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In factories where goods and services are produced at mass scale, in mining areas and in manufacturing units where also goods are produced and
manufactured in bulk.

So, few merchants prefer to sell their goods in wholesale and they don't want any kind of mediator in their work and all they want is that customers should come to them and purchase goods and services from them so here both seller and buyer is benefitted in their own ways.


Therefore it can be said that collective of goods and services is cheaper than individual provision



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Public Transportation:
Public transportation systems like buses and trains are examples where collective provision is cheaper than individual provision. The costs of maintaining and operating these systems are spread out among all users, making it more affordable for individuals to use public transportation instead of owning and maintaining a personal vehicle.

Public Parks:
Public parks are another example of collective provision being cheaper than individual provision. The costs of maintaining and preserving public parks are shared among the community, allowing individuals to enjoy green spaces without having to bear the full cost of upkeep themselves.

Healthcare:
In countries with public healthcare systems, collective provision of healthcare services is often more cost-effective than individual provision. By pooling resources through taxes, the government can provide healthcare services to all citizens at a lower cost than if individuals were responsible for their own medical expenses.

Education:
Public education systems are a prime example of collective provision being cheaper than individual provision. By funding schools through taxes, the government is able to offer education to all children, regardless of their financial situation. This collective provision helps to ensure that everyone has access to quality education without incurring high costs.
In all these examples, collective provision of goods and services allows for cost-sharing among a larger group of people, making it more affordable for individuals to access essential services and amenities.