Introduction:
A single-phase full wave rectifier is a rectification circuit that converts an alternating current (AC) input into a direct current (DC) output. It is commonly used in power supplies and electronic devices to convert AC power into a usable DC power source. In this rectifier circuit, the entire AC input waveform is utilized to produce a rectified output.

Working Principle:
The working principle of a single-phase full wave rectifier is based on the concept of utilizing both halves of the AC input waveform. It uses a diode bridge configuration consisting of four diodes connected in a bridge formation. The AC input is connected to the bridge rectifier, and the output is taken across the load resistor.

Rectification Process:
The rectification process in a single-phase full wave rectifier involves the following steps:

1. Positive Half-Cycle:
During the positive half-cycle of the AC input waveform, Diodes D1 and D3 are forward biased while Diodes D2 and D4 are reverse biased. This allows the current to flow through Diodes D1 and D3, bypassing the load resistor and producing a positive output voltage across the load.

2. Negative Half-Cycle:
During the negative half-cycle of the AC input waveform, Diodes D2 and D4 are forward biased while Diodes D1 and D3 are reverse biased. This allows the current to flow through Diodes D2 and D4, bypassing the load resistor and producing a negative output voltage across the load.

3. Output Voltage:
The output voltage of the single-phase full wave rectifier is the sum of the positive and negative half-cycles. The negative half-cycle is inverted to produce a positive output voltage. The resulting output waveform is a series of pulses, where each pulse corresponds to one complete cycle of the AC input waveform.

Rectification Pulses:
In the case of a single-phase full wave rectifier, the number of rectification pulses is equal to the number of cycles per second of the AC input waveform. Since the AC input waveform has a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, the rectifier produces two pulses per cycle. Therefore, it is classified as a two-pulse rectifier.

Conclusion:
A single-phase full wave rectifier is a two-pulse rectifier that utilizes both halves of the AC input waveform to produce a rectified output. It consists of a diode bridge configuration and produces a series of pulses in the output waveform. Understanding the working principle and rectification process of this rectifier circuit is essential in the field of electrical engineering.