What are the problems faced by the textile manufacturers in india in the late 1800s?

Question

Answer

The problems faced by weavers in India were :

When the textile industries in England began to produce cloth, need was felt for imposing import duties on foreign cloth which entered its markets. Thus, various import duties were levied on Indian cloth entering into the British markets. This hit the Indian weavers hard.

The English companies in order to sell their goods persuaded the British Government to remove all import duties on English cloth entering into India. Because these cloths were cheap, the condition of weavers in India became worse as their export market collapsed and the local market was flooded with cheap British cloth.

Also at many a times, weavers were not able to get raw cotton of good quality

Answer

Exports declined and import of textiles increased.
The Indian textile manufactures could neither sell their goods outside India nor could they sell their goods inside India.
Import of English textiles into India increased from 31 % to 50 %.
As imported machine –made textiles was cheaper, the Indian weavers could not compete with it.
Raw cotton from India was exported to feed the Cotton mills of England and the Indian textile industry was without enough raw materials. Soon mechanised textile mill were also set up in India and the hand -weavers were virtually without any work.

Answer

Introduction: In the late 1800s, textile manufacturers in India faced numerous challenges that hindered their growth and development. These problems stemmed from various factors such as colonial rule, competition from foreign markets, technological limitations, and social issues.

1. Colonial Rule:
- British colonial policies restricted the growth of the Indian textile industry to protect their own industries and maintain control over the Indian economy.
- High tariffs were imposed on Indian textiles, making them less competitive in international markets.
- British manufacturers had access to cheap raw materials from their colonies, giving them a competitive advantage over Indian manufacturers.

2. Competition from Foreign Markets:
- The Indian textile industry faced stiff competition from countries like Britain, which had advanced technology, economies of scale, and access to global markets.
- British textiles flooded the Indian market, leading to a decline in demand for Indian textiles.
- Indian manufacturers struggled to compete with the lower prices and higher quality offered by foreign competitors.

3. Technological Limitations:
- Indian textile manufacturers relied heavily on traditional methods of production, which were labor-intensive and lacked efficiency.
- The lack of technological advancements limited productivity and hindered the ability to produce textiles at a competitive rate.
- The industry failed to adopt modern machinery and techniques due to the lack of capital and government support.

4. Social Issues:
- The caste system prevalent in Indian society during that time created divisions within the workforce, leading to inefficiency and low productivity.
- The lack of skilled labor and inadequate training programs further hampered the industry's growth.
- Working conditions were often poor, with long hours, low wages, and little concern for worker welfare.

Conclusion: In the late 1800s, textile manufacturers in India faced numerous challenges that impeded their progress. The British colonial rule, competition from foreign markets, technological limitations, and social issues all contributed to the struggles faced by the industry. These obstacles hindered growth, stifled innovation, and made it difficult for Indian textile manufacturers to compete on a global scale.

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