The decomposers in an ecosystem are microorganisms, comprising bacteria and fungi. They break down the complex organic substances (dead remains and waste products of organisms) into simple inorganic substances, which go into the soil and are used up once more by the plants.

The decomposers in an ecosystem convert organic material to inorganic forms.


Decomposers play a crucial role in the recycling of nutrients within an ecosystem. They break down dead organic matter, such as plant and animal remains, into simpler inorganic forms that can be reused by other organisms. This process is known as decomposition.


Decomposers, which include bacteria, fungi, and certain types of insects, contribute to the nutrient cycling in an ecosystem. They break down complex organic compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, into simpler forms. This process releases nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon, which can then be utilized by plants and other organisms.


When a plant or animal dies, decomposers begin the process of decomposition. They secrete enzymes that break down the complex organic molecules into smaller compounds. These compounds are further broken down through chemical reactions until they become simpler inorganic forms.


The decomposers convert organic material to inorganic forms through several processes:

1. Digestion: Decomposers secrete enzymes that break down complex organic compounds into simpler molecules.

2. Absorption: Once the organic material is broken down, decomposers absorb the released nutrients into their bodies.

3. Assimilation: Decomposers utilize these nutrients for their own growth and energy needs.

4. Release of Inorganic Forms: During the decomposition process, decomposers release inorganic compounds, such as carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, and nitrates, into the environment.

5. Recycling of Nutrients: The inorganic forms released by decomposers can be taken up by plants through their roots and used to produce new organic matter. This completes the nutrient cycle within the ecosystem.


Decomposers play a vital role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organic matter and converting it into simpler inorganic forms. This process releases nutrients back into the environment, allowing them to be reused by other organisms. Without decomposers, the nutrients locked within dead organic material would remain inaccessible and unavailable for the rest of the ecosystem.