Aridisols (or desert soils) are a soil order in USA soil taxonomy.[1] Aridisols (from the Latin aridus, for “dry”, and solum) form in an arid or semi-arid climate. Aridisols dominate the deserts and xeric shrublands, which occupy about one third of the Earth's land surface. Aridisols have a very low concentration of organic matter, reflecting the paucity of vegetative production on these dry soils. Water deficiency is the major defining characteristic of Aridisols. Also required is sufficient age to exhibit subsoil weathering and development. Limited leaching in aridisols often results in one or more subsurface soil horizons in which suspended or dissolved minerals have been deposited: silicate clays, sodium, calcium carbonate, gypsum or soluble salts. These subsoil horizons can also be cemented by carbonates, gypsum or silica. Accumulation of salts on the surface can result in salinization.

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i. Arid soils range from red to brown in colour. They are generally sandy and alkaline.

ii. In some areas, salt content is so high that common salt is obtained by evaporating the saline water. Due to dry climate, high temperature and accelerated evaporation, the lack of moisture and humus content is normal.

iii. Lower horizons of soils are occupied by kankar because of increase calcium content downward.

iv. Arid soils are characteristically developed in western Rajasthan, which exhibits characteristic desert topography.

v. These soils are poor and contain less humus and organic matter. They are generally used for the cultivation of coarse grains like jowar, bajra, ragi etc. and oil seeds.

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