Select the correct statement with respect to diseases and immunisation...
B and T-lymphocytes produce antibodies against pathogen in the body, if due to some reason B and T lymphocytes are damaged the body will not produce antibodies against a pathogen. Each B cell and T cell is specific for a particular antigen.
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Select the correct statement with respect to diseases and immunisation...
Damage to B-and T-lymphocytes and Antibody Production:
If B-and T-lymphocytes are damaged for any reason, the body will not be able to produce antibodies against a pathogen. B-lymphocytes are responsible for producing antibodies, while T-lymphocytes help in regulating the immune response. Without these cells functioning properly, the immune system will be compromised, leading to difficulties in fighting off infections.
Injection of Dead/Inactivated Pathogens:
Injection of dead or inactivated pathogens causes active immunity, not passive immunity. When a person is injected with dead or inactivated pathogens, their immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies against the pathogen. This type of immunisation is considered active because the body's immune system is actively involved in producing the immune response.
Use of Protozoans for Hepatitis B Vaccine Production:
Certain protozoans are not used to mass produce the hepatitis B vaccine. The hepatitis B vaccine is typically produced using recombinant DNA technology in yeast cells. This process involves inserting the gene coding for a hepatitis B surface antigen into yeast cells, which then produce the antigen that is used in the vaccine.
Snake Antivenom for Snake Bite:
Injection of snake antivenom against a snake bite is an example of passive immunisation, not active immunisation. Antivenom is made from antibodies produced in animals, usually horses or sheep, that have been exposed to snake venom. When a person is injected with antivenom, they receive pre-formed antibodies that help neutralise the venom in their body. This type of immunisation provides immediate protection but does not stimulate the person's immune system to produce antibodies.