Abolition of Permanent Settlement System

The Permanent Settlement System was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 in Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha. It was a land revenue system that fixed the land revenue demand in perpetuity, based on the expectation of a stable increase in agricultural production and thus, revenue. However, this system was not successful in achieving its objectives, as it led to the exploitation of farmers and the concentration of land in the hands of a few landlords.

Abolition of Permanent Settlement System

In 1833, the Governor-General of India, Lord William Bentinck, abolished the Permanent Settlement System in all the provinces of India, except for Bengal, as it was a major source of revenue for the British East India Company. However, in 1855, the Bengal Tenancy Act was passed, which introduced some reforms to protect the rights of tenants and regulate the relationship between landlords and tenants.

Finally, in 1951, the Permanent Settlement System was abolished in Bengal, and a new system of land revenue was introduced, which was based on the assessment of the land's productivity and the market value of crops. This system was more equitable and transparent and helped in the development of agriculture and the welfare of farmers.

Conclusion

Thus, the Permanent Settlement System was abolished in 1951 in Bengal, after being in operation for almost 158 years. It was replaced by a more equitable and transparent system of land revenue that helped in the development of agriculture and the welfare of farmers.