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define human development Related: Chapter 4 - Human Development (Over...
Human Development:
In 1990 the first Human Development Report introduced a new approach for advancing human wellbeing. Human development – or the human development approach - is about expanding the richness of human life, rather than simply the richness of the economy in which human beings live. It is an approach that is focused on people and their opportunities and choices.

People: human development focuses on improving the lives people lead rather than assuming that economic growth will lead, automatically, to greater wellbeing for all. Income growth is seen as a means to development, rather than an end in itself.

Opportunities: human development is about giving people more freedom to live lives they value. In effect this means developing people’s abilities and giving them a chance to use them. For example, educating a girl would build her skills, but it is of little use if she is denied access to jobs, or does not have the right skills for the local labour market. Three foundations for human development are to live a long, healthy and creative life, to be knowledgeable, and to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living. Many other things are important too, especially in helping to create the right conditions for human development, and some of these are in the table below. Once the basics of human development are achieved, they open up opportunities for progress in other aspects of life.

Choice: human development is, fundamentally, about more choice. It is about providing people with opportunities, not insisting that they make use of them. No one can guarantee human happiness, and the choices people make are their own concern. The process of development – human development - should at least create an environment for people, individually and collectively, to develop to their full potential and to have a reasonable chance of leading productive and creative lives that they value.

As the international community moves toward implementing and monitoring the 2030 agenda, the human development approach remains useful to articulating the objectives of development and improving people’s well-being by ensuring an equitable, sustainable and stable planet.
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define human development Related: Chapter 4 - Human Development (Over...
Human Development:
Human development refers to the process of improving the well-being and opportunities of individuals, particularly in areas such as health, education, and income. It focuses on enhancing people's capabilities and choices to lead a fulfilling life.

Key Aspects of Human Development:
  • Health: Access to healthcare services, nutrition, sanitation, and overall physical well-being are crucial for human development.
  • Education: Quality education enables individuals to acquire knowledge and skills, leading to better job opportunities and personal growth.
  • Income: Adequate income levels are necessary to meet basic needs and access essential services for a decent standard of living.
  • Gender Equality: Ensuring equal rights and opportunities for men and women is essential for sustainable human development.
  • Social Inclusion: Promoting diversity and eliminating discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, or other factors is vital for human development.
  • Environmental Sustainability: Protecting the environment and natural resources is crucial for the well-being of current and future generations.



Measuring Human Development:
Human development is often measured using the Human Development Index (HDI), which takes into account indicators such as life expectancy, education levels, and income per capita. The HDI provides a comprehensive overview of a country's development status and helps policymakers identify areas for improvement.

Importance of Human Development:
Investing in human development is essential for promoting economic growth, reducing poverty, and building sustainable societies. By focusing on improving people's well-being and opportunities, countries can create a more equitable and prosperous future for all.
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define human development Related: Chapter 4 - Human Development (Overview), CBSE Class 12 Geography?
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