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All questions of Morphology of Flowering Plants for NEET Exam

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

A flower which can be divided into equal vertical halves by more than one plane of division is

  • A:

    Cyclic

  • B:

    Zygomorphic

  • C:

    Actinomorphic

  • D:

    Heteromorphic

The answer is c.

Trisha Vashisht answered
Actinomorphic flowers are radially symmetrical, they are able to be divided into similar halves in more than one vertical plane.
Zygomorphic flowers are bilaterally symmetrical,they can be divided into similar halves in only one plane.
Cyclic is a type of floral organ arrangement, the floral organs are arranged in regular whorls at the node of the thalamus.
Heteromorphic is a type of incompatibilty, same species produce more than one morphological type of flower.
So the correct answer is C
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Rhizome of ginger is a modification of stem because:
  • a)
    It bears Adventitious roots
  • b)
    It bears nodes and internodes
  • c)
    It is underground
  • d)
    It stores food material
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Bansal answered
To differentiate between underground stems and modified roots,standard morphological character considered is presence an absence of nodes and internodes.

Flowers in which only one set of essential organs is present are said to be
  • a)
    Polygamous
  • b)
    Bisexual
  • c)
    Dioecious
  • d)
    Unisexual
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
POLYGAMY ⇒ The condition of bearing some flowers with stamens only, some with pistils only, and some with both, on the same or different plants. 
BISEXUAL ⇒ The flower having both male and female reproductive organ on the same plant. 
DIOECIOUS ⇒ Both male and female plants may have flowers, but one will have "male" flowers and the other "female" flowers.
UNISEXTUAL ⇒ The flower which has only one essential worl either male or female.

Androecium is the whorl of
  • a)
    Anthers
  • b)
    Stamens
  • c)
    Filaments
  • d)
    Tepals
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
The androecium is the third whorl of a flower whose individual unit is called the stamen. It is the male reproductive organ whorl.
(A) Anthers are the parts of the stamen in which pollen grains are formed.
(B) Stamens are the male reproductive structures, collectively called the androecium.
(C) Filaments are the parts of stamens that connect the anthers to the thalamus.
(D) Tepals are the units of the whorl called the perianth.
Hence the correct answer is 'Stamens'

Stem developes from______.
  • a)
    Plumule
  • b)
    Radicle
  • c)
    Both 1 & 2
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
The stem is the ascending part of the axis bearing branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. It develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed. It bears nodes and internodes.

If the filaments are fused in a single group the condition is
  • a)
    Monoadelphous
  • b)
    Polyadelphous
  • c)
    Both 1 & 2
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
► The condition of stamens in which the stamens are united in a single bundle or group is called monadelphous. It is seen in Hibiscus.
► Polyadelphous is the condition in which stamens are united to form more than two bundles. It is seen in Ricinus.

Main function of leaf is
  • a)
    Manufacture of food
  • b)
    Exchange of gases
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vaishnavi Agrawal answered
C option is correct because as we know that plant make their own food in the presence of light as well as exchange of gases also takes place.

Axile placentation is present in            [2015 RS]
  • a)
    Lemon
  • b)
    Pea
  • c)
    Argemone
  • d)
    Dianthus 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Kunal Rane answered
(a) When the placenta is axial and ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary, it is known as axile placentation. 

A typical flower with superior ovary and other floral parts inferior is
  • a)
    Polygamous
  • b)
    Hypogynous
  • c)
    Perigynous
  • d)
    Epigynous
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Hitakshi Tamta G answered
A typical flower which has ovary placed superior with respect to the other floral organs is called hypogynous. The other floral organs are attached below the ovary to the receptacle. 
Epigynous flowers have an inferior ovary.
Perigynous flowers have a half-inferior and half-superior ovary.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Hypogynous'.

 The standard petal of a papilionaceous corolla is also called                [2016]
  • a)
    Carina
  • b)
    Pappus
  • c)
    Vexillum
  • d)
    Corona
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Maheshwar Saini answered
(c) Papilionaceous flowers are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla. A single, large upper petal is known as the banner or vexillum and the name has been derived from an ancient military standard. 

The floral organs arise from
  • a)
    Mother axis
  • b)
    Thalamus
  • c)
    Root
  • d)
    Pedicel
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Infinity Academy answered
The thalamus or the receptacle is the condensed structure on the pedicle from which the floral organs arise. The thalamus typically has the nodes and internodes but the internodes are highly condensed or reduced. 
(A) Mother axis is the branch that bears the inflorescence or the flower.
(B) Thalamus (also called torus) is the axis of the floral shoot which is the direct prolongation of the pedicel and bears four sets of floral members.
(C) Root is the vegetative structure that arises from the radicle.
(D) Pedicel is the stalk that has thalamus at the end. It bears the flowers. It is attached to the mother axis.
Hence, option B is correct.

A scar on the seed coat through which the developing seed is attached to the fruit is
  • a)
    Hypocotyl
  • b)
    Coleorhiza
  • c)
    Epicotyl
  • d)
    Hilum
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Iyer answered
The outer layer is called testa and the inner layer is called tegmen. There is a scar on the seed coat through which the developing seed was attached to the fruit. This scar is called hilum.

The tissue which attaches the ovules inside the ovary is
  • a)
    Funicle
  • b)
    Hilum
  • c)
    Placenta
  • d)
    Chalaza
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohit Jain answered
The part of the ovary where the funiculus attaches is referred to as the placenta.
In flowering plants, placentation occurs where the ovules are attached inside the ovary. 

Vexillary aestivation is characteristic of the family
[2012]
  • a)
    Fabaceae
  • b)
    Asteraceae
  • c)
    Solanaceae
  • d)
    Brassicaceae
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Roshni Ahuja answered
Vexillary Aestivation in Fabaceae Family

Definition of Vexillary Aestivation
Vexillary aestivation is a type of corolla aestivation in which the largest petal, known as the vexillum or banner, is folded over the other petals in the bud. This type of aestivation is found in some families of flowering plants, including the Fabaceae family.

Fabaceae Family
The Fabaceae family, also known as Leguminosae, is a large and diverse family of flowering plants that includes over 19,000 species. This family is found all over the world and includes many economically important plants, such as beans, peas, lentils, and soybeans.

Vexillary Aestivation in Fabaceae Family
The Fabaceae family is characterized by vexillary aestivation, which is a unique feature of the family. In this type of aestivation, the largest petal, known as the vexillum or banner, is folded over the other petals in the bud. This creates a structure that is similar to a butterfly, with the vexillum acting as the wings and the other petals as the body.

Importance of Vexillary Aestivation
Vexillary aestivation is an important characteristic of the Fabaceae family because it helps to protect the reproductive structures of the flower from damage during bud development. The vexillum acts as a shield for the other petals, protecting them from damage from environmental factors such as wind and rain.

Conclusion
In conclusion, vexillary aestivation is a unique feature of the Fabaceae family that helps to protect the reproductive structures of the flower during bud development. This family includes many economically important plants and is found all over the world.

Bicarpellary, syncarpous ovary with axile placentation is seen in the plants of family_______.
  • a)
    Malvaceae
  • b)
    Asteraceae
  • c)
    Solanaceae
  • d)
    Caesalpiniaceae
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Iyer answered
Solanaceae or nightshades are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, epiphytes, shrubs and trees.
In Solanaceae, the gynoecium is Bicarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, bilocular, axile placentation, placenta swollen, many ovules in each locule, ovary obliquely placed, style simple; stigma bifid or capitate.
So, the correct answer is 'Solanaceae'.

 Testa of seed develops from
  • a)
    Hilum
  • b)
    Ovary wall
  • c)
    Outer integument
  • d)
    Funicle​
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dev Patel answered
The outer seed coat (testa) of a seed is produced from outer integument of ovule. The inner integument forms tegmen (inner seed coat). Ovary wall forms pericarp (fruit wall).

Broad part of leaf is:
  • a)
    Leaf base
  • b)
    Petiole
  • c)
    Lamina
  • d)
    All
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajat Kapoor answered
Most leaves have two main parts:
(1) the blade and (2) the petiole, or leafstalk. The leaves of some kinds of plants also have a third part, called the stipules. The Blade, or lamina, is the broad, flat part of the leaf. Photosynthesis occurs in the blade, which has many green food-making cells.

Water is absorbed by______.
  • a)
    Root hairs
  • b)
    Root cap
  • c)
    Root
  • d)
    Root apex
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Raghav Bansal answered
Root hairs in plants have large surface area and is surrounded by water soil and nutrients and due to large surface area root hairs absorb water for the growth of plants.

A flower which can be divided into equal vertical halves by more than one plane of division is
  • a)
    Cyclic
  • b)
    Zygomorphic
  • c)
    Actinomorphic
  • d)
    Heteromorphic
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajeev Saxena answered
A actinomorphic flower is a type of flower that possesses radial symmetry. Any type of cut through the center will divide the flower into two equal parts.

Also known as "star-shaped", “regular”, “radial” or a “polysymmetric” flower, actinomorphic flowers can be bisected at any point and have two identical halves. Most flowers are actinomorphic. On a higher level, this is known as floral symmetry.

Stamens attached to petals are
  • a)
    Epipetalous
  • b)
    Epiphyllous
  • c)
    Episepalous
  • d)
    All
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sadiya Siddique answered
Epipetalous means petals attached to stamens, epiphyllous condition is the one in which the stamens are fused with tepals(whorls of perianth) and episepalous is in which sepals are fused with stamens.thus, op A.

Which among the following is incorrect about reticulate and parallel venation?
  • a)
    In reticulate venation, veins are arranged haphazardly
  • b)
    In palmate venation, only one strong mid-rib is present
  • c)
    In parallel venation, veins are arranged in a parallel manner
  • d)
    Rice is an example of convergent palmate parallel venation
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Imk Pathsala answered
  • In reticulate venation, veins are arranged haphazardly.
  • However in parallel venation, veins are arranged in a parallel manner.
  • Both the kinds can be further classified into palmate and pinnate.
  • In pinnate venation, only one strong mid-rib is present and in palmate venation more than one strong rib is present.
  • Rice is an example of convergent palmate parallel venation.

Which plant shows valvate aestivation?
  • a)
    China rose
  • b)
    Pea
  • c)
    Gulmohur
  • d)
    Calotropis
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ruchi Chopra answered
When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate.

Endospermic seeds are found in
  • a)
    barley
  • b)
    castor 
  • c)
    Both a & b
  • d)
    pea
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Sharma answered
Food storing tissue of a seed is endosperm. In flowering plants it is produced as a result of double fertilization. In most monocots and some dicot seeds, the food reserve remains in the endosperm. They are called endospermic or albuminous seeds, example: cereals, castor bean, coconuts, rubber. In majority of dicot seeds (example: pea, gram, bean, mustard, groundnut) and some monocot seeds (example: orchids, Sagittaria), the endosperm is consumed during seed development and the food is stored in cotyledons and other regions. They are called non-endospermic or exalbuminous seeds.

Maize grain is a fruit known as
  • a)
    cypsela
  • b)
    caryopsis
  • c)
    legume
  • d)
    achene
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Dev Patel answered
Caryopsis is a small, indehiscent, one seeded fruit developping from a monocarpellary ovary and in which the pericarp is fused with the seed coat. The seed copletely fills the chamber, e.g., wheat, maize.

Monstera has
  • a)
    Adventitious roots
  • b)
    Tap root system
  • c)
    Fibrous root system
  • d)
    Tertiary root
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
In some plants, like grass,Monsteraand the banyan tree, roots arisefrom parts of the plant other than theradicle and are called adventitious roots

Syncarpous gynoecium has two or more
  • a)
    free carpels
  • b)
    fused carpels
  • c)
    free ovaries
  • d)
    All
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shruti Lende answered
In a syncarpous gynoecium, the "fused" ovaries of the constituentcarpels may be referred to collectively as a single compound ovary. It can be a challenge to determine how manycarpels fused to form a syncarpous gynoecium. ... Within the compound ovary, the carpels may have distinct locules divided by walls called septa. 

निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:
1. जैविक कचरे द्वारा जल प्रदूषण को जैव रासायनिक ऑक्सीजन डिमांड (बीओडी) के संदर्भ में मापा जाता है।
2. बीओडी पानी में मौजूद कार्बनिक कचरे को विघटित करने में बैक्टीरिया द्वारा आवश्यक घुलित ऑक्सीजन की मात्रा है।
3. यह प्रति लीटर पानी में ऑक्सीजन के मिलीग्राम में व्यक्त किया जाता है।
इनमें से कौन सा कथन सही है / सही है?
  • a)
    केवल 1 और 2
  • b)
    केवल 2 और 3
  • c)
    केवल 1 और 3
  • d)
    ऊपर के सभी
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Deepa Iyer answered
डीओ, बीओडी, पानी में कार्बनिक और अकार्बनिक कचरे की कॉड उपस्थिति पानी की भंग ऑक्सीजन (डीओ) सामग्री को कम कर देती है। 8.0 मिलीग्राम एल -1 से नीचे डीओ सामग्री वाले पानी को दूषित माना जा सकता है। नीचे डीओ सामग्री वाला पानी। 4.0 मिलीग्राम एल -1 को अत्यधिक प्रदूषित माना जाता है। जलीय जीवों के अस्तित्व के लिए पानी की मात्रा महत्वपूर्ण है।

In unilocular ovary with a single ovule the placentation is :
[2010]
  • a)
    Marginal
  • b)
    Basal
  • c)
    Free Central
  • d)
    Axile
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aashna Mukherjee answered
In basal type of placentation, the ovary is unilocular with a single ovule. In this the placenta is at the base of the ovary. It is seen in Polygonum.

Cymose inflorescence is present in :
[2012]
  • a)
    Solanum
  • b)
    Sesbania
  • c)
    Trifolium
  • d)
    Brassica
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Subham Chavan answered
Cymose infloresence in present in Solanum.  Cymose inflorescence is the name of determinate or definite inflorescence in which the tip of the main axis terminates in a flower and further growth continues by one or more lateral branches which also behave like the main axis.

Which of the following is not a correct floral character of the members of the family Solanaceae?
  • a)
    Flower : Zygomorphic
  • b)
    Calyx: Valvate aestivation
  • c)
    Stamens: Epipetalous
  • d)
    Fruit: Berry or capsule
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sinjini Das answered
Answer:

The correct answer is option A) Flower: Zygomorphic.

Explanation:

The family Solanaceae, also known as the nightshade family, includes a wide variety of flowering plants. These plants have several distinct floral characteristics that help differentiate them from other families. Let's examine each of the given options to understand why option A is incorrect.

a) Flower: Zygomorphic:
Zygomorphic flowers are those that can be divided into symmetrical halves along only one plane. In Solanaceae, the flowers are typically actinomorphic, which means they are radially symmetrical and can be divided into similar halves along multiple planes. This feature allows for easier pollination by a wide range of pollinators. Therefore, option A is incorrect.

b) Calyx: Valvate aestivation:
Aestivation refers to the arrangement of floral parts in the bud. Valvate aestivation means that the sepals in the calyx overlap at the margins without any part being inside or outside the others. This is a correct floral character of Solanaceae. The sepals are usually green and fused at the base, forming a tubular or bell-shaped calyx.

c) Stamens: Epipetalous:
Epipetalous stamens are those that are attached to the petals. In Solanaceae, the stamens are often epipetalous, meaning they are attached to the corolla (petals) of the flower. This arrangement is common in many plants of the family and can be observed in flowers such as tomato, potato, and tobacco.

d) Fruit: Berry or capsule:
The fruit in Solanaceae can be either a berry or a capsule. A berry is a fleshy fruit with multiple seeds embedded in the pulp, such as tomatoes or peppers. On the other hand, a capsule is a dry fruit that opens to release its seeds, such as in the case of the genus Datura or Physalis. This is a correct floral character of Solanaceae.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option A) Flower: Zygomorphic, as the flowers of Solanaceae are typically actinomorphic rather than zygomorphic.

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of dicotyledonous seeds?
  • a)
    They have a single cotyledon.
  • b)
    The endosperm is well-developed and absorbs the cotyledons.
  • c)
    The seed possesses two embryonic leaves or cotyledons
  • d)
    The seed coat is absent.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anu Saha answered
**Characteristic feature of dicotyledonous seeds: The embryo possesses one seed leaf (cotyledon)**

Dicotyledonous seeds are seeds that come from angiosperms (flowering plants) belonging to the class Magnoliopsida. These seeds have several characteristic features, and one of the most distinctive features is that the embryo possesses one seed leaf or cotyledon.

**Explanation:**

1. **Cotyledons:** Cotyledons are the first leaves that emerge from the embryo of a seed. In dicotyledonous seeds, the embryo possesses two cotyledons. These cotyledons serve as a food source for the developing seedling until it becomes photosynthetically active. They are usually thick and fleshy in nature.

2. **Embryo:** The embryo is the tiny, undeveloped plant inside the seed. In dicotyledonous seeds, the embryo possesses two cotyledons. However, the statement in the question is incorrect as it states that the embryo possesses one cotyledon.

3. **Endosperm:** The endosperm is a tissue that provides nourishment to the developing embryo in some seeds. In dicotyledonous seeds, the endosperm is present but is usually not well-developed. Instead, the cotyledons take over the role of storing and supplying nutrients to the growing seedling.

4. **Seed coat:** The seed coat is the protective covering of the seed. It is formed from the outer layer of the ovule after fertilization. In dicotyledonous seeds, the seed coat is present and serves to protect the embryo and its food reserves from damage and desiccation.

In summary, the correct characteristic feature of dicotyledonous seeds is that the embryo possesses two seed leaves or cotyledons. This feature distinguishes them from monocotyledonous seeds, which have only one seed leaf. The endosperm in dicotyledonous seeds is usually not well-developed, and the seed coat is present for protection.

Tobacco and Petunia belong to family
  • a)
    Solanaceae
  • b)
    Poaceae
  • c)
    Brassicaceae
  • d)
    Fabaceae
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Harihara Samavela answered
Epiphyllous stamen, superior ovary with bicarpel synacarpous obliquely placed ovary characters are present in these plants

Diadelphous is found in  [2021]
  • a)
    Pea
  • b)
    Citrus
  • c)
    China rose
  • d)
    Lily
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Jyoti Sengupta answered
The stamens may be united into one bunch or one bundle (monoadelphous) as in china rose, or two bundles (diadelphous) as in pea, or into more than two bundles (polyadelphous) as in citrus.

Chapter doubts & questions for Morphology of Flowering Plants - Topic-wise MCQ Tests for NEET 2025 is part of NEET exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for NEET 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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