Ans.

 Founded in 1901, the Socialist Party grew rapidly in the years before World War I, claiming 113,000 members in 1912, making it, briefly, one of the largest socialist movements in the world. The SP won more than 900,000 votes in elections in 1912 and again in 1920. The movement's strength was evident also in the hundreds of party affiliated newspapers and the election of mayors, council members, and other officials in more than 300 cities. The Red Scare that began in 1917 and the loss of the majority of members to the two communist parties founded in 1919 severely damaged the movement, but through the 1920s and 1930s the SP enjoyed significant strength in some states and cities.

The changing strength and geography of the movement is revealed here is two dozen interactive maps and charts showing (1) votes for SP candidates for president, governor, and congress in every county and state from 1904 to 1948; (2) party membership by state and year; (3) locations of 380 newspapers associated with the Socialist Party; (4) 353 towns and cities that elected Socialists to public office prior to 1920.

ideology of the socialist party :

1. Public Ownership:

A socialist economy is categorised by public ownership of the means of production and distribution. There is collective ownership whereby all mines, farms, factories, financial institutions, distributing agencies (internal and external trade, shops, stores, etc.), means of transport and communications, are owned, controlled, and regulated by government departments and state corporations. A small private sector also exists in the form of small business units which are carried on in the villages by local artists for local consumption.
2. Central Planning:

A socialist economy is centrally planned which operates under the supervision of a central planning authority. It lays down the various objectives and targets to be accomplished during the plan period. Central economic planning means "the making of major economic decisions such as type of goods and quantity is to be produced, how, when and where it is to be produced, and to whom it is to be allocated by the conscious decision of a determinate authority, on the basis of a wide-ranging survey of the economic system as a whole."

The central planning authority establishes and utilises the economic resources by deliberate direction and control of the economy for attaining definite objectives and targets laid down in the plan during a specified period of time.
3. Definite Objectives:

A socialist economy functions within definite socio-economic objectives. These objectives "may concern aggregate demand, full employment, satisfaction of communal demand, allocation of factors of production, distribution of the national income, the amount of capital accumulation, economic development." To accomplish, these objectives laid down in the plan, priorities and gallant targets are fixed to include all features of the economy.
4. Freedom of Consumption:

In socialism ideology, consumer's independence infers that production in state- owned industries is generally governed by the inclinations of consumers, and the available merchandises are distributed to the consumers at fixed prices through the state-run department stores. Consumer's autonomy under socialism is limited to the choice of socially beneficial commodities.
5. Equality of Income Distribution:

In a socialist economy, there is great equality of income distribution as compared with a free market economy. The removal of private ownership in the means of production, private capital accumulation, and profit motive under socialism avert the accrual of large wealth of a few wealthy persons. The unearned incomes in the form of rent, interest and profit go to the state which utilises them in providing free education, public health facilities, and social security to the people. "As far as wages and salaries are concerned, most modern socialists do not aim at complete and rigid equality. It is now generally understood that the maintenance offered choice of occupation implies wage differentials."
6. Planning and the Pricing Process:

The pricing process under socialism ideology does not operate freely but works under the control and regulation of the central planning authority. There are administered prices fixed by the central planning authority. There are also the market prices at which consumer goods are sold. There are also the accountings prices on the basis of which the managers decide about the production of consumer goods and investment goods, and also about the choice of production procedur