The correct answer is option 'C', which states that the 104th Constitution Amendment Bill relates to providing quota to socially and educationally backward classes in private educational institutions.

Explanation:

The 104th Constitution Amendment Bill, also known as the Constitution (One Hundred and Fourth Amendment) Act, was passed by the Parliament of India in 2019. It seeks to provide reservation to economically weaker sections (EWS) in higher education institutions, including private educational institutions.

Here is a detailed explanation of the provisions and significance of the 104th Constitution Amendment Bill:

1. Introduction of reservation for EWS: The amendment seeks to introduce a 10% reservation for the EWS category in addition to the existing reservation for Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Other Backward Classes (OBC). This reservation is intended to benefit individuals from economically weaker sections who do not fall under any existing reservation category.

2. Reservation in private educational institutions: The amendment extends the reservation benefits to private educational institutions, including minority institutions, aided or unaided. It ensures that a certain percentage of seats in private colleges and universities are reserved for EWS candidates.

3. Criteria for EWS category: The amendment defines the eligibility criteria for the EWS category. It includes individuals whose family income is less than Rs 8 lakh per annum, individuals who own agricultural land below a certain threshold, and individuals who own residential properties below a specified size.

4. Implications for educational institutions: Private educational institutions are required to implement the reservation policy and allocate a certain percentage of seats for EWS candidates. This ensures that individuals from economically weaker sections have access to quality education and opportunities for upward social mobility.

5. Constitutional validity: The amendment provides constitutional validity to the reservation for economically weaker sections, ensuring that it does not violate the principles of equality and non-discrimination enshrined in the Indian Constitution.

6. Social and educational empowerment: The reservation policy aims to address the historical disadvantages faced by economically weaker sections in accessing higher education. By providing opportunities for social and educational empowerment, it seeks to create a more inclusive and equitable society.

In conclusion, the 104th Constitution Amendment Bill relates to providing reservation to socially and educationally backward classes in private educational institutions. It aims to extend the benefits of reservation to individuals from economically weaker sections and ensure their access to higher education.