A stick is look bent when it is emersed in water due to refraction of light comming through the part of stick..... It makes a virtual image

Introduction
When a stick is partially immersed in water, it appears bent at the water's surface due to the phenomenon of refraction. This optical illusion occurs because light travels at different speeds in different mediums.
Refraction Explained
- Change in Medium: Light travels faster in air than in water. When light rays pass from air into water, they slow down.
- Bending of Light Rays: As light rays move from air to water, they change direction, bending towards the normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface). This bending causes the stick to look displaced at the surface.
Visual Perception
- Brain Interpretation: Our brain interprets the light rays as straight lines. When the rays are bent at the water surface, the brain assumes the stick continues in a straight line, leading to the perception that it is broken or bent.
- Angle of Incidence and Refraction: The angle at which light hits the water surface affects how much it bends. A steeper angle causes more noticeable bending.
Factors Influencing the Effect
- Depth of Immersion: The more the stick is submerged, the more pronounced the bending effect appears.
- Water Clarity: Clear water enhances the visibility of the bending effect, while murky water might obscure it.
Conclusion
The bending of the stick at the water's surface is a fascinating demonstration of light behavior. Understanding refraction not only explains this optical illusion but also reveals the complexities of how we perceive the world around us.