The correct answer is option 'D': Vertebral column.

The spinal cord is a vital part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is responsible for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body. It is a long, cylindrical bundle of nerves that extends from the base of the brain down to the lower back. The spinal cord is protected by a bony structure called the vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spinal column.

The vertebral column is made up of a series of individual bones called vertebrae. There are a total of 33 vertebrae in the human vertebral column, which are divided into five regions:

1. Cervical vertebrae: These are the seven vertebrae located in the neck region of the vertebral column.
2. Thoracic vertebrae: There are twelve thoracic vertebrae present in the chest region.
3. Lumbar vertebrae: There are five lumbar vertebrae located in the lower back region.
4. Sacral vertebrae: The sacral vertebrae are fused together to form a single bone called the sacrum, which is located below the lumbar vertebrae.
5. Coccygeal vertebrae: Also known as the tailbone, the coccygeal vertebrae are a small, fused bone at the base of the vertebral column.

The vertebral column acts as a protective cage for the delicate spinal cord. It surrounds and encloses the spinal cord, providing support and preventing it from being damaged or injured. The vertebrae are stacked on top of each other, forming a strong and flexible column that allows for movement and flexibility of the spine.

In addition to protecting the spinal cord, the vertebral column also serves as an attachment point for various muscles and ligaments, helping to stabilize and support the spine. It also provides structural support for the body, allowing us to stand upright and maintain our posture.

In summary, the spinal cord is enclosed and protected by the vertebral column, a bony cage made up of individual vertebrae. The vertebral column provides support and protection for the spinal cord, allowing it to function effectively as part of the central nervous system.

Vertebral column protects Spinal cord