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Which two of the following five physical parameters have the same dimensions?
(A) Energy density [2008]
(B) Refractive index
(C) Dielectric constant
(D) Young’s modulus
(E) Magnetic field
  • a)
    (B) and (D)
  • b)
    (C) and (E)
  • c)
    (A) and (D)
  • d)
    (A) and (E)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Understanding Physical Parameters
In this problem, we need to identify which two physical parameters have the same dimensions. Let's break down each option:
Energy Density
- Energy density is defined as energy per unit volume.
- Its dimensions can be expressed as [Energy]/[Volume].
- Energy has dimensions of ML²T⁻², and volume has dimensions of L³.
- Thus, the dimensions of energy density are ML⁻¹T⁻².
Refractive Index
- The refractive index is a dimensionless quantity.
- It is the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in a medium.
- Therefore, it has no dimensions.
Dielectric Constant
- The dielectric constant is also dimensionless.
- It represents the ability of a medium to store electrical energy in an electric field.
- Like the refractive index, it has no dimensions.
Young's Modulus
- Young's modulus is a measure of the stiffness of a material.
- It is defined as stress/strain.
- Stress has dimensions of ML⁻¹T⁻² and strain is dimensionless.
- Thus, the dimensions of Young's modulus are also ML⁻¹T⁻².
Magnetic Field
- The magnetic field (B) has dimensions of force per unit charge per unit velocity.
- Its dimensions can be expressed as [MLT⁻²]/[Q][L/T] = MLT⁻²Q⁻¹.
Conclusion
From the analysis, we find:
- Energy density and Young's modulus both share the dimensions of ML⁻¹T⁻².
- Options (B) and (C) are dimensionless, while (E) has different dimensions.
Thus, the correct answer is option C: (A) and (D), as they both have the same dimensions.
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