BMR is increased due to Thyroxine

Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism. One of the main functions of thyroxine is to increase the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body. BMR refers to the amount of energy expended by an individual at rest to maintain basic bodily functions such as breathing, circulation, and cell production.

Effects of Thyroxine on BMR:

Thyroxine acts on various tissues and organs in the body to increase the BMR. The following are the key mechanisms by which thyroxine increases BMR:

1. Stimulation of Protein Synthesis:
Thyroxine stimulates the synthesis of proteins in the body, including enzymes involved in metabolism. This leads to an increase in the metabolic rate as more energy is required for the synthesis and maintenance of proteins.

2. Enhancement of Oxygen Consumption:
Thyroxine increases the consumption of oxygen by the cells. Increased oxygen consumption is required for the efficient breakdown of nutrients and the production of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This increased energy production further raises the BMR.

3. Acceleration of Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism:
Thyroxine enhances the breakdown of carbohydrates and fats in the body. This results in the release of more energy, which is utilized by the body for various physiological processes. The increased metabolism of carbohydrates and fats contributes to the overall elevation of BMR.

4. Regulation of Heat Production:
Thyroxine plays a key role in the regulation of body temperature. It increases the production of heat in the body by enhancing metabolism. Heat production requires energy expenditure, thus leading to an increase in BMR.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, thyroxine is responsible for increasing the basal metabolic rate (BMR) by stimulating protein synthesis, enhancing oxygen consumption, accelerating carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and regulating heat production. These effects result in an overall increase in the energy expenditure of the body at rest.