One male gamete fuses with the egg to give the diploid zygote; the other makes its way to the fusion nucleus in the central cell, already diploid, and by a second fusion gives a triploid primary endosperm nucleus, which is later concerned in. This process, double fertilization, occurs only in angiosperms.

Importance:

It gives stimulus to the plant due to which ovary develops into fruit and ovules develop into seeds.

It restores the diploid condition by fusion of haploid male and female gametes.

It results in the formation of diploid zygote, which develops into an embryo and gives rise to a new plant.

It results in the formation of triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) which develops into endosperm in the seed. It provides nourishment to the developing embryo.

It brings about recombination of characters resulting in variation among the off spings.







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Double fertilization is a characteristic feature of flowering plants. In the process of double fertilization out of the two sperm nucleus, one sperm nucleus fuses with the egg nucleus to form an embryo ( process is called syngamy) and another fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm. This process of fusion of polar nuclei with the sperm to give rise to endosperm is called triple fusion. Since two kinds of fusions syngamy and triple fusion take place, the process is known as double fertilisation.

The advantage of this method is that

1. Endosperm is formed which provides nutrition to the embryo in the seed.

2. Plant does not have to generate energy for the seed before the fertilization process