Flowering Species in India

Introduction:
India is a biodiversity hotspot and is known for its rich flora and fauna. It is estimated that there are around 47,000 plant species found in India. Out of these, approximately 15,000 flowering species belong to a specific category.

Category:
The correct answer to the given question is option 'C', which is endemic species.

Explanation:
1. Endemic Species:
Endemic species are those species that are found exclusively in a particular geographic region and are not found naturally anywhere else in the world. These species have a limited distribution and are unique to that specific area. In the context of the given question, the 15,000 flowering species belonging to the endemic category means that they are found only in India and are not naturally found in any other country or region.

Importance of Endemic Species:
Endemic species are of significant importance as they contribute to the overall biodiversity of a region. They play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance and functioning of ecosystems. Endemic species are often more vulnerable to habitat loss, climate change, and other threats because of their limited distribution. Therefore, their conservation becomes essential to preserve the unique biodiversity of a particular area.

India's Floral Diversity:
India is home to a diverse range of ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, and deserts, which support a wide variety of plant species. The country's floral diversity is influenced by its diverse climatic conditions, topography, and geographical features. This has resulted in the evolution of numerous endemic plant species that are adapted to specific habitats within India.

Conservation Efforts:
Given the significance of endemic species, conservation efforts are crucial to protect them from various threats. The Government of India has implemented various measures and policies to conserve the country's biodiversity. These include the establishment of protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, where endemic species and other flora and fauna are given legal protection.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, out of the estimated 47,000 plant species found in India, around 15,000 flowering species belong to the category of endemic species. These species are unique to India and are not found naturally in any other part of the world. Conserving these endemic species is crucial for maintaining the country's rich floral diversity and ensuring the ecological balance of its ecosystems.