A converging bundle of light ray is in the shape of cone with a vertex...
**Converging Bundle of Light Rays**
A converging bundle of light rays refers to a group of light rays that are coming together or converging towards a common point. In this case, the converging bundle of light rays has the shape of a cone, with a vertex angle of 45 degrees.
**Circular Diaphragm**
A circular diaphragm is a circular opening that controls the amount of light entering an optical system. In this case, the circular diaphragm has a diameter of 20 cm.
**Lens with Power 5 D**
A lens with power 5 D refers to a lens with a focal length of 1/5 meter, or 20 cm. The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length, and is measured in diopters (D).
**Diameter of Lens**
The diameter of the face of the lens is equal to that of the diaphragm, which is 20 cm.
**New Cone and Vertex Angle**
When the converging bundle of light rays passes through the lens, it undergoes refraction and forms a new cone. The vertex angle of this new cone is denoted by theta.
**Calculating tan(theta)**
To calculate tan(theta), we can use the properties of similar triangles.
Let's consider the original cone formed by the converging bundle of light rays and the new cone formed after passing through the lens.
The height of the original cone can be represented as h1, and the height of the new cone can be represented as h2. The radius of the circular diaphragm is r.
Since the diameter of the face of the lens is equal to the diameter of the diaphragm, the radius of the lens is also r.
Now, we can set up a proportion between the heights of the two cones:
h1 / h2 = r / (r + 20)
Since the vertex angle of the original cone is 45 degrees, we can write:
tan(45) = h1 / r
Simplifying the equation, we get:
1 = h1 / r
Substituting this into the proportion, we have:
1 / h2 = r / (r + 20)
Simplifying further, we get:
h2 = (r + 20) / r
Finally, we can calculate tan(theta) by dividing h2 by r:
tan(theta) = h2 / r = (r + 20) / r
Therefore, tan(theta) = (r + 20) / r.
A converging bundle of light ray is in the shape of cone with a vertex...
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