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All questions of Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers for NEET Exam

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C2H5OH and CH3OCH3 are:
  • a)
    Position isomers
  • b)
    Functional isomers
  • c)
    Chain isomer
  • d)
    Metamers
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Vivek Rana answered
Alkyl alcohol and ether having same molecular formula ( Here C2H6O) are functional isomers of each other. As both having different functional group first one has -OH & second one has -O- functional group in the same carbon chain respectively .

 Phenol is acidic due to resonance stabilization of its conjugate base :
  • a)
    O-H
  • b)
    Benzyl alcohol
  • c)
    Alkoxide ion
  • d)
    Phenoxide ion
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Rishika Patel answered
Polarity of Phenol

Phenol, also known as benzenol or carbolic acid, is an aromatic compound that consists of a benzene ring bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). The presence of the hydroxyl group makes phenol a polar molecule because oxygen is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen.

Acidity of Phenol

Phenol is considered an acid because it can donate a proton (H+) and form a conjugate base. The acidity of phenol is attributed to resonance stabilization of its conjugate base, the phenoxide ion.

Resonance Stabilization of Phenoxide Ion

When phenol loses a proton, it forms the phenoxide ion (C6H5O-). The phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized, which means that the negative charge can be delocalized over the entire ring system through resonance structures.

Resonance Structures of Phenoxide Ion

The resonance structures of the phenoxide ion can be represented as follows:

1. In the first resonance structure, the lone pair on the oxygen atom forms a double bond with carbon, while the negative charge is located on the oxygen atom.

2. In the second resonance structure, the lone pair on the oxygen atom forms a double bond with one of the carbon atoms in the ring, while the negative charge is located on that carbon atom.

3. In the third resonance structure, the lone pair on the oxygen atom forms a double bond with another carbon atom in the ring, while the negative charge is located on that carbon atom.

The resonance structures demonstrate that the negative charge of the phenoxide ion is delocalized over the entire ring system, resulting in stability.

Comparison with Other Options

a) O-H: The O-H bond in phenol is the source of acidity, but it does not explain the resonance stabilization of the conjugate base.

b) Benzyl alcohol: While benzyl alcohol also has an -OH group, it lacks the aromatic ring required for resonance stabilization of the conjugate base.

c) Alkoxide ion: Alkoxide ions are formed when an alcohol loses a proton, but they do not have the same resonance stabilization as the phenoxide ion.

Conclusion

The correct answer is option 'D' (Phenoxide ion) because the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion is responsible for the acidity of phenol. The delocalization of the negative charge over the aromatic ring system increases the stability of the conjugate base, making phenol acidic.

 Nitration of anisole gives majorly:
  • a)
    Nitroanisole
  • b)
    para-Nitroanisole
  • c)
    ortho-Nitroanisole
  • d)
    meta-Nitroanisole
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Prasenjit Malik answered
When anisole is nitrated with a mixture of conc HNO3 and H2SO4 it gives a mixture of ortho-Nitroanisole and para-Nitroanisole (major) products.

 Identify the alcohol or phenol having a stronger acidic nature from the following.
  • a)
    CH3CH2OH
  • b)
    C6H5OH
  • c)
    CH3CHOHCH2CH3
  • d)
    CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mohit Rajpoot answered
- Phenol (C₆H₅OH) is more acidic than typical alcohols.
- This is due to the resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed when phenol loses a hydrogen ion (H⁺).
- The negative charge on the oxygen atom in phenoxide ion is delocalized over the aromatic ring, increasing stability and acidity.
- In contrast, alcohols like ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) do not have such resonance stabilization, making them less acidic.
- Therefore, phenol is the strongest acid among the given options.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

The acidity of phenols is due to

  • A:

    Oxidation process

  • B:

    Resonance stabilization of its ions.

  • C:

    Hybridisation

  • D:

    Presence of O-H group

The answer is b.

Rahul Bansal answered
The acidity of phenols is due to its ability to lose hydrogen ion to form phenoxide ions. In a phenol molecule, the sp2hybridised carbon atom of benzene ring attached directly to the hydroxyl group acts as an electron withdrawing group. This sp2 hybridized carbon atom of benzene ring attached directly to the hydroxyl group has higher electronegativity in comparison to hydroxyl group. Due to the higher electronegativity of this carbon atom in comparison to the hydroxyl group attached, electron density decreases on oxygen atom. The decrease in electron density increases the polarity of O-H bond and results in the increase in ionization of phenols. Thus, the phenoxide ion is formed. The phenoxide ion formed is stabilized by the delocalization of negative charge due to the resonance in benzene ring. Phenoxide ion has greater stability than phenols, as in case of phenol charge separation takes place during resonance.The resonance structures of phenoxide ions explain the delocalization of negative charge. In case of substituted phenols, acidity of phenols increases in the presence of electron withdrawing group. This is due to the stability of the phenoxide ion generated. The acidity of phenols further increases if these groups are attached at ortho and para positions. This is due to the fact that the negative charge in phenoxide ion is mainly delocalized at ortho and para positions of the attached benzene ring. On the other hand, the acidity of phenols decreases in presence of electron donating groups as they prohibit the formation of phenoxide ion.

 We can obtain picric acid from phenol by:
  • a)
    Sulphonation of phenol
  • b)
    By Reimer Tiemann reaction
  • c)
    Nitration of phenol
  • d)
    Halogenation of phenol
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Shreya Gupta answered
Phenol heated with sulphuric acid gives phenol disulphonic acid, which further on reaction with nitric acid forms picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol).

IUPAC name of m-cresol is ___________.
  • a)
    3-methylphenol
  • b)
    3-chlorophenol
  • c)
     3-methoxyphenol
  • d)
    benzene-1,3-diol
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
Meta-Cresol, also 3-methylphenol, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4(OH). It is a colourless, viscous liquid that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals. It is a derivative of phenol and is an isomer of p-cresol and o-cresol.

 Williamsons synthesis is an example of :
  • a)
    Electrophilic substitution
  • b)
    Electrophilic addition
  • c)
    Nucleophilic substitution reaction
  • d)
    Nucleophilic addition
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Shreya Gupta answered
The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction used to convert an alcohol and an alkyl halide to an ether using a base such as NaOH. The mechanism begins with the base abstracting the proton from the alcohol to form an alkoxide intermediate. The alkoxide then attacks the alkyl halide in a nucleophilic substi-tution reaction (SN2), which results in the formation of the final ether product and a metal halide by-product.


Ethers may be used as solvents because they react only with which of the following reactants?
  • a)
    Acids
  • b)
    Bases
  • c)
    Oxidising agent
  • d)
    Reducing agents
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
Ethers resist the attack of nucleophiles and bases. However, they are very good solvents in many organic reactions due to their ability to solvate cations by donating the electron pair from oxygen atom. Ethers are generally less reactive and react only with acids.

Phenol can be distinguished from ethanol by the reactions with _________.
  • a)
    Br2/water
  • b)
    Na
  • c)
    Neutral FeCl3
  • d)
    A and C
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Nisha Banerjee answered
  • Phenol can be distinguished from ethanol using Br2/water and Neutral FeCl3.
  • Br2/water: Phenol reacts with bromine water to give a white precipitate of 2,4,6-tribromophenol, while ethanol does not react.
  • Neutral FeCl3: Phenol forms a violet complex with neutral ferric chloride, whereas ethanol shows no color change.
  • Therefore, options A and C are correct for distinguishing phenol from ethanol.

Which of the following compounds will react with sodium hydroxide solution in water?
  • a)
    C6H5OH
  • b)
    C6H5CH2OH
  • c)
    (CH3)3COH
  • d)
    C2H5OH
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
When phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide solution it gives a colourless solution containing sodium phenoxide.

In this reaction, the hydrogen ion has been removed by the strongly basic hydroxide ion in the sodium hydroxide solution.

An organic compound X is oxidised by using acidified K2Cr2O7. The product obtained reacts with Phenyl hydrazine but does not answer silver mirror test. The possible structure of X is
  • a)
    CH3CH2OH
  • b)
    CH3CHO
  • c)
    (CH3)2CHOH 
  • d)
    None of the these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Baby Ghosh answered
Yup...it will be propan-2-ol..by oxidation it..it will convert into acetone and it reacts with phenyl hydrazine,it produces acetone phenyl hydrazone and there is no aldehyde grp in acetone. so it doesn't react in silver mirror test means with tollen's reagent..

One of the following alcohol is a poison and Ingestion of even small quantities can cause blindness and large quantities causes even death.
  • a)
    methanol
  • b)
    propanol
  • c)
    ethanol
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rithika Mehta answered


Explanation:

Methanol:
- Methanol is a type of alcohol that is considered poisonous to humans.
- Ingestion of even small quantities of methanol can cause severe health issues, including blindness.
- Large quantities of methanol can be lethal and result in death.
- Methanol is often found in solvents, antifreeze, and windshield washer fluid.
- When ingested, methanol is metabolized by the body into formaldehyde and formic acid, which are highly toxic.

Propanol and Ethanol:
- Propanol and ethanol are also types of alcohol, but they are not as toxic as methanol.
- Ingestion of propanol and ethanol in moderate quantities may cause intoxication, but they are not known to cause blindness or death in the same way that methanol does.

Conclusion:
- In summary, methanol is the alcohol that is considered a poison, as even small amounts can have severe consequences on human health.
- It is important to be cautious when handling products containing methanol and to seek immediate medical attention if methanol poisoning is suspected.

Which reaction(s) given below gives dicarbonyl?
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
Correct answer is option 'A,D'. Can you explain this answer?

Gunjan Lakhani answered
Syn vicinal diols undergo oxidative cleavage with HIO4 giving diols, Option (b) and option (c) are anti diol and have restricted rotation.

Lucas test is associated with
  • a)
    Phenols
  • b)
    Aldehydes
  • c)
    Carboxylic acid
  • d)
    Alcohols
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Mihir Patel answered
Lucas Test and Alcohols
The Lucas test is a chemical test used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. It is based on the observation of the rate at which an alcohol reacts with Lucas reagent, which is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride.

Principle of the Lucas Test
- Tertiary alcohols react almost immediately with Lucas reagent to form an alkyl chloride, which is seen as a cloudy solution due to the low solubility of the resulting product.
- Secondary alcohols react within a few minutes to form a cloudy solution.
- Primary alcohols do not react with Lucas reagent at room temperature and therefore do not produce a cloudy solution.

Significance of the Lucas Test
- The Lucas test is a quick and simple method to identify the type of alcohol present in a given compound.
- It is especially useful in organic chemistry labs for qualitative analysis of alcohols.

Application of the Lucas Test
- The Lucas test is commonly used in organic chemistry laboratories to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.
- It helps in the identification and characterization of unknown compounds containing alcohol functional groups.
In conclusion, the Lucas test is primarily associated with alcohols as it is a specific test used to classify alcohols based on their reactivity with Lucas reagent.

The correct statement regarding 3-ethyl-3-hexanol is
  • a)
    It changes colour of CrO3/H2SO4
  • b)
    It is oxidised on heating with copper metal, producing ketone
  • c)
    It gives yellow precipitate with NaOH/I2
  • d)
    It changes colour of cerric nitrate [Ce(NO3)4] from yellow to r
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Srestha Choudhury answered
  • 3-ethyl-3-hexanol is a tertiary alcohol. This characteristic influences its chemical behaviour:
  • It does not oxidise easily. Therefore, it does not change the colour of CrO3/H2SO4.
  • It does not produce a yellow precipitate with NaOH/I2, as this is a characteristic reaction of methyl ketones (Iodoform test).
  • When heated with copper, it generally does not produce a ketone, as tertiary alcohols are resistant to oxidation.
  • It changes the colour of cerric nitrate from yellow to red, which is a typical reaction for detecting alcohols in general, including tertiary alcohols.

Chapter doubts & questions for Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers - Chemistry CUET UG Mock Test Series 2026 2025 is part of NEET exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for NEET 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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