How did the British export the different between early nationalist and...
Answer: There was always some differences between the moderate and the assertive nationalists in India but both of them had same destination to win the freedom.The early and the assertive of the Indian National Congress had much debate and disagreement among themselves.The early nationalists always want to to get Swaraj by the means of constitutional means, whereas assertive nationalists, always believe that it can be achieved only by pressurizing the government very strongly, otherwise they could never achieve their objectives. The early always trusted in resolutions and petitions only, whereas the assertive always wanted to put more pressure .Bengal partition took place that made assertive finally understand and believe that it is impossible to give any kind of concession by petitions and prayers.The assertive nationalists had a mind to do something strong to remove the British Raj from India whereas the moderate nationalists used to believe in prayers and petition. Hope its help you.
How did the British export the different between early nationalist and...
The British export of nationalism can be understood by examining the differences between early nationalist and assertive nationalist movements. These two phases of nationalism were characterized by distinct strategies and levels of resistance against British colonial rule.
Early Nationalist Movement:
1. Emergence: The early nationalist movement in British India emerged in the late 19th century and was predominantly led by the Indian National Congress (INC), which was formed in 1885.
2. Moderate Approach: Early nationalists adopted a moderate and constitutional approach, seeking limited reforms within the existing colonial framework. They believed in dialogue with the British authorities to secure gradual political and social changes.
3. Demands for Reforms: The early nationalists primarily focused on demanding political representation, civil liberties, and social reforms. They aimed to achieve greater participation of Indians in the administration and decision-making processes.
4. Collaboration with British: Early nationalists often collaborated with sympathetic British officials and used petitions, protests, and political lobbying to convey their demands. They believed in the potential of cooperation with the colonial government to bring about gradual change.
5. Limited Resistance: This phase of nationalism witnessed limited resistance against British rule. Non-violent methods such as boycotts, strikes, and public meetings were employed to highlight grievances and seek redressal.
6. Intellectual Leaders: Intellectual leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Surendranath Banerjee played significant roles in articulating the grievances of Indians and advocating for reforms.
Assertive Nationalist Movement:
1. Intensification: The assertive nationalist movement gained momentum in the early 20th century and was marked by a more radical approach toward British colonialism.
2. Radicalization: Assertive nationalists criticized the moderate approach of the early nationalists as ineffective and demanded more radical changes, including complete independence from British rule.
3. Mass Mobilization: This phase witnessed a shift from intellectual leadership to mass mobilization. Leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Bipin Chandra Pal played prominent roles in mobilizing the masses and advocating for radical demands.
4. Direct Action: The assertive nationalists resorted to direct action and mass protests, including strikes, boycotts, and acts of civil disobedience, to challenge British authority. They aimed to disrupt the colonial administration and create pressure for change.
5. Swadeshi Movement: The assertive nationalists actively promoted the Swadeshi movement, advocating for the boycott of British goods and the promotion of indigenous industries. This movement aimed to weaken the economic foundation of British rule.
6. Repression and Radicalization: The British responded to assertive nationalism with repression, leading to further radicalization of the movement. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919, where British forces killed hundreds of unarmed protesters, fueled anti-colonial sentiment and intensified the struggle for independence.
Overall, the British export of nationalism went through a transformation from the early nationalist phase, characterized by moderate demands and limited resistance, to the assertive nationalist phase, marked by radical demands and mass mobilization. The assertive nationalist movement played a crucial role in shaping the path towards India's eventual independence from British rule in 1947.
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