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All questions of Hormonal Control and Coordination in Animals & Plants for JAMB Exam
The main function of prolactin hormone is to :-- a)Influence the activity of thyroid gland
- b)Control development of graffian follicles
- c)Initiate and maintain secretion of milk by mammary gland
- d)Cause ejection of milk
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The main function of prolactin hormone is to :-
a)
Influence the activity of thyroid gland
b)
Control development of graffian follicles
c)
Initiate and maintain secretion of milk by mammary gland
d)
Cause ejection of milk
|
Ananya Das answered |
Prolactin, also called as luteotropic hormone (LTH) or luteotropin, is a protein hormone produced by the pituitary gland of mammals, that acts with other hormones to initiate secretion of milk by the mammary glands.
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?a)Salivary glandb)Pituitary glandc)Parathyroid glandd)Pancreas glandCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
|
Rohit Jain answered |
Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones directly into the blood. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands.
Hormone of hypothalamus are called :-
- a)Growth hormones
- b)Regulatory hormones
- c)Angiotensins
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Hormone of hypothalamus are called :-
a)
Growth hormones
b)
Regulatory hormones
c)
Angiotensins
d)
None of these
|
|
Rajat Kapoor answered |
The hormones of the hypothalamus are called regulatory hormones. The hypothalamus is considered the master regulator of the endocrine system.
The corpus luteum secretes a hormone called- a)Testosterone
- b)Prolactin
- c)Aldosterone
- d)Progesterone
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The corpus luteum secretes a hormone called
a)
Testosterone
b)
Prolactin
c)
Aldosterone
d)
Progesterone
|
|
Sathvika Tadri answered |
Corpus luteum secretes Progesterone (pregnancy hormone) ..option D
Which hormone among these is not secreted by an endocrine gland?- a)T4
- b)MSH
- c)ANF
- d)ADH
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which hormone among these is not secreted by an endocrine gland?
a)
T4
b)
MSH
c)
ANF
d)
ADH
|
|
Rajat Kapoor answered |
Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a 28 amino acid polypeptide hormone secreted mainly by the heart atria in response to atrial stretch. ANF acts on the kidney to increase sodium excretion and GFR, to antagonize renal vasoconstriction, and to inhibit renin secretion.
Withdrawal of which of the following hormones is the immediate cause of menstruation?- a)Progesterone
- b)FSH and LH
- c)FSH
- d)Oestrogens
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Withdrawal of which of the following hormones is the immediate cause of menstruation?
a)
Progesterone
b)
FSH and LH
c)
FSH
d)
Oestrogens
|
Tejas Chavan answered |
Menstruation is caused by the reduction of two hormones, oestrogen, and progesterone, especially progesterone at the end of the monthly ovarian cycle. Hence, withdrawal of progesterone hormone will cause immediate menstruation.Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following is not paired correctly?- a)Parathyroid – Tetany
- b)Insulin – Raise blood glucose
- c)Grave’s disease – Exophthalmos
- d)Cretinism – Mentally retarded
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not paired correctly?
a)
Parathyroid – Tetany
b)
Insulin – Raise blood glucose
c)
Grave’s disease – Exophthalmos
d)
Cretinism – Mentally retarded
|
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
Myxoedema also known as hypothyroidism is caused because of disorder of thyroid gland, It is characterized by swelling of the hands, face, feet.
Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas and maintains the blood glucose level and not raises it.
Hypoparathyroidism has decreased the function of the parathyroid glands with underproduction of parathyroid hormone. This can lead to low levels of calcium in the blood, often causing cramping and twitching of muscles or tetany (involuntary muscle contraction).
Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism). Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus show their influence on- a)Thyroid gland
- b)Pituitary gland
- c)Pancreas
- d)Adrenal gland
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus show their influence on
a)
Thyroid gland
b)
Pituitary gland
c)
Pancreas
d)
Adrenal gland
|
|
Abdul Saleem4367 answered |
Read ncert class 11 humen physiology ,hormone chapter..
Gonadotrophic hormone is produced by :-- a)Interstitial cells of testis
- b)Adrenal cortex
- c)Adenohypophysis
- d)Posterior part of thyroid
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Gonadotrophic hormone is produced by :-
a)
Interstitial cells of testis
b)
Adrenal cortex
c)
Adenohypophysis
d)
Posterior part of thyroid
|
|
Kadambala Hemalatha answered |
Option c is correct becose i will eliminate one by one option interstial cells (leading cells) produce androgens, adrenal cortex produce corticodis (glucocorticoids, minaralo corticodis), posterior part of thyroid gland is contains parathyroid glad it realese parathyroid hormone (hyper calcimic hormone),adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary, pars distalise) relese gondotrophic harmones (both FSH, LH).
Which gland stores hormone in intercellular space before its secretion into blood :-- a)Pancreas
- b)Thyroid
- c)Testis
- d)Ovary
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which gland stores hormone in intercellular space before its secretion into blood :-
a)
Pancreas
b)
Thyroid
c)
Testis
d)
Ovary
|
|
Ananya Das answered |
The Thyroid gland is the only endocrine gland that stores its secretory product in large quantities, normally about 10 days supplies in the extracellular space before discharging into the blood. It secretes iodinated hormone i.e., thyroxine and triiodothyronine that are stored in the colloid which fills the follicle cells and released to blood when needed.
Which of the following controls spermatogenesis :-- a)FSH
- b)LTH
- c)LH
- d)Vasopressin
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following controls spermatogenesis :-
a)
FSH
b)
LTH
c)
LH
d)
Vasopressin
|
|
Nithya Sri answered |
Frnd,
actually the correct answer might be LH
bcuz lh acts on leydig cells which enhance the production of androgens and controls spermatogenesis
actually the correct answer might be LH
bcuz lh acts on leydig cells which enhance the production of androgens and controls spermatogenesis
The follicle stimulating hormone is secreted from :-- a)Posterior lobe of pituitary gland
- b)Reproductive gland
- c)Thyroid gland
- d)Anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The follicle stimulating hormone is secreted from :-
a)
Posterior lobe of pituitary gland
b)
Reproductive gland
c)
Thyroid gland
d)
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland
|
Neha Mansoori answered |
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Option d is correct
Neurohypophysis secretes :-- a)Vasopressin
- b)Oxytocin
- c)Oxytocin & prolactin
- d)Vasopressin & oxytocin
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Neurohypophysis secretes :-
a)
Vasopressin
b)
Oxytocin
c)
Oxytocin & prolactin
d)
Vasopressin & oxytocin
|
|
Sai Nikhil answered |
Neurohypophysis secretes vasopressin&oxytocin vasopressin is for antidiuretic & oxytocin constrict smooth muscles to give pressure to milk to pass through mammary gland
Hormone secreted by pituitary gland is chemically- a)All protein
- b)All steroid
- c)Complex compounds of proteins and carbohydrates
- d)Some steroid and some protein
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Hormone secreted by pituitary gland is chemically
a)
All protein
b)
All steroid
c)
Complex compounds of proteins and carbohydrates
d)
Some steroid and some protein
|
|
Rajat Kapoor answered |
The pituitary gland is a small gland that sits in the sella turcica (‘Turkish saddle’), a bony hollow in the base of the skull, underneath the brain and behind the bridge of the nose. The pituitary gland has two main parts, the anterior pituitary gland and the posterior pituitary gland. The gland is attached to a part of the brain (the hypothalamus) that controls its activity. The anterior pituitary gland is connected to the brain by short blood vessels. The posterior pituitary gland is actually part of the brain and it secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream under the command of the brain.
One of the following is genetic :-- a)Simple Goitre
- b)Exopthalmic
- c)Sporadic goitre
- d)None
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
One of the following is genetic :-
a)
Simple Goitre
b)
Exopthalmic
c)
Sporadic goitre
d)
None
|
|
Kadambala Hemalatha answered |
Option d is correct becose we will eliminate one by one 1st option simple goiter is caused by low secretion of thyroid hormone (hypo thyroidism) or low iodine levels in dite. 2nd option exothermic goiteris caused by high section of thyroid hormone (hyper thyroidism) ,3rd options sporadic goiter due to bigining of enlarge ment of thyroid gland. soo option d is correct.
Injection of which of the following increases metabolic rate :-- a)STH
- b)Insulin
- c)Thyroxine
- d)Testosterone
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Injection of which of the following increases metabolic rate :-
a)
STH
b)
Insulin
c)
Thyroxine
d)
Testosterone
|
Sathvika Tadri answered |
Thyroxine hormone increases BMR of body ...so option C
"Sella turcica" is a :-- a)Depression in brain enclosing pituitary
- b)Cavity of skull enclusing ears
- c)Covering of testis
- d)Kind of endocrine gland
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
"Sella turcica" is a :-
a)
Depression in brain enclosing pituitary
b)
Cavity of skull enclusing ears
c)
Covering of testis
d)
Kind of endocrine gland
|
Krishna Iyer answered |
Sella trucia or 'Turkish saddle' is a depression in the floor of the mammalian skull in the sphenoid (Basi spenoid) bone in which the pituitary gland is lodged. It is also found in skull of chimpanzees, gorilla etc.
Gorilla like man with large head and hands and protruding Jaws is produced due to :-- a)Over-secretion of thyroxine
- b)Over-secretion of growth hormone
- c)Excess of vitamin C in diet
- d)Excess secretion of TSH
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Gorilla like man with large head and hands and protruding Jaws is produced due to :-
a)
Over-secretion of thyroxine
b)
Over-secretion of growth hormone
c)
Excess of vitamin C in diet
d)
Excess secretion of TSH
|
|
Kadambala Hemalatha answered |
Option B is correct becose over secretion of growth harmone (somatotripin) is causes acromagale due to this deasese gorilla like appearance occurs.due to low secretion of growth harmone causes gigantism also called as pituitary dwarf.
Hypophysis cerebri is the other name of :-- a)Adenohypo physis
- b)Islets of langerhans
- c)Neurohypophysis
- d)Pituitary gland
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Hypophysis cerebri is the other name of :-
a)
Adenohypo physis
b)
Islets of langerhans
c)
Neurohypophysis
d)
Pituitary gland
|
Supriya Senapati answered |
Pituitary gland. Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary gland is protected by a bony structure called the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.
The term hypophysis (from the Greek for “lying under”)—another name for the pituitary—refers to the gland's position on the underside of the brain.
The term hypophysis (from the Greek for “lying under”)—another name for the pituitary—refers to the gland's position on the underside of the brain.
Diabetes insipidus disease is caused due to the deficiency of hormone produced by :-- a)Pituitary
- b)Adrenal
- c)Pancreas
- d)Thyroid
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Diabetes insipidus disease is caused due to the deficiency of hormone produced by :-
a)
Pituitary
b)
Adrenal
c)
Pancreas
d)
Thyroid
|
Om Desai answered |
Diabetes insipidus is a pathological endocrine condition characterized by excessive thirst and excessive production of very dilute urine. The disorder is caused by a lack of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) or a blocking of its action. This hormone, produced by the hypothalamus, regulates the kidney's conservation of water and production of urine through its ability to stimulate reabsorption of water by the kidneys. Hence, Option A.
I.C.S.H. in male acts on :-- a)Cells of leydig
- b)Sertoli cells
- c)Spermatids
- d)Spermatogonia
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
I.C.S.H. in male acts on :-
a)
Cells of leydig
b)
Sertoli cells
c)
Spermatids
d)
Spermatogonia
|
Mahi Desai answered |
**I.C.S.H. in Male Acts on Cells of Leydig**
ICSH (interstitial cell-stimulating hormone), also known as LH (luteinizing hormone), is a hormone produced and released by the anterior pituitary gland. In males, ICSH/LH primarily acts on the cells of Leydig in the testes.
**1. Functions of ICSH/LH in Males:**
ICSH/LH plays a crucial role in the regulation of male reproductive functions. Its main functions include:
1. **Stimulation of Testosterone Production:** The primary function of ICSH/LH in males is to stimulate the Leydig cells to produce and release testosterone. Leydig cells are located in the interstitial spaces of the testes and are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of testosterone.
2. **Maintenance of Testosterone Levels:** ICSH/LH maintains the optimal levels of testosterone in the blood. Testosterone is an essential hormone involved in various physiological processes, including the development and maintenance of male reproductive organs, secondary sexual characteristics, and spermatogenesis.
3. **Stimulation of Sperm Production:** Testosterone, under the influence of ICSH/LH, promotes the process of spermatogenesis, which is the production of sperm. It acts on the Sertoli cells, which are located within the seminiferous tubules of the testes and support the development and maturation of sperm cells.
**2. Target Cells of ICSH/LH in Males:**
ICSH/LH primarily acts on the cells of Leydig in the testes. These target cells include:
**a) Cells of Leydig:** ICSH/LH binds to specific receptors on the surface of Leydig cells, triggering a series of biochemical reactions within the cells. This leads to the production and release of testosterone into the bloodstream. Testosterone then acts on various target tissues and cells throughout the body, exerting its effects.
**b) Sertoli Cells:** Although ICSH/LH does not directly act on Sertoli cells, it indirectly influences their function. Testosterone, which is stimulated by ICSH/LH, acts on Sertoli cells to support the development and maturation of sperm cells during spermatogenesis.
**c) Spermatids:** Spermatids are the immature sperm cells formed during the process of spermatogenesis. ICSH/LH indirectly influences the development of spermatids by stimulating testosterone production, which acts on Sertoli cells to support their maturation into fully functional sperm cells.
**d) Spermatogonia:** Spermatogonia are the germ cells in the testes that undergo mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into spermatocytes, which further develop into spermatids. ICSH/LH indirectly influences spermatogonia by promoting spermatogenesis and the development of mature sperm cells.
In summary, ICSH/LH acts primarily on the cells of Leydig in the testes, stimulating the production and release of testosterone. Testosterone, in turn, influences Sertoli cells, spermatids, and spermatogonia, supporting the process of spermatogenesis and the development of mature sperm cells.
ICSH (interstitial cell-stimulating hormone), also known as LH (luteinizing hormone), is a hormone produced and released by the anterior pituitary gland. In males, ICSH/LH primarily acts on the cells of Leydig in the testes.
**1. Functions of ICSH/LH in Males:**
ICSH/LH plays a crucial role in the regulation of male reproductive functions. Its main functions include:
1. **Stimulation of Testosterone Production:** The primary function of ICSH/LH in males is to stimulate the Leydig cells to produce and release testosterone. Leydig cells are located in the interstitial spaces of the testes and are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of testosterone.
2. **Maintenance of Testosterone Levels:** ICSH/LH maintains the optimal levels of testosterone in the blood. Testosterone is an essential hormone involved in various physiological processes, including the development and maintenance of male reproductive organs, secondary sexual characteristics, and spermatogenesis.
3. **Stimulation of Sperm Production:** Testosterone, under the influence of ICSH/LH, promotes the process of spermatogenesis, which is the production of sperm. It acts on the Sertoli cells, which are located within the seminiferous tubules of the testes and support the development and maturation of sperm cells.
**2. Target Cells of ICSH/LH in Males:**
ICSH/LH primarily acts on the cells of Leydig in the testes. These target cells include:
**a) Cells of Leydig:** ICSH/LH binds to specific receptors on the surface of Leydig cells, triggering a series of biochemical reactions within the cells. This leads to the production and release of testosterone into the bloodstream. Testosterone then acts on various target tissues and cells throughout the body, exerting its effects.
**b) Sertoli Cells:** Although ICSH/LH does not directly act on Sertoli cells, it indirectly influences their function. Testosterone, which is stimulated by ICSH/LH, acts on Sertoli cells to support the development and maturation of sperm cells during spermatogenesis.
**c) Spermatids:** Spermatids are the immature sperm cells formed during the process of spermatogenesis. ICSH/LH indirectly influences the development of spermatids by stimulating testosterone production, which acts on Sertoli cells to support their maturation into fully functional sperm cells.
**d) Spermatogonia:** Spermatogonia are the germ cells in the testes that undergo mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into spermatocytes, which further develop into spermatids. ICSH/LH indirectly influences spermatogonia by promoting spermatogenesis and the development of mature sperm cells.
In summary, ICSH/LH acts primarily on the cells of Leydig in the testes, stimulating the production and release of testosterone. Testosterone, in turn, influences Sertoli cells, spermatids, and spermatogonia, supporting the process of spermatogenesis and the development of mature sperm cells.
Hormone that decrease calcium lavel in blood :-- a)Thyroxine
- b)Parathormone
- c)Thyrocalcitonin
- d)Cortisol
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Hormone that decrease calcium lavel in blood :-
a)
Thyroxine
b)
Parathormone
c)
Thyrocalcitonin
d)
Cortisol
|
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
The hormone calcitonin, which is produced by the parafollicular (or C) cells of the thyroid, has the opposite effect on blood calcium levels as PTH. Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts, stimulating osteoblasts, and stimulating calcium excretion by the kidneys. Hence, Option C.
Parathormone regulates :-
- a)Blood calcium level
- b)phosphate level
- c)Body temperature
- d)None
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Parathormone regulates :-
a)
Blood calcium level
b)
phosphate level
c)
Body temperature
d)
None
|
|
Rohit Shah answered |
The basal metabolic rate is regulated significantly by thyroid hormones, which also contribute to red blood cell formation. These hormones play a crucial role in overseeing the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Additionally, thyroid hormones impact the maintenance of water and electrolyte balance. The thyroid gland also produces thyrocalcitonin (TCT), a protein hormone that plays a role in regulating blood calcium levels.
If amount of ADH decrease in blood, micturition :-- a)Remains unchanged
- b)Increases
- c)Decreases
- d)None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
If amount of ADH decrease in blood, micturition :-
a)
Remains unchanged
b)
Increases
c)
Decreases
d)
None
|
|
Manisha Yadav answered |
Because ADS prevent loss of water .
ADS=anti diutric substance.
ADS=anti diutric substance.
The hormones FSH and LH are together called :-- a)Emergency hormone
- b)Neuro hormone
- c)Gonadotrophic hormone
- d)Antistress hormone
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The hormones FSH and LH are together called :-
a)
Emergency hormone
b)
Neuro hormone
c)
Gonadotrophic hormone
d)
Antistress hormone
|
Umama Aslam answered |
Yaa c is correct because both collectively works on development of gonads...that's why the name
FSH & LH is a :-- a)Catecholamine
- b)Glycoprotein
- c)Polypeptide
- d)None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
FSH & LH is a :-
a)
Catecholamine
b)
Glycoprotein
c)
Polypeptide
d)
None
|
Ayush Joshi answered |
The gonadotropins, a family of closely related glycoprotein hormones, include follicle stimulating-hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) which are produced by the same pituitary cells, the gonadotrophs and chorionic gonadotropin (CG) which is of placental origin.
Storage gland is :-- a)Pancreas
- b)Testis
- c)Thyroid
- d)Adrenal
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Storage gland is :-
a)
Pancreas
b)
Testis
c)
Thyroid
d)
Adrenal
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
The thyroid gland lies in the neck, in front of the upper part of the trachea. Two types of hormones are produced, which are the iodine containing hormones; tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). The gland consists of varying sized follicles, which are bounded by a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells (follicular cells} and a basement membrane, surrounding a central lumen filled with a homogenous protein rich colloid (thyroglobulin).
The colloid is a storage of thyroid hormones prior to secretion. The thyroid gland is the only endocrine gland to store its hormone in large quantities.
Gigantism and acromegaly are due to :-- a)Hyperpituitrism
- b)Hypopituitrism
- c)Hypothyroidism
- d)Hyperthyroidism
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Gigantism and acromegaly are due to :-
a)
Hyperpituitrism
b)
Hypopituitrism
c)
Hypothyroidism
d)
Hyperthyroidism
|
Gaurav Kumar answered |
Gigantism and acromegaly occur when the pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone (hyperpituitarism) due to a tumor on the gland. The difference between acromegaly and gigantism is that acromegaly occurs in adults, typically between the ages of 30 and 50. Hence, option A is correct.
Which is called "Master gland" of the body :-- a)Thyroid
- b)Pituitary
- c)Thymus
- d)Adrenal
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which is called "Master gland" of the body :-
a)
Thyroid
b)
Pituitary
c)
Thymus
d)
Adrenal
|
|
User5881746 answered |
Pituitary gland controls the secretion of the most of the hormones in the humane body so it is called master gland
Can you explain the answer of this question below:Vasopressin is responsible for :-
- A:
Controlling Oogenesis
- B:
Regulating blood pressure and act on the nephron tubules.
- C:
Regulating formation of pigment.
- D:
Controlling spermatogenesis.
The answer is b.
Vasopressin is responsible for :-
Controlling Oogenesis
Regulating blood pressure and act on the nephron tubules.
Regulating formation of pigment.
Controlling spermatogenesis.
|
Saumya Ahuja answered |
Ans.
Vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone, hormone that plays a key role in maintaining osmolality (the concentration of dissolved particles, such as salts and glucose, in the serum) and therefore in maintaining the volume of water in the extracellular fluid (the fluid space that surrounds cells).
The same hormone can be known by various names given in which set :-- a)Secretin, enterokinin, gastrin
- b)Gametokinetic factor, testosterone, LTH
- c)ADH, pitressin, and vasopressin
- d)Oxytocin, tri-iodo-thyronine, thyroxine
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The same hormone can be known by various names given in which set :-
a)
Secretin, enterokinin, gastrin
b)
Gametokinetic factor, testosterone, LTH
c)
ADH, pitressin, and vasopressin
d)
Oxytocin, tri-iodo-thyronine, thyroxine
|
|
Gaurav Kumar answered |
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and targets nephrons to increase water reabsorption and thereby decreasing water content in urine. The man-made form of ADH hormones is named as vasopressin which is administered to the patient with diabetes insipidus. Thu, the correct answer is C.
Urine concentration is controlled by :-- a)Oxytocin
- b)ADH
- c)MSH
- d)ACTH
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Urine concentration is controlled by :-
a)
Oxytocin
b)
ADH
c)
MSH
d)
ACTH
|
|
Vishal Kumar answered |
Regulation of Urine Concentration and Volume Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced by the pituitary gland to control the amount of water that is reabsorbed through the collecting of urine.
Effects of thyroxine on metabolic rate is:-- a)Decreases
- b)No effect
- c)Increases
- d)Uncertain
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Effects of thyroxine on metabolic rate is:-
a)
Decreases
b)
No effect
c)
Increases
d)
Uncertain
|
|
Montu Saikh answered |
Thyroxin hormone regulate metabolism of carbohydrate ,protein, fat as well as increased metabolic rate or bmr
One of the following is correct statement :-- a)T4 is more active than T3
- b)T3 is more active than T4
- c)T3 and T4 are the same
- d)None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
One of the following is correct statement :-
a)
T4 is more active than T3
b)
T3 is more active than T4
c)
T3 and T4 are the same
d)
None of the above
|
Hansa Sharma answered |
T3 is less tightly bound to plasma proteins than is T4 and is therefore more readily available for cellular uptake. T3 binds to nuclear receptors to a much greater extent than T4, hence T3 is more rapidly and biologically active than T4. T3 and T4 are deiodinated and deaminated in the tissues.
Hypothyroidism in adults causes :-- a)Addison's disease
- b)Myxoedema
- c)Sterility
- d)Cretinism
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Hypothyroidism in adults causes :-
a)
Addison's disease
b)
Myxoedema
c)
Sterility
d)
Cretinism
|
Pallavi Chopra answered |
Ans.
There can be a number of causes, including autoimmune disease, hyperthyroidism treatments, radiation therapy, thyroid surgery and certain medications. Hypothyroidism results when the thyroid gland fails to produce enough hormones. Hypothyroidism may be due to a number of factors, including: Autoimmune disease
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's thyroiditis (or autoimmune hypothyroidism), a form of thyroid inflammation caused by your own immune system.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's thyroiditis (or autoimmune hypothyroidism), a form of thyroid inflammation caused by your own immune system.
The endocrine part of pancreas is- a)Hepatic lobules
- b)Centroacinar cells
- c)Islets of Langerhans
- d)Serosa
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The endocrine part of pancreas is
a)
Hepatic lobules
b)
Centroacinar cells
c)
Islets of Langerhans
d)
Serosa
|
Ramesh Chand answered |
The endocrine component of pancreas consist of islet of Langerhans that create and release important hormones directly into bloodstream. Two of the main pancreatic hormones are insulin , which acts to lower blood sugar and glucagon which acts to raise blood sugar level.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C'.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C'.
Function of thyrocalcitonin :-[CBSE-1998]- a)To reduce the calcium level in blood
- b)To increase the calcium level in blood
- c)Oppose the action of thyroxine
- d)Maturation of gonads
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Function of thyrocalcitonin :-
[CBSE-1998]
a)
To reduce the calcium level in blood
b)
To increase the calcium level in blood
c)
Oppose the action of thyroxine
d)
Maturation of gonads
|
|
Sathvika Tadri answered |
Thyrocalcitonin is a hypocalcemic hormone that is produced by thyroid gland...it decreases blood calcium level
Which gland secretes hormones involved in the 'fight or flight' response?- a)Thyroid gland
- b)Adrenal medulla
- c)Pancreas
- d)Parathyroid gland
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Thyroid gland
b)
Adrenal medulla
c)
Pancreas
d)
Parathyroid gland
|
|
Avantika Chavan answered |
Introduction
The 'fight or flight' response is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived threat, involving several hormones that prepare the body for rapid action. The gland primarily responsible for secreting these hormones is the adrenal medulla.
Adrenal Medulla's Role
- The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal glands, located on top of each kidney.
- It is responsible for releasing catecholamines, primarily adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine.
Hormones Involved
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Increases heart rate, dilates air passages, and boosts energy supplies.
- Norepinephrine: Works alongside adrenaline to increase blood flow to muscles and elevate blood pressure.
Effects on the Body
- These hormones trigger several immediate physiological changes, such as:
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure.
- Dilated pupils for improved vision.
- Enhanced energy availability by mobilizing glucose and fatty acids.
- Dilation of bronchial passages for better oxygen intake.
Comparison with Other Glands
- Thyroid Gland: Produces hormones that regulate metabolism but is not directly involved in the 'fight or flight' response.
- Pancreas: Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels but do not initiate the stress response.
- Parathyroid Gland: Regulates calcium levels in the blood and has no role in acute stress responses.
Conclusion
In summary, the adrenal medulla is crucial for the 'fight or flight' response, as it secretes hormones like adrenaline and norepinephrine that prepare the body for immediate action in stressful situations.
The 'fight or flight' response is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived threat, involving several hormones that prepare the body for rapid action. The gland primarily responsible for secreting these hormones is the adrenal medulla.
Adrenal Medulla's Role
- The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal glands, located on top of each kidney.
- It is responsible for releasing catecholamines, primarily adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine.
Hormones Involved
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Increases heart rate, dilates air passages, and boosts energy supplies.
- Norepinephrine: Works alongside adrenaline to increase blood flow to muscles and elevate blood pressure.
Effects on the Body
- These hormones trigger several immediate physiological changes, such as:
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure.
- Dilated pupils for improved vision.
- Enhanced energy availability by mobilizing glucose and fatty acids.
- Dilation of bronchial passages for better oxygen intake.
Comparison with Other Glands
- Thyroid Gland: Produces hormones that regulate metabolism but is not directly involved in the 'fight or flight' response.
- Pancreas: Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels but do not initiate the stress response.
- Parathyroid Gland: Regulates calcium levels in the blood and has no role in acute stress responses.
Conclusion
In summary, the adrenal medulla is crucial for the 'fight or flight' response, as it secretes hormones like adrenaline and norepinephrine that prepare the body for immediate action in stressful situations.
What type of hormone typically interacts with intracellular receptors?- a)Polypeptide hormones
- b)Peptide hormones
- c)Steroid hormones
- d)Amino-acid derivatives
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What type of hormone typically interacts with intracellular receptors?
a)
Polypeptide hormones
b)
Peptide hormones
c)
Steroid hormones
d)
Amino-acid derivatives
|
|
Avantika Chavan answered |
Introduction
Hormones are signaling molecules that regulate various physiological processes in the body. They can be classified based on their chemical structure, with certain types interacting with intracellular receptors.
Type of Hormones
- Polypeptide Hormones: These hormones are composed of long chains of amino acids and are typically hydrophilic. They do not easily cross cell membranes and usually bind to receptors on the cell surface.
- Peptide Hormones: Similar to polypeptide hormones, peptide hormones are short chains of amino acids. They also interact primarily with surface receptors due to their hydrophilic nature.
- Steroid Hormones: These hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipophilic (fat-soluble). They can easily diffuse through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors located in the cytoplasm or nucleus. This binding initiates a cascade of events that alter gene expression and protein synthesis.
- Amino-Acid Derivatives: These hormones are derived from single amino acids and can be either hydrophilic or lipophilic. Their interaction with receptors depends on their specific structure.
Conclusion
The correct answer is option C: Steroid hormones.
- Mechanism: Steroid hormones enter cells and bind to specific intracellular receptors, forming a hormone-receptor complex that translocates to the nucleus.
- Genomic Effects: This complex then interacts with DNA, influencing gene transcription and ultimately leading to changes in the cell's function.
Understanding the nature of these interactions is crucial for grasping how hormones exert their effects on target cells.
Hormones are signaling molecules that regulate various physiological processes in the body. They can be classified based on their chemical structure, with certain types interacting with intracellular receptors.
Type of Hormones
- Polypeptide Hormones: These hormones are composed of long chains of amino acids and are typically hydrophilic. They do not easily cross cell membranes and usually bind to receptors on the cell surface.
- Peptide Hormones: Similar to polypeptide hormones, peptide hormones are short chains of amino acids. They also interact primarily with surface receptors due to their hydrophilic nature.
- Steroid Hormones: These hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipophilic (fat-soluble). They can easily diffuse through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors located in the cytoplasm or nucleus. This binding initiates a cascade of events that alter gene expression and protein synthesis.
- Amino-Acid Derivatives: These hormones are derived from single amino acids and can be either hydrophilic or lipophilic. Their interaction with receptors depends on their specific structure.
Conclusion
The correct answer is option C: Steroid hormones.
- Mechanism: Steroid hormones enter cells and bind to specific intracellular receptors, forming a hormone-receptor complex that translocates to the nucleus.
- Genomic Effects: This complex then interacts with DNA, influencing gene transcription and ultimately leading to changes in the cell's function.
Understanding the nature of these interactions is crucial for grasping how hormones exert their effects on target cells.
BMR is increased due to :-- a)Sympathetic nervous system
- b)Adrenaline
- c)Parasympathetic nervous system
- d)Thyroxine
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
BMR is increased due to :-
a)
Sympathetic nervous system
b)
Adrenaline
c)
Parasympathetic nervous system
d)
Thyroxine
|
|
Snehal Khanna answered |
BMR is increased due to Thyroxine
Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism. One of the main functions of thyroxine is to increase the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body. BMR refers to the amount of energy expended by an individual at rest to maintain basic bodily functions such as breathing, circulation, and cell production.
Effects of Thyroxine on BMR:
Thyroxine acts on various tissues and organs in the body to increase the BMR. The following are the key mechanisms by which thyroxine increases BMR:
1. Stimulation of Protein Synthesis:
Thyroxine stimulates the synthesis of proteins in the body, including enzymes involved in metabolism. This leads to an increase in the metabolic rate as more energy is required for the synthesis and maintenance of proteins.
2. Enhancement of Oxygen Consumption:
Thyroxine increases the consumption of oxygen by the cells. Increased oxygen consumption is required for the efficient breakdown of nutrients and the production of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This increased energy production further raises the BMR.
3. Acceleration of Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism:
Thyroxine enhances the breakdown of carbohydrates and fats in the body. This results in the release of more energy, which is utilized by the body for various physiological processes. The increased metabolism of carbohydrates and fats contributes to the overall elevation of BMR.
4. Regulation of Heat Production:
Thyroxine plays a key role in the regulation of body temperature. It increases the production of heat in the body by enhancing metabolism. Heat production requires energy expenditure, thus leading to an increase in BMR.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, thyroxine is responsible for increasing the basal metabolic rate (BMR) by stimulating protein synthesis, enhancing oxygen consumption, accelerating carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and regulating heat production. These effects result in an overall increase in the energy expenditure of the body at rest.
Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism. One of the main functions of thyroxine is to increase the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body. BMR refers to the amount of energy expended by an individual at rest to maintain basic bodily functions such as breathing, circulation, and cell production.
Effects of Thyroxine on BMR:
Thyroxine acts on various tissues and organs in the body to increase the BMR. The following are the key mechanisms by which thyroxine increases BMR:
1. Stimulation of Protein Synthesis:
Thyroxine stimulates the synthesis of proteins in the body, including enzymes involved in metabolism. This leads to an increase in the metabolic rate as more energy is required for the synthesis and maintenance of proteins.
2. Enhancement of Oxygen Consumption:
Thyroxine increases the consumption of oxygen by the cells. Increased oxygen consumption is required for the efficient breakdown of nutrients and the production of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This increased energy production further raises the BMR.
3. Acceleration of Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism:
Thyroxine enhances the breakdown of carbohydrates and fats in the body. This results in the release of more energy, which is utilized by the body for various physiological processes. The increased metabolism of carbohydrates and fats contributes to the overall elevation of BMR.
4. Regulation of Heat Production:
Thyroxine plays a key role in the regulation of body temperature. It increases the production of heat in the body by enhancing metabolism. Heat production requires energy expenditure, thus leading to an increase in BMR.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, thyroxine is responsible for increasing the basal metabolic rate (BMR) by stimulating protein synthesis, enhancing oxygen consumption, accelerating carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and regulating heat production. These effects result in an overall increase in the energy expenditure of the body at rest.
Removal of Parathyroids in human beings result in- a)Tetany
- b)Simmond's disease
- c)Myxoedema
- d)Addison's disease
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Removal of Parathyroids in human beings result in
a)
Tetany
b)
Simmond's disease
c)
Myxoedema
d)
Addison's disease
|
Pallavi Pillai answered |
Effects of Parathyroid Removal
Parathyroid glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body. Removal of these glands can lead to various complications, one of which is tetany.
Tetany
Tetany is a condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms. This occurs due to a decrease in calcium levels in the blood, known as hypocalcemia. The parathyroid glands play a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance by releasing parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps in increasing calcium levels in the blood. Without the parathyroid glands, the body is unable to regulate calcium levels properly, leading to tetany.
In tetany, individuals may experience symptoms such as muscle cramps, twitching, numbness, tingling, and even seizures. These symptoms occur due to the overexcitability of nerves and muscles in the absence of adequate calcium levels.
Therefore, removal of the parathyroid glands can result in tetany due to hypocalcemia, highlighting the essential role these glands play in calcium homeostasis in the body.
Parathyroid glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body. Removal of these glands can lead to various complications, one of which is tetany.
Tetany
Tetany is a condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms. This occurs due to a decrease in calcium levels in the blood, known as hypocalcemia. The parathyroid glands play a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance by releasing parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps in increasing calcium levels in the blood. Without the parathyroid glands, the body is unable to regulate calcium levels properly, leading to tetany.
In tetany, individuals may experience symptoms such as muscle cramps, twitching, numbness, tingling, and even seizures. These symptoms occur due to the overexcitability of nerves and muscles in the absence of adequate calcium levels.
Therefore, removal of the parathyroid glands can result in tetany due to hypocalcemia, highlighting the essential role these glands play in calcium homeostasis in the body.
Which one of the following is proteinaceous in chemical nature?
- a)Thyroxine
- b)FSH
- c)Progesterone
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following is proteinaceous in chemical nature?
a)
Thyroxine
b)
FSH
c)
Progesterone
d)
None of these
|
|
Akash Gupta answered |
Proteinaceous substances are those that are made up of amino acids and have a complex three-dimensional structure. They are typically involved in various biological functions and processes. Among the given options, the only proteinaceous substance is FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), which is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland.
- FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone):
FSH is a proteinaceous hormone that plays a crucial role in the reproductive system. It is responsible for the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and the production of sperm in males. FSH is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and the beta subunit contains the active site responsible for its biological activity.
- Thyroxine:
Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is involved in the regulation of metabolism and growth. However, thyroxine is not proteinaceous in nature. It is a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine but does not have a complex three-dimensional protein structure.
- Progesterone:
Progesterone is a steroid hormone involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. It is primarily produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries and the placenta during pregnancy. Progesterone is not proteinaceous in nature but belongs to the class of steroids, which are derived from cholesterol.
- Oxytocin:
Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a role in various physiological processes, including childbirth, lactation, and social bonding. Although oxytocin is involved in reproductive functions, it is not proteinaceous but rather a peptide hormone composed of nine amino acids.
In summary, among the given options, FSH is the only proteinaceous substance. Thyroxine, progesterone, and oxytocin are hormones but not proteinaceous in nature.
- FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone):
FSH is a proteinaceous hormone that plays a crucial role in the reproductive system. It is responsible for the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and the production of sperm in males. FSH is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and the beta subunit contains the active site responsible for its biological activity.
- Thyroxine:
Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is involved in the regulation of metabolism and growth. However, thyroxine is not proteinaceous in nature. It is a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine but does not have a complex three-dimensional protein structure.
- Progesterone:
Progesterone is a steroid hormone involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. It is primarily produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries and the placenta during pregnancy. Progesterone is not proteinaceous in nature but belongs to the class of steroids, which are derived from cholesterol.
- Oxytocin:
Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a role in various physiological processes, including childbirth, lactation, and social bonding. Although oxytocin is involved in reproductive functions, it is not proteinaceous but rather a peptide hormone composed of nine amino acids.
In summary, among the given options, FSH is the only proteinaceous substance. Thyroxine, progesterone, and oxytocin are hormones but not proteinaceous in nature.
The main function of thyroid gland is to control :-- a)Growth
- b)Reproduction
- c)Secondary sexual characters
- d)Basal metabolic rate
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The main function of thyroid gland is to control :-
a)
Growth
b)
Reproduction
c)
Secondary sexual characters
d)
Basal metabolic rate
|
Arushi Yadav answered |
The main function of thyroid gland is to maintain Basal metabolic rate. This is Ncert line. Refer NCERT, chapter endocrine gland
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