matched pair.
  • a)
    The Deccan Plateau - Located north of the Narmada River
  • b)
    The Indian Desert - Luni River
  • c)
    The Brahmaputra Plain - North India
  • d)
    The Western Ghats - Parallel to the eastern coast of India
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Imk Pathshala answered
  • Option A: The Deccan Plateau - Located north of the Narmada River: This is incorrect. The Deccan Plateau lies to the south of the Narmada River.
  • Option B: The Indian Desert - Luni River: This is correct. The Luni River is the only large river in the Indian Desert region.
  • Option C: The Brahmaputra Plain - North India: This is incorrect. The Brahmaputra Plain is located in Assam in the eastern part of India, not in North India.
  • Option D: The Western Ghats - Parallel to the eastern coast of India: This is incorrect. The Western Ghats lie parallel to the western coast of India, not the eastern coast.
Therefore, the correctly matched pair is "The Indian Desert - Luni River."

The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to the north of the Narmada river, covering a major area of the Malwa plateau, is known as the _________.
  • a)
    Deccan Plateau
  • b)
    Central Highlands
  • c)
    Aravali Hills
  • d)
    Western Ghats
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kiran Rane answered
Overview of the Central Highlands
The Central Highlands is a significant geographical region located north of the Narmada River. It is part of the larger Peninsular plateau, which is characterized by its elevated terrain and diverse landforms.
Geographical Features
- The Central Highlands primarily covers the Malwa plateau.
- It includes parts of Madhya Pradesh and extends into Rajasthan.
- The region is marked by a series of plateaus, hills, and valleys.
Importance of the Central Highlands
- Agriculture: The fertile soil in this region supports various crops, making it an important agricultural area.
- Mineral Resources: The Central Highlands is rich in mineral deposits, contributing to the local economy and industries.
- Climate: The region experiences a varied climate, which influences the flora and fauna, as well as agricultural practices.
Comparative Analysis
- Deccan Plateau: Located to the south of the Narmada River, it is distinct from the Central Highlands.
- Aravali Hills: These hills are part of the Central Highlands but are not the entire region.
- Western Ghats: These mountains lie to the west of the Deccan Plateau and do not fall within the Central Highlands.
Conclusion
The Central Highlands is a crucial part of India's geography, providing valuable resources and supporting a diverse ecosystem. Understanding its features and significance is essential for studying the Peninsular plateau as a whole.

Chapter doubts & questions for Physical Features of India - Social Studies (SST) Class 9 2025 is part of Class 9 exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the Class 9 exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for Class 9 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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