Forest are the natural resources that are called biodiversity hot spot because forest are responsible for oxygen and it helps to maintain the ecological balance.

Natural Resources called "Biodiversity Hot Spots"

Biodiversity hotspots are regions with a high level of biodiversity that are also under threat from human activities. These areas are characterized by a significant number of endemic species, meaning species that are found nowhere else in the world. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was first introduced by British ecologist Norman Myers in 1988. There are currently 36 recognized biodiversity hotspots in the world.

The criteria for designating an area as a biodiversity hotspot include having at least 1,500 endemic plant species (0.5% of the world's total) and having lost at least 70% of its original habitat. These hotspots are spread across the globe and include regions such as the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, the Mediterranean Basin, and the Atlantic Forest in Brazil.

Maintaining Ecological Balance in Biodiversity Hotspots

Biodiversity hotspots play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance due to their rich and unique biodiversity. The conservation of these areas is vital for several reasons:

1. Preserving Ecosystem Services: Biodiversity hotspots provide a wide range of ecosystem services, such as clean air and water, climate regulation, and pollination. By protecting these areas, we can ensure the continued provision of these essential services.

2. Protecting Endangered Species: Biodiversity hotspots often harbor species that are critically endangered or on the brink of extinction. By safeguarding these areas, we can protect these species from extinction, maintaining the overall ecological balance.

3. Genetic Diversity: Biodiversity hotspots are home to a wide array of genetic diversity. This genetic variation is essential for the adaptation and resilience of species in the face of changing environmental conditions. Conserving hotspots helps preserve this genetic diversity.

4. Stabilizing Ecosystems: Biodiversity hotspots contribute to the stability of ecosystems by supporting complex food webs and ecological interactions. Each species within these ecosystems plays a unique role, and the loss of even a single species can have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem. Protecting hotspots helps maintain these intricate relationships.

5. Research and Discovery: Biodiversity hotspots are often rich in undiscovered species and hold immense potential for scientific research and discovery. Studying these areas can provide insights into evolutionary processes, ecological dynamics, and potential medicinal resources.

In conclusion, biodiversity hotspots are critical for maintaining ecological balance. By preserving these areas, we can protect endangered species, ensure the provision of ecosystem services, maintain genetic diversity, stabilize ecosystems, and promote scientific research and discovery. It is essential to prioritize the conservation and sustainable management of these valuable natural resources to safeguard the planet's biodiversity.