India's Human Development Index (HDI) rank in 2020 is 131 out of 189 countries. The HDI is a composite index that measures the achievements of a country in terms of three dimensions of human development: health, education, and income. The HDI rank of India has improved from 135 in 2018 to 129 in 2019, but it has dropped to 131 in 2020.


The health dimension of the HDI takes into account the life expectancy at birth, which is an indicator of the overall health status of a population. India's life expectancy at birth has improved from 68.3 years in 2010 to 69.7 years in 2019. However, this is still lower than the global average of 72.6 years.


The education dimension of the HDI measures the average years of schooling and the expected years of schooling. India's average years of schooling have improved from 5.4 years in 2010 to 6.5 years in 2019. However, the expected years of schooling have remained stagnant at 12.3 years since 2014.


The income dimension of the HDI measures the Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of a country. India's GNI per capita has increased from $1,460 in 2010 to $6,681 in 2019. However, this is still lower than the global average of $17,535.


India continues to face several challenges in achieving higher human development. Some of the major challenges are:

- High levels of income inequality
- Poor access to quality healthcare and education in rural areas
- High levels of malnutrition and infant mortality
- Gender inequality and discrimination against marginalized communities


India has made progress in improving its human development over the years, but there is still a long way to go. The government needs to focus on improving access to healthcare and education in rural areas, reducing income inequality, and addressing social and gender inequalities to achieve higher human development.