Lesser Himalayas are also known as Himachal in India.

The Lesser Himalayas, also called the Himachal, are a section of the Himalayan mountain range located in northern India. This range stretches across the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated between the Great Himalayas to the north and the Shivalik Hills to the south.

Characteristics of the Lesser Himalayas:
1. Elevation: The Lesser Himalayas have an average elevation of around 3,000 to 4,500 meters. The highest peak in this range is the Nanda Devi, which stands at an elevation of 7,816 meters.

2. Geological Formation: The Lesser Himalayas were formed due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. This collision led to the upliftment of the Himalayan mountain range and the formation of various ranges within it.

3. Vegetation: The Lesser Himalayas are known for their rich biodiversity and diverse vegetation. The range is covered with dense forests consisting of oak, rhododendron, deodar, and pine trees. These forests provide habitat to a variety of wildlife species, including snow leopards, musk deer, and monal pheasants.

4. Rivers: Several major rivers originate from the Lesser Himalayas, including the Yamuna, Ganga, Beas, and Chenab. These rivers flow through the valleys and foothills of the range, providing water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation.

5. Tourist Attractions: The Lesser Himalayas are a popular destination for tourists due to their scenic beauty and adventure sports opportunities. Hill stations like Shimla, Mussoorie, and Nainital are located in this range, attracting a large number of tourists throughout the year.

Importance of the Lesser Himalayas:
1. Ecological Significance: The Lesser Himalayas are an important ecological region, providing habitat to numerous plant and animal species. The forests in this range play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance and regulating the climate.

2. Water Resources: The rivers originating from the Lesser Himalayas are a major source of water for irrigation, drinking, and industrial purposes. They also contribute to the hydropower generation in the region.

3. Tourism: The scenic beauty and pleasant climate of the Lesser Himalayas attract a large number of tourists, contributing to the local economy. The hill stations in this range offer opportunities for trekking, mountaineering, skiing, and other adventure sports.

In conclusion, the Lesser Himalayas, also known as Himachal, are a significant part of the Himalayan mountain range in northern India. They have unique geological features, rich biodiversity, and serve as a major tourist destination. The range's ecological and water resource importance cannot be overlooked, making it a crucial region for both environmental conservation and economic development.