Hmm... the presence of coliform bacteria in water bodies indicates CONTAMINATION !!!!!

btw... u hav answered this in ur own question too..... hahahahahaaaaa....lol
See what u actually wrote in the second half of ur question... "give reason for such water pollution"....

buddy we are not such a fool that we cant even hack such a simple clue...... Its completely clear from ur question yrr that answer should be "it indicates water is polluted"......

nd the reason is simple....... This is all due to factory waste disposal in water bodies....... even without discharging them !!

Introduction

If coliform bacteria are found in a sample of water collected from a river, it indicates the presence of fecal contamination. Coliform bacteria are a group of microorganisms commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. Their presence in water samples suggests that pathogenic (disease-causing) organisms may also be present, posing a potential health risk to humans and other organisms that come into contact with the contaminated water.

Reasons for Coliform Bacteria Contamination

There are several reasons why coliform bacteria may be present in water collected from a river:

1. Human and Animal Waste Disposal: Contamination of rivers with human and animal feces is one of the primary sources of coliform bacteria. Improper disposal of sewage, leakage from septic tanks, or runoff from agricultural areas where livestock waste is present can introduce coliform bacteria into the water.

2. Stormwater Runoff: During heavy rainfall, stormwater runoff can wash pollutants, including coliform bacteria, into rivers and streams. This can occur when rainwater carries bacteria from urban areas, agricultural fields, or areas with wildlife populations into the water bodies.

3. Malfunctioning Sewage Systems: Faulty or aging sewage infrastructure can lead to leaks or overflow, releasing untreated sewage into rivers. This can introduce coliform bacteria and other pathogens into the water.

4. Industrial Activities: Certain industrial processes can release wastewater containing coliform bacteria into nearby water bodies. Examples include food processing plants, dairy farms, and factories that produce or use organic materials.

Health Implications

The presence of coliform bacteria in water indicates a potential health risk. While not all coliform bacteria are harmful, their presence suggests that pathogenic organisms, such as viruses, parasites, or other bacteria, may also be present. These can cause a range of waterborne diseases, including:

1. Gastrointestinal Infections: Ingesting water contaminated with coliform bacteria can lead to gastrointestinal illnesses such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting.

2. Hepatitis A: This viral infection can be transmitted through contaminated water, causing inflammation of the liver and associated symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

3. Cholera: Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which can be found in contaminated water. It leads to severe diarrhea, dehydration, and potentially life-threatening complications if left untreated.

Conclusion

The presence of coliform bacteria in a water sample collected from a river indicates fecal contamination, suggesting the potential presence of harmful pathogens. This contamination can arise from various sources, including improper waste disposal, stormwater runoff, malfunctioning sewage systems, and industrial activities. To ensure public health and safety, it is crucial to identify and address the sources of contamination and implement appropriate treatment and management strategies to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases.